292
NEELIN, J. D., M. LATIF, AND F.-F. JIN, 1994: Dynamics of coupled ocean-atmosphere
models: The tropical problem. Annu. Rev. Fluid. Mech., 26, 617-659.
NITTA, T. AND S. YAMADA, 1989: Recent warming of tropical sea surface temperature and its
relationship to the northern hemisphere circulation. J.Meteor. Soc. Japan, 67, 375-383.
PALMER, T.N. AND Z. SUN, 1985: A modelling and observational study of the relationship
between sea surface temperature in the northwest Atlantic and the atmospheric general
circulation. Quart. J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 111, 947-975.
PHILANDER, S. G. H., 1990: El Nino, La Nina, and the Southern Oscillation. Academic
Press, San Diego, Ca. 92101.
ROBERTSON, A.W., 1996: Interdecadal variability over the North Pacific in a multi-century
climate simulation. Climate Dynamics, in press.
ROECKNER, E., K. ARPE, L. BENGTSSON, S. BRINKOP, L. DTMENIL, M. ESCH, E. KIRK,
F. LUNKEIT, M. PONATER, B. ROCKEL, R. SAUSEN, U. SCHLESE, S. SCHUBERT, AND
M. WINDELBAND, 1992: Simulation ofthe present-day climate with the ECHAM model:
Impact of model physics and resolution. Report-No. 93, October, 1992, 171 pp. Available
from Max-Planck-Institut fur Meteorologie, Bundesstr. 55, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
SCHOPF, P. S. AND M. J. SUAREZ, 1988: Vacillations in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model.
J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 549-566.
TRENBERTH, K.E. AND J.W. HURRELL, 1994: Decadal atmosphere-ocean variations in the
Pacific. Clim. Dyn., 9, 303-319.
VAN LOON, H. AND J. G. RODGERS, 1978: The seasaw in winter temperatures between
Greenland and Northern Europe. Part 1: General description. Mon. Wea. Rev., 106,
296-310.
WEISSE, R. AND U. MIKOLAJEWICZ, 1994: Decadal variability of the North Atlantic in ocean
general circulation model. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 12.411-12.421.
WHITE, W.B. AND T.P. BARNETT, 1972: A servomechanism in the ocean/atmosphere system
of the mid-latitude North Pacific. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 2(4), 372-381.
WRIGHT, P.B., 1984: Relationships between indices of the Southern Oscillation. Mon. Wea.
Rev., 112, 1913-1919.
YANG, J. AND J. D. NEELIN, 1993: Sea-ice interactions with the thermohaline circulation.
Geophys. Res. Letters, 20, 217-220.
NEELIN, J. D., M. LATIF, AND F.-F. JIN, 1994: Dynamics of coupled ocean-atmosphere
models: The tropical problem. Annu. Rev. Fluid. Mech., 26, 617-659.
NITTA, T. AND S. YAMADA, 1989: Recent warming of tropical sea surface temperature and its
relationship to the northern hemisphere circulation. J.Meteor. Soc. Japan, 67, 375-383.
PALMER, T.N. AND Z. SUN, 1985: A modelling and observational study of the relationship
between sea surface temperature in the northwest Atlantic and the atmospheric general
circulation. Quart. J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 111, 947-975.
PHILANDER, S. G. H., 1990: El Nino, La Nina, and the Southern Oscillation. Academic
Press, San Diego, Ca. 92101.
ROBERTSON, A.W., 1996: Interdecadal variability over the North Pacific in a multi-century
climate simulation. Climate Dynamics, in press.
ROECKNER, E., K. ARPE, L. BENGTSSON, S. BRINKOP, L. DTMENIL, M. ESCH, E. KIRK,
F. LUNKEIT, M. PONATER, B. ROCKEL, R. SAUSEN, U. SCHLESE, S. SCHUBERT, AND
M. WINDELBAND, 1992: Simulation ofthe present-day climate with the ECHAM model:
Impact of model physics and resolution. Report-No. 93, October, 1992, 171 pp. Available
from Max-Planck-Institut fur Meteorologie, Bundesstr. 55, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
SCHOPF, P. S. AND M. J. SUAREZ, 1988: Vacillations in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model.
J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 549-566.
TRENBERTH, K.E. AND J.W. HURRELL, 1994: Decadal atmosphere-ocean variations in the
Pacific. Clim. Dyn., 9, 303-319.
VAN LOON, H. AND J. G. RODGERS, 1978: The seasaw in winter temperatures between
Greenland and Northern Europe. Part 1: General description. Mon. Wea. Rev., 106,
296-310.
WEISSE, R. AND U. MIKOLAJEWICZ, 1994: Decadal variability of the North Atlantic in ocean
general circulation model. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 12.411-12.421.
WHITE, W.B. AND T.P. BARNETT, 1972: A servomechanism in the ocean/atmosphere system
of the mid-latitude North Pacific. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 2(4), 372-381.
WRIGHT, P.B., 1984: Relationships between indices of the Southern Oscillation. Mon. Wea.
Rev., 112, 1913-1919.
YANG, J. AND J. D. NEELIN, 1993: Sea-ice interactions with the thermohaline circulation.
Geophys. Res. Letters, 20, 217-220.