physical factors such as temperature.
In the face of changing temperatures,
plants and animals must nd ways
to maintain fairly constant internal body
temperatures, or they must be able to modify their metabolisms so that
changes in their internal temperatures will not be harmful. Warmblooded ani—
mals—the birds and mammals—can regulate their body temperatures within
certain narrow limits when temperature changes occur in the environment.
On the other hand, the internal temperatures of coldblooded animals—shes
and reptiles—correspond to external temperature changes.
Extensive research has been done on the effects of temperature on sh
metabolisms. The results of these studies are reected in temperature stan—
dards recommended by the Federal Water Pollution Control Administration
[18]. For warm-water species, it is suggested that the temperature of a stream
not be raised by more than 5°F and that the temperature of the epilimnion of
lakes and reservoirs should not be raised more than 3°F
.
These gures are
based on the monthly average of the maximum daily temperature. ln addi—
tion, normal daily and seasonal temperature variations should be maintained.
For cold—water species, no heated eluents should be discharged into inland
trout streams, headwaters of sahnon streams, or trout and salmon lakes or res—
ervoirs, and the hypolimnion should not be warmed. For other streams, tem—
peratures should not be raised above 5°; for lakes and reservoirs, 3°. The
table* below shows the maximum recommended temperatures for various
sh species and their associated biota. These standards include suggested tem—
peratures which should not be exceeded in order to maintain growth and re—
production, as well as a healthy adult sh population. The recommended
temperatures for species not listed in the table may be established if and
when necessary information becomes available.
Species and Biota
93°F:
Growth of catsh, gar, white or yellow bass, spotted
bass, bualo, carpsucker, threadn shad, and gizzard
shad.
90°F :
Growth
of
largemouth bass, drum, bluegill, and
crapp1e.
84°F :
Growth of pike, perch, walleye, smallmouth bass, and
sauger.
80°F :
Spawning and egg development of catsh, buffalO,
threadn shad, and gizzard shad.
75°F :
Spawm‘ng and egg development of largemouth bass,
white or yellow bass, and spotted bass.
°Frm\7
>'
‘
-'
'
-
—
.
.
.
,
46
An Uncommon Friend
In the face of changing temperatures,
plants and animals must nd ways
to maintain fairly constant internal body
temperatures, or they must be able to modify their metabolisms so that
changes in their internal temperatures will not be harmful. Warmblooded ani—
mals—the birds and mammals—can regulate their body temperatures within
certain narrow limits when temperature changes occur in the environment.
On the other hand, the internal temperatures of coldblooded animals—shes
and reptiles—correspond to external temperature changes.
Extensive research has been done on the effects of temperature on sh
metabolisms. The results of these studies are reected in temperature stan—
dards recommended by the Federal Water Pollution Control Administration
[18]. For warm-water species, it is suggested that the temperature of a stream
not be raised by more than 5°F and that the temperature of the epilimnion of
lakes and reservoirs should not be raised more than 3°F
.
These gures are
based on the monthly average of the maximum daily temperature. ln addi—
tion, normal daily and seasonal temperature variations should be maintained.
For cold—water species, no heated eluents should be discharged into inland
trout streams, headwaters of sahnon streams, or trout and salmon lakes or res—
ervoirs, and the hypolimnion should not be warmed. For other streams, tem—
peratures should not be raised above 5°; for lakes and reservoirs, 3°. The
table* below shows the maximum recommended temperatures for various
sh species and their associated biota. These standards include suggested tem—
peratures which should not be exceeded in order to maintain growth and re—
production, as well as a healthy adult sh population. The recommended
temperatures for species not listed in the table may be established if and
when necessary information becomes available.
Species and Biota
93°F:
Growth of catsh, gar, white or yellow bass, spotted
bass, bualo, carpsucker, threadn shad, and gizzard
shad.
90°F :
Growth
of
largemouth bass, drum, bluegill, and
crapp1e.
84°F :
Growth of pike, perch, walleye, smallmouth bass, and
sauger.
80°F :
Spawning and egg development of catsh, buffalO,
threadn shad, and gizzard shad.
75°F :
Spawm‘ng and egg development of largemouth bass,
white or yellow bass, and spotted bass.
°Frm\7
>'
‘
-'
'
-
—
.
.
.
,
46
An Uncommon Friend