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fluorescence
floating adaptation ~buoyancy.
flocculation the formation of aggregates (~aggregation) as a result of either the
decrease of the repulsive forces between electrically charged particles (clay particles and hydroxides), or microbiological action on organic matter. The decrease of charge is caused by a change in the electrical double layer. Flocculation
can be stimulated by an increase in the salinity of water. It is a reversible process;
the decomposition of the aggregates is called deflocculation.
floe-berg ~ iceberg.
flood tide the period in a tidal cycle between low water and the next high water.
Flood current is the current during the rising of the sea level. In the case of
a progressive tidal wave the reversals of the current take place just between the
times of high and low water, and a flood current cannot well be defined.
flora (1) the goddess of flowers in Greek mythology; (2) a descriptive catalog of
the plants of any geographical area or geological period; (3) the plants or
plant life of any particular region or epoch.
flow (1) in general current, e.g., of water, but also of energy, carbon in a system,
etc; (2) mass movement of unconsolidated material that exhibits a continuity of motion and a plastic or semifluid behavior resembling that of a viscous fluid. Water is required for most types of flow movement. Also, the
mass of material moved by a flow. ~mudflow and ~sediment-gravity flow.
flow separation in a quasi-stationary fluid flow along a boundary, it may occur
that at a certain point the streamline following that boundary loses its contact
due to a local curvature or edge of the boundary surface. This flow separation is caused by the inertia of the fluid particles. Flow separation in air
flowing over White-capping waves is thought to be an important mechanism
for momentum transport from the air to the sea.
fluidized sediment flow ~sediment-gravity flow.
fluorescence of seawater, irradiating seawater with ultraviolet (UV) light results
in a weak emission of fluorescent light in the visible part of the spectrum.
This fluorescence was first determined by K. Kalle in the early 1950s, using
a simple Pulfrich photometer. Fluorescence is expressed in units of mFl,
where 1 mFI corresponds to the fluorescence of a 1.43 10- 3 mg chinine-bisulfate dm- 3 • In fact, humic substances or fulvic acids are responsible for this fluorescence, and by using this method of detection, these compounds can be followed when discharged from terrestrial sources into the sea. Part of the fluorescent substances in the oceans are also autochthonous. ~phosphorescence.
fluorescence
floating adaptation ~buoyancy.
flocculation the formation of aggregates (~aggregation) as a result of either the
decrease of the repulsive forces between electrically charged particles (clay particles and hydroxides), or microbiological action on organic matter. The decrease of charge is caused by a change in the electrical double layer. Flocculation
can be stimulated by an increase in the salinity of water. It is a reversible process;
the decomposition of the aggregates is called deflocculation.
floe-berg ~ iceberg.
flood tide the period in a tidal cycle between low water and the next high water.
Flood current is the current during the rising of the sea level. In the case of
a progressive tidal wave the reversals of the current take place just between the
times of high and low water, and a flood current cannot well be defined.
flora (1) the goddess of flowers in Greek mythology; (2) a descriptive catalog of
the plants of any geographical area or geological period; (3) the plants or
plant life of any particular region or epoch.
flow (1) in general current, e.g., of water, but also of energy, carbon in a system,
etc; (2) mass movement of unconsolidated material that exhibits a continuity of motion and a plastic or semifluid behavior resembling that of a viscous fluid. Water is required for most types of flow movement. Also, the
mass of material moved by a flow. ~mudflow and ~sediment-gravity flow.
flow separation in a quasi-stationary fluid flow along a boundary, it may occur
that at a certain point the streamline following that boundary loses its contact
due to a local curvature or edge of the boundary surface. This flow separation is caused by the inertia of the fluid particles. Flow separation in air
flowing over White-capping waves is thought to be an important mechanism
for momentum transport from the air to the sea.
fluidized sediment flow ~sediment-gravity flow.
fluorescence of seawater, irradiating seawater with ultraviolet (UV) light results
in a weak emission of fluorescent light in the visible part of the spectrum.
This fluorescence was first determined by K. Kalle in the early 1950s, using
a simple Pulfrich photometer. Fluorescence is expressed in units of mFl,
where 1 mFI corresponds to the fluorescence of a 1.43 10- 3 mg chinine-bisulfate dm- 3 • In fact, humic substances or fulvic acids are responsible for this fluorescence, and by using this method of detection, these compounds can be followed when discharged from terrestrial sources into the sea. Part of the fluorescent substances in the oceans are also autochthonous. ~phosphorescence.