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Mechanical picking and chemical peeling are two of the technological changes in
the food industry that have added to the organic pollution of water. Mass production and new technology produce neat packages of convenient food for the con—
sumer, but at a price in the degradation of water.
tance, present and planned reductions in acid waste discharges include &
much greater reliance on deep—well injection of wastes—a disposal method it
is anticipated will be used in 15 percent of steel plants by 1977, as opposed to
only two percent in 1968. As already discussed in Chapter 1, this technique
does not remove wastes from the environment and may eventually produce
pollution problems of its own, however.
Camu'ng and Freezing Foods.
The canned and frozen fruit and vegetable
industry is another area in which modern technology and increased produc—
tion promote rather than lessen pollution [12]. Mechanical picking results in
products that contain more soil and foreign materials than those obtained by
hand collection. At the same time, higher specications for product appear—
ance have prompted increased use of pesticides that contaminate fruit [13], as
_
well as more complete cleaning processes which, in turn, produce greater
volumes of waste water. Chemical peeling also creates greater pollution. For—
merly, soft fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes were rst scaled by steam
or hot water and then peeled by hand. In most modern plants, however, to—
Modern Technology and Increased Pollution
97