Branchiura
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Branchiura (carp-lice) class of the subphylum Crustacea (phylum Arthropoda). The
animals are ectoparasitic on marine and freshwater fish.
breaking of waves unstable wave action causing surfs during wave approach.
~wave approach.
brines in marine systems occur in surface or subsurface waters containing high
amounts of salt due to submarine hydrothermal vents. Well-known brine spots
are found in the Red Sea, where pits occur of more than 1800 m depth filled
with brine waters, having a temperature up to 60°C. These brines are welling up in regions of new crust formation. Brines in surface waters usually
occur in shallow semi-enclosed bays in tropical and subtropical regions, due
to surplus evaporation.
British Antarctic Expedition ~Erebus and Terror; ~Discovery Expeditions (1).
brittle stars ~Ophiuroidea.
brown algae ~Phaeophyta.
brown clay ~red clay.
Brunhes epoch,- chron ~magnetostratigraphy.
Brunt-Viiisiilii frequency the upper value for the frequency of internal waves that
depends on the vertical stability in the water. This limiting frequency is the
result of the balance between inertial and buoyancy forces, and is also called
buoyancy frequency. The Brunt-ViiisiiHi frequency, N, is a measure for the stability. The name comes from the British and Finnish meteorologists, D.
Brunt (1927) and V. Viiisruii (1925).
Bryozoa (syn. Polyzoa or Ectoprocta, bryozoans or moss animals) phylum of the
Lophophorata (~Iophophore). Though they are not as familiar as other
invertebrates, bryozoans constitute one of the most important phyla with
some 4000 extant species. They are small « 1 mm) sessile animals living in
colonies that can cover fixed substrates like stones or shells or have a structure reminiscent of moss (hence "moss animals"). They live in freshwater as
well as marine, mainly coastal waters, but some species occur as deep as
8000 m. Colonies consist of individuals specialized in different ways, e.g.,
the zooids, which have a protruding lophophore with a circle of tentacles
for collecting food particles. The body contains a large coelom and a U-shaped gut, but other organs are absent. Recent Bryozoa are divided into the
orders Cyclostomata, Ctenostomata, Cheilostomata, and the freshwater Phylactolaemata. They have a rich fossil record, of which the orders Cystoporata,
38
Branchiura (carp-lice) class of the subphylum Crustacea (phylum Arthropoda). The
animals are ectoparasitic on marine and freshwater fish.
breaking of waves unstable wave action causing surfs during wave approach.
~wave approach.
brines in marine systems occur in surface or subsurface waters containing high
amounts of salt due to submarine hydrothermal vents. Well-known brine spots
are found in the Red Sea, where pits occur of more than 1800 m depth filled
with brine waters, having a temperature up to 60°C. These brines are welling up in regions of new crust formation. Brines in surface waters usually
occur in shallow semi-enclosed bays in tropical and subtropical regions, due
to surplus evaporation.
British Antarctic Expedition ~Erebus and Terror; ~Discovery Expeditions (1).
brittle stars ~Ophiuroidea.
brown algae ~Phaeophyta.
brown clay ~red clay.
Brunhes epoch,- chron ~magnetostratigraphy.
Brunt-Viiisiilii frequency the upper value for the frequency of internal waves that
depends on the vertical stability in the water. This limiting frequency is the
result of the balance between inertial and buoyancy forces, and is also called
buoyancy frequency. The Brunt-ViiisiiHi frequency, N, is a measure for the stability. The name comes from the British and Finnish meteorologists, D.
Brunt (1927) and V. Viiisruii (1925).
Bryozoa (syn. Polyzoa or Ectoprocta, bryozoans or moss animals) phylum of the
Lophophorata (~Iophophore). Though they are not as familiar as other
invertebrates, bryozoans constitute one of the most important phyla with
some 4000 extant species. They are small « 1 mm) sessile animals living in
colonies that can cover fixed substrates like stones or shells or have a structure reminiscent of moss (hence "moss animals"). They live in freshwater as
well as marine, mainly coastal waters, but some species occur as deep as
8000 m. Colonies consist of individuals specialized in different ways, e.g.,
the zooids, which have a protruding lophophore with a circle of tentacles
for collecting food particles. The body contains a large coelom and a U-shaped gut, but other organs are absent. Recent Bryozoa are divided into the
orders Cyclostomata, Ctenostomata, Cheilostomata, and the freshwater Phylactolaemata. They have a rich fossil record, of which the orders Cystoporata,