Italic numbers refer to illustrations and photographs.
Index
A
Acetone, 40, 41
sulfur, 141
Acid 26, 78, 82, 102
Baltic Sea, 79—80, 132, 133
buffers, 54, 58
Barber, Yates, M., 11
formation of, 54, 55
Bartsch, A. F.,
21
Acid bacteria, 59
Baumgartner, Donald ]., 21
Acid mine drainage, 55—59, 56, 57, 92
Beaver Creek
56.597 57
effects of on stream biology, 59
Beryllium, 75
effects of on stream chemistry, 56—59
Bicarbonates, 49, 58, 137
Acid rain, 54—55, 55
Biological barrier, 167—169, 168
Activated carbon, 6, 20, 150
Biological indicators, 123, 126, 130
Adaptation, 36, 63
See also Sludgeworms
oxygen, 45, 126—128
Biological oxygen demand, 81—82, 92—93, 99,
salinity, 49—50
114, 117, 128, 139, 144
temperature, 40, 45—49
industrial sources of, 90, 98, 101—102,
Advanced waste treatment, 92, 104, 108, 110,
104—105, 106, 109, 183
111—112, 114—115, 175—176
treatment for, 106, 108, 115, 128
Aerated lagoons, 102
BDD. See Biological oxygen demand
Aging of lakes, 180—132
ine. See Salt
Agriculture, 20, 31—32, 52, 92, 134—136, 135
Buffers, 54, 58
Airborne pollutants, 23, 32—33, 54, 73, 74,
75—78, 76, 114, 184
C
in the ocean, 73, 74, 75—78
Cadium, 69, 75, 149, 150, 151, 184
Alcohol, 40, 41
health effects of, 151
Aldehydes, 78
Calcium 49, 54, 58
Alewives, 4
Calumet Biver, 115
.
Algae, 33, 38, 51, 53
Cane Branch, 57—59
as biological indicators, 123
Canning industry, 97—98
blue-green, 48, 123, 129, 130,137, 138, 141
Capillary action, 39
natural blooms of, 130
Carbine, W. F., 21
nutrient stimulation of, 19—20, 123, 129,
Carbon dioxide, 36, 53—54, 126, 137
132, 137—138, 140—141 “””
Carbon tetrachloride, 40, 41, 78
temperature stimulation of, 39,.45
Carbonic acid, 54
See aLso Drinking water
Carcinogenic chemicals, 81, 99, 154—155, 160,
Alkalinity, 53—54
169
Allegheny River, 7
Cattle industry, 106—107
Aluminum, 79
Cayuga Lake, 45
Amebic meningoencephalitis, 167
Cesium 137, 13, 18
Ammonia, 53, 129
Chemical
interactions,
60,
150,
160—161,
Ammonia stripping, 108, 111
190—195
Anaerobic basins, 106
Chicago, Illinois, 2, 5—7, 19—20, 26—27, 50, 114
Antagonism, 60, 190—195
Chicago River, 6
Antarctica, 31…32
Chloracne, 159
Appalachia> 55—56, 92
Chlordane, 32
Arsenic, 79, 149, 150, 151
Chlorides, 21—23, 49, 50—51, 156—158
Asbestog, 23, 75
health effects of, 156
Atmosphere, 30_33
Chlorinated hydrocarbons, 14—17, 78—79, 99,
See also Airborne pollutants
161
Atomic Energy Commission, 7, 80
health effects of, 158—160
in the ocean, 75—77, 78-79
B
Chlorine, 6, 20, 150, 160—161, 165—166
Bacteria, 19, 47, 53, 59, 61, 83, 91, 106, 126,
Chromium, 75, 79, 81, 82, 150, 151
128, 129, 167
Cincinnati, Ohio, 32
anaerobic, 126, 141
Cleveland, Ohio, 7
coliform, 83, 148, 161—164, 196
Climate, 31
_
control of, 166
Closed—cycle waste treatment. See Recychng
nitrate-converting, 155
207 166—167
soil, 167
Coal mine wastes, 79
standards, 148, 161—164, 196
See also Acid mine drainage: APPalaChla
201
Index
A
Acetone, 40, 41
sulfur, 141
Acid 26, 78, 82, 102
Baltic Sea, 79—80, 132, 133
buffers, 54, 58
Barber, Yates, M., 11
formation of, 54, 55
Bartsch, A. F.,
21
Acid bacteria, 59
Baumgartner, Donald ]., 21
Acid mine drainage, 55—59, 56, 57, 92
Beaver Creek
56.597 57
effects of on stream biology, 59
Beryllium, 75
effects of on stream chemistry, 56—59
Bicarbonates, 49, 58, 137
Acid rain, 54—55, 55
Biological barrier, 167—169, 168
Activated carbon, 6, 20, 150
Biological indicators, 123, 126, 130
Adaptation, 36, 63
See also Sludgeworms
oxygen, 45, 126—128
Biological oxygen demand, 81—82, 92—93, 99,
salinity, 49—50
114, 117, 128, 139, 144
temperature, 40, 45—49
industrial sources of, 90, 98, 101—102,
Advanced waste treatment, 92, 104, 108, 110,
104—105, 106, 109, 183
111—112, 114—115, 175—176
treatment for, 106, 108, 115, 128
Aerated lagoons, 102
BDD. See Biological oxygen demand
Aging of lakes, 180—132
ine. See Salt
Agriculture, 20, 31—32, 52, 92, 134—136, 135
Buffers, 54, 58
Airborne pollutants, 23, 32—33, 54, 73, 74,
75—78, 76, 114, 184
C
in the ocean, 73, 74, 75—78
Cadium, 69, 75, 149, 150, 151, 184
Alcohol, 40, 41
health effects of, 151
Aldehydes, 78
Calcium 49, 54, 58
Alewives, 4
Calumet Biver, 115
.
Algae, 33, 38, 51, 53
Cane Branch, 57—59
as biological indicators, 123
Canning industry, 97—98
blue-green, 48, 123, 129, 130,137, 138, 141
Capillary action, 39
natural blooms of, 130
Carbine, W. F., 21
nutrient stimulation of, 19—20, 123, 129,
Carbon dioxide, 36, 53—54, 126, 137
132, 137—138, 140—141 “””
Carbon tetrachloride, 40, 41, 78
temperature stimulation of, 39,.45
Carbonic acid, 54
See aLso Drinking water
Carcinogenic chemicals, 81, 99, 154—155, 160,
Alkalinity, 53—54
169
Allegheny River, 7
Cattle industry, 106—107
Aluminum, 79
Cayuga Lake, 45
Amebic meningoencephalitis, 167
Cesium 137, 13, 18
Ammonia, 53, 129
Chemical
interactions,
60,
150,
160—161,
Ammonia stripping, 108, 111
190—195
Anaerobic basins, 106
Chicago, Illinois, 2, 5—7, 19—20, 26—27, 50, 114
Antagonism, 60, 190—195
Chicago River, 6
Antarctica, 31…32
Chloracne, 159
Appalachia> 55—56, 92
Chlordane, 32
Arsenic, 79, 149, 150, 151
Chlorides, 21—23, 49, 50—51, 156—158
Asbestog, 23, 75
health effects of, 156
Atmosphere, 30_33
Chlorinated hydrocarbons, 14—17, 78—79, 99,
See also Airborne pollutants
161
Atomic Energy Commission, 7, 80
health effects of, 158—160
in the ocean, 75—77, 78-79
B
Chlorine, 6, 20, 150, 160—161, 165—166
Bacteria, 19, 47, 53, 59, 61, 83, 91, 106, 126,
Chromium, 75, 79, 81, 82, 150, 151
128, 129, 167
Cincinnati, Ohio, 32
anaerobic, 126, 141
Cleveland, Ohio, 7
coliform, 83, 148, 161—164, 196
Climate, 31
_
control of, 166
Closed—cycle waste treatment. See Recychng
nitrate-converting, 155
207 166—167
soil, 167
Coal mine wastes, 79
standards, 148, 161—164, 196
See also Acid mine drainage: APPalaChla
201