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evaporated from any particular part of the earth’s surface depends on tem—
peratures, latitudes, wind velocities, and other physical factors. Areas close to
—
-
the equator with their high temperatures, for example, have higher rates of
evaporation than areas farther north or south. But the climatic patterns which
help to determine the rate of evaporation are themselves determined in part
by the movement of water vapor through the atmosphere from one part of
the globe to another.
The movement of the water that is evaporated from the land and the
oceans is an important factor in the redistribution of heat around the globe.
(Heat is also distributed by ocean currents.) Heat is absorbed when water
evaporates, and the atmosphere becomes a reservoir of heat energy. This heat
energy then drives the hydrological cycle which generates the atmospheric
processes involved in Weather and climate [3].
Wàter also moves over land and in subsurface areas. About one-third of
-
the annual precipitation in the United States reaches surface waters—brooks,
streams, and rivers. Some of the water that penetrates the ground for a short
distance is drawn back up
to the Surface and evaporates, but a large portion
of this water remains stored in the ground. Subsurface water constantly ows
downward in response
to gravity, lling all areas that contain porous mate—
'
rials (gravel, sand, sandstone, clay) until it reaches impermeable rock. Eventu—
ally subsurface water'may emerge again as springs or may be tapped by wells.
The intimaæ interi‘élaü0n5hips of water With the atmosphere and with all
forms of life can be _dramatically illustrated by the now worldwide distribu—
tion of DDT [4]. DDT has been found in organisms in areas as far removed
from centers of agricultural activity Jas Antarctica. The abundant nutrients fin
.:»
wm…w
-
'
…
……
…
……
«…
‘
-
‘
f“...
'
=
*:v.» …,:
=…
=.:"
»7‘
'
,
'
«““ '-“
.
=“
‘
'
-
'
..
.
_
-_
.
.
evaporated from any particular part of the earth’s surface depends on tem—
peratures, latitudes, wind velocities, and other physical factors. Areas close to
—
-
the equator with their high temperatures, for example, have higher rates of
evaporation than areas farther north or south. But the climatic patterns which
help to determine the rate of evaporation are themselves determined in part
by the movement of water vapor through the atmosphere from one part of
the globe to another.
The movement of the water that is evaporated from the land and the
oceans is an important factor in the redistribution of heat around the globe.
(Heat is also distributed by ocean currents.) Heat is absorbed when water
evaporates, and the atmosphere becomes a reservoir of heat energy. This heat
energy then drives the hydrological cycle which generates the atmospheric
processes involved in Weather and climate [3].
Wàter also moves over land and in subsurface areas. About one-third of
-
the annual precipitation in the United States reaches surface waters—brooks,
streams, and rivers. Some of the water that penetrates the ground for a short
distance is drawn back up
to the Surface and evaporates, but a large portion
of this water remains stored in the ground. Subsurface water constantly ows
downward in response
to gravity, lling all areas that contain porous mate—
'
rials (gravel, sand, sandstone, clay) until it reaches impermeable rock. Eventu—
ally subsurface water'may emerge again as springs or may be tapped by wells.
The intimaæ interi‘élaü0n5hips of water With the atmosphere and with all
forms of life can be _dramatically illustrated by the now worldwide distribu—
tion of DDT [4]. DDT has been found in organisms in areas as far removed
from centers of agricultural activity Jas Antarctica. The abundant nutrients fin
.:»