25
Beer's law
beach gently sloping zone, typically with a concave profile, extending landward
from the low-water line, and consisting of unconsolidated material.
Landward it ends at the foot of dunes or cliffs or at a zone of permanent
vegetation, which is usually the effective limit of storm waves. During periods of exceptionally high tides and strong winds flooding may extend further inland. A beach consists of sand, gravel (shingle, pebbles) and/or shells
but there may be accumulation of other loose water-transported material
(mud, rock fragments, boulders, material of organic origin). ~coast.
beach cusp a morphological sandy structure of the beach that is thought to be a
manifestation of the presence of edge waves.
Beagle Expedition (1831-1836) the second voyage of the Beagle to South
America, under Captain Robert Fitzroy, became famous because Charles
Robert Darwin (1809-1882)participated as naturalist and companion to
Fitzroy. Darwin did observations and collected biological material, mainly
on land, which led him to his theory of natural selection and the publication of the Origin of Species (1859). Also his theory on the origin of different
types of coral reefs (barrier reefs, fringing reefs and atolls) was based on this
cruise. No oceanographic observations were made, coastal mapping and
observations on the tides in the Pacific were the main objects of this expedition. ~Blake Expeditions.
beam trawl ~trawl.
Beaufort scale for estimating wind force, ~wind.
becquerel (Bq) is the modern notation for an amount of radioactive radiation;
1 Bq = 1 disintegration per second (dps). The notation becquerel has replaced the original notation of curie, where 1 Bq = 2.710- 11 Ci. The unit is named
after A.H. Becquerel (1852-1908), who discovered radioactive radiation in
1896.
bed forms ~sedimentary structures.
bedload ~sediment transport.
Beer's law applicable to colorimetric or spectrophotometric determination of
dissolved substances. Light irradiated into a system (e.g., surface of water
masses) can be reflected, transmitted, scattered, refracted, or absorbed. The
amount of light absorbed depends on the thickness of the medium that is
traversed and is proportional to the number of absorbing molecules per unit
volume. In 1852, Beer described, for many solutions of absorbing compounds, that the linear absorption coefficient (a in the law of absorption:
Beer's law
beach gently sloping zone, typically with a concave profile, extending landward
from the low-water line, and consisting of unconsolidated material.
Landward it ends at the foot of dunes or cliffs or at a zone of permanent
vegetation, which is usually the effective limit of storm waves. During periods of exceptionally high tides and strong winds flooding may extend further inland. A beach consists of sand, gravel (shingle, pebbles) and/or shells
but there may be accumulation of other loose water-transported material
(mud, rock fragments, boulders, material of organic origin). ~coast.
beach cusp a morphological sandy structure of the beach that is thought to be a
manifestation of the presence of edge waves.
Beagle Expedition (1831-1836) the second voyage of the Beagle to South
America, under Captain Robert Fitzroy, became famous because Charles
Robert Darwin (1809-1882)participated as naturalist and companion to
Fitzroy. Darwin did observations and collected biological material, mainly
on land, which led him to his theory of natural selection and the publication of the Origin of Species (1859). Also his theory on the origin of different
types of coral reefs (barrier reefs, fringing reefs and atolls) was based on this
cruise. No oceanographic observations were made, coastal mapping and
observations on the tides in the Pacific were the main objects of this expedition. ~Blake Expeditions.
beam trawl ~trawl.
Beaufort scale for estimating wind force, ~wind.
becquerel (Bq) is the modern notation for an amount of radioactive radiation;
1 Bq = 1 disintegration per second (dps). The notation becquerel has replaced the original notation of curie, where 1 Bq = 2.710- 11 Ci. The unit is named
after A.H. Becquerel (1852-1908), who discovered radioactive radiation in
1896.
bed forms ~sedimentary structures.
bedload ~sediment transport.
Beer's law applicable to colorimetric or spectrophotometric determination of
dissolved substances. Light irradiated into a system (e.g., surface of water
masses) can be reflected, transmitted, scattered, refracted, or absorbed. The
amount of light absorbed depends on the thickness of the medium that is
traversed and is proportional to the number of absorbing molecules per unit
volume. In 1852, Beer described, for many solutions of absorbing compounds, that the linear absorption coefficient (a in the law of absorption: