'
‘
members of the joint Senate-House committee which prepared the
‘
sion of the legislation observed: “The Conference substitute specically bans
-
pollution dilution as an alternative to waste treatment” [13]. Reservoir water
'
”
could, however, be used to augment
stream ow to dilute general pollution
,
from undened sources such as farms and to foster recreation and
To ensure that industrial facilities comply with the new law, 1nd1V1dual
plants will be required to obtain licenses to construct or operate facilities that
'
could discharge pollution into navigable waterways. Appropriate state
agencies will issue the required permits to the plants, but the EPA will
ultimate authority over the permits or over the state programs under
they are issued. A side effect of this action will be the phasing out of the 1899 ;
_
Refuse Act Permit Program, directed by the US. Army Corps of
,
‘
but stalled.by court litigation initiated by both environmentalists and
…
trialists.
'
.
.
‘
l
,
provide for upgraded pollution control in industrial facilities con—fÈ
‘
structed after enactrnent of the legislation, the EPA administrator iS charged
…
with establishing “standards of performance” for new facilities in at least
,
‘
specied industrial categories. The standards Will detail the degree of
.
ï_
“‘
'
tion
to be obtained by the bestavailable
demonstrated
take into account improved production processes and
Ï
factuiing techniques, in addition to conventional pollution treatment proâî%
.
?
"
Situations might arise in which one plant or, more likely, a group of
-‘
?
discharges allowable “amounts of individual pollutants, yet reduces water ‘
quality below levels specied by the standards. This might be due to particu—
lat stream Conditions or to the combined impact of discharges from a cluster
*
To guard against these problems, the older concept of water Ï
quality standards based on designated use is retained in the new law. In par—
tièular, more stringent efuent limits Will be required if normal limits hinder
the propagation of aquatic life and the maintenance of water recreation. Be—
fore these more stringent efuent limits could be set, however, hearings ,
would be necessary to consider the balance between the relevant economic
and social costs and benets. In the broader context of state and regional -
plans for water pollution control, Water quality standards will be used as'a
tool to identify Waterways in which stricter than usual eluent limits will ulti—
,
îÏ:Ïi
according to a priority ranking that takes into account the
Î"
severit_—y ;Of the pollution and the designated use of the water. Discharges of =
heated
as well as other types of pollution must be assessed in
this planning process, and plants generally will be required to use the best
availab16teçhmilggy _to minimize the environmental impact of thermal dis?
charges.
—
As & gmdetofactorsthat determine the impact of pollution in water, crif _<
teria Will bepubhshedbythe EPA which specify the effects of Specic pout};
_
tants on Wût€rqualïtyandon aquatid life, including effects on
°Ï
versity, produÇtîV5ÿ%a;idiäètäbiüty. Güdelines also will be published on what
happens t° oceanleandtothe productivity and stability of marine ecosys—
mo The Limits of PatchwoËk'
,,
‘
_… ……
…»» »» » r …»1…“.»‘»…»…»…»…
‘
members of the joint Senate-House committee which prepared the
‘
sion of the legislation observed: “The Conference substitute specically bans
-
pollution dilution as an alternative to waste treatment” [13]. Reservoir water
'
”
could, however, be used to augment
stream ow to dilute general pollution
,
from undened sources such as farms and to foster recreation and
To ensure that industrial facilities comply with the new law, 1nd1V1dual
plants will be required to obtain licenses to construct or operate facilities that
'
could discharge pollution into navigable waterways. Appropriate state
agencies will issue the required permits to the plants, but the EPA will
ultimate authority over the permits or over the state programs under
they are issued. A side effect of this action will be the phasing out of the 1899 ;
_
Refuse Act Permit Program, directed by the US. Army Corps of
,
‘
but stalled.by court litigation initiated by both environmentalists and
…
trialists.
'
.
.
‘
l
,
provide for upgraded pollution control in industrial facilities con—fÈ
‘
structed after enactrnent of the legislation, the EPA administrator iS charged
…
with establishing “standards of performance” for new facilities in at least
,
‘
specied industrial categories. The standards Will detail the degree of
.
ï_
“‘
'
tion
to be obtained by the bestavailable
demonstrated
take into account improved production processes and
Ï
factuiing techniques, in addition to conventional pollution treatment proâî%
.
?
"
Situations might arise in which one plant or, more likely, a group of
-‘
?
discharges allowable “amounts of individual pollutants, yet reduces water ‘
quality below levels specied by the standards. This might be due to particu—
lat stream Conditions or to the combined impact of discharges from a cluster
*
To guard against these problems, the older concept of water Ï
quality standards based on designated use is retained in the new law. In par—
tièular, more stringent efuent limits Will be required if normal limits hinder
the propagation of aquatic life and the maintenance of water recreation. Be—
fore these more stringent efuent limits could be set, however, hearings ,
would be necessary to consider the balance between the relevant economic
and social costs and benets. In the broader context of state and regional -
plans for water pollution control, Water quality standards will be used as'a
tool to identify Waterways in which stricter than usual eluent limits will ulti—
,
îÏ:Ïi
according to a priority ranking that takes into account the
Î"
severit_—y ;Of the pollution and the designated use of the water. Discharges of =
heated
as well as other types of pollution must be assessed in
this planning process, and plants generally will be required to use the best
availab16teçhmilggy _to minimize the environmental impact of thermal dis?
charges.
—
As & gmdetofactorsthat determine the impact of pollution in water, crif _<
teria Will bepubhshedbythe EPA which specify the effects of Specic pout};
_
tants on Wût€rqualïtyandon aquatid life, including effects on
°Ï
versity, produÇtîV5ÿ%a;idiäètäbiüty. Güdelines also will be published on what
happens t° oceanleandtothe productivity and stability of marine ecosys—
mo The Limits of PatchwoËk'
,,
‘
_… ……
…»» »» » r …»1…“.»‘»…»…»…»…