I-6
Index
dissolve operation, in GIS, 152, 153f
distance calculation
for GIS spatial analysis, 158–159, 159f
surface, 33, 48–49
distance measurements
in aerial photography, 285–286
in GE, 47–49
distribution
of geospatial data and maps, 449–453, 451f, 453f
of GIS maps, 198–199
DLGs. See Digital Line Graphs
DMS. See degrees, minutes, and seconds
doctorate degree, in geospatial technology, 446
Dolon Air Field, 324, 324f
DOQs. See Digital Orthophoto Quads
Dots Per Inch (DPI), 198
draping, 388–389, 389f
DRG. See Digital Raster Graphic
DTM. See Digital Terrain Model
dual frequency receiver, 77
E-911. See Enhanced 911
Earth, models of, 30, 30f
Earth Observation Day, 440
Earth Observatory, 364–365, 365f
ICE tool with, 366
Earth Observing 1 (EO-1), 337–338
Earth Observing System (EOS), 351–352, 352f
Aqua, 358–361, 360f
Aura, 361–363, 362f, 363f
climate change and, 364
Terra, 352–358, 353f, 354f, 355f, 356f, 357f, 358f
viewing and analyzing data from, 364–367, 365f
Earth Resources Observation Science (EROS)
Center, 328
“Earth Viewer,” 11
EarthExplorer, 106
examining aerial photographs in, 275
examining DLGs in, 106
use of, 275
EarthNow! Website, 334
easting
SPCS, 42
UTM, 39–41, 40f, 41f
edges, of network, 225
Educaching, 444
education, geospatial technology in, 443–447, 445f
EGNOS. See European Geostationary Navigation
Overlay System
8-bit imagery, 307, 307f
with different color guns, 309–310, 310f
electromagnetic (EM) energy
properties of, 298, 298f
in remote sensing, 297–299, 297f, 298f
wavelength and frequency of, 297–298, 297f
electromagnetic spectrum, 298
elevation, 377
contour lines showing, 379, 379f
DEMs of, 383–386, 385f, 386f
measuring with GE, 395–396
ellipsoid, 30, 30f
EM energy. See electromagnetic energy
emergency response
geospatial data used by, 8
GPS use in, 87
Enhanced 911 (E-911), 87
Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), 332, 333f
malfunction of, 336
environmental monitoring
geospatial technology in, 5, 5f
from space, 351–376
environmental studies, CIR photo for, 276, 277f
Environmental Systems Research Institute (Esri), 13.
See also specific products
ArcNews, ArcUser, and ArcWatch, 117
industries using technology of, 3
Mapping for Everyone, 450–452, 451f, 453f
product overview, 113–117, 114f, 115f, 116f
TIGER/Line files of, 227, 242, 255
YouTube station, 113
EO-1. See Earth Observing 1
EOS. See Earth Observing System
ephemeris, 77
ephemeris error, 81
epsilon error, 81
Equal Intervals, 194–195, 194f
Equal operator, 149
Equator, 31–33
EROS Center. See Earth Resources Observation
Science Center
errors
in geocoding, 232–233
in georeferencing, 60–61
in GPS, 81–83, 82f, 83f
in maps, 224
in Microsoft MapCruncher, 68
Esri. See Environmental Systems Research Institute
Esri blogs, 457
Esri TV, 113
ETM+. See Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus
European Geostationary Navigation Overlay System
(EGNOS), 86
orbit of, 325
exaggeration, vertical, 389–390, 390f, 395–396, 465–466
Index
dissolve operation, in GIS, 152, 153f
distance calculation
for GIS spatial analysis, 158–159, 159f
surface, 33, 48–49
distance measurements
in aerial photography, 285–286
in GE, 47–49
distribution
of geospatial data and maps, 449–453, 451f, 453f
of GIS maps, 198–199
DLGs. See Digital Line Graphs
DMS. See degrees, minutes, and seconds
doctorate degree, in geospatial technology, 446
Dolon Air Field, 324, 324f
DOQs. See Digital Orthophoto Quads
Dots Per Inch (DPI), 198
draping, 388–389, 389f
DRG. See Digital Raster Graphic
DTM. See Digital Terrain Model
dual frequency receiver, 77
E-911. See Enhanced 911
Earth, models of, 30, 30f
Earth Observation Day, 440
Earth Observatory, 364–365, 365f
ICE tool with, 366
Earth Observing 1 (EO-1), 337–338
Earth Observing System (EOS), 351–352, 352f
Aqua, 358–361, 360f
Aura, 361–363, 362f, 363f
climate change and, 364
Terra, 352–358, 353f, 354f, 355f, 356f, 357f, 358f
viewing and analyzing data from, 364–367, 365f
Earth Resources Observation Science (EROS)
Center, 328
“Earth Viewer,” 11
EarthExplorer, 106
examining aerial photographs in, 275
examining DLGs in, 106
use of, 275
EarthNow! Website, 334
easting
SPCS, 42
UTM, 39–41, 40f, 41f
edges, of network, 225
Educaching, 444
education, geospatial technology in, 443–447, 445f
EGNOS. See European Geostationary Navigation
Overlay System
8-bit imagery, 307, 307f
with different color guns, 309–310, 310f
electromagnetic (EM) energy
properties of, 298, 298f
in remote sensing, 297–299, 297f, 298f
wavelength and frequency of, 297–298, 297f
electromagnetic spectrum, 298
elevation, 377
contour lines showing, 379, 379f
DEMs of, 383–386, 385f, 386f
measuring with GE, 395–396
ellipsoid, 30, 30f
EM energy. See electromagnetic energy
emergency response
geospatial data used by, 8
GPS use in, 87
Enhanced 911 (E-911), 87
Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), 332, 333f
malfunction of, 336
environmental monitoring
geospatial technology in, 5, 5f
from space, 351–376
environmental studies, CIR photo for, 276, 277f
Environmental Systems Research Institute (Esri), 13.
See also specific products
ArcNews, ArcUser, and ArcWatch, 117
industries using technology of, 3
Mapping for Everyone, 450–452, 451f, 453f
product overview, 113–117, 114f, 115f, 116f
TIGER/Line files of, 227, 242, 255
YouTube station, 113
EO-1. See Earth Observing 1
EOS. See Earth Observing System
ephemeris, 77
ephemeris error, 81
epsilon error, 81
Equal Intervals, 194–195, 194f
Equal operator, 149
Equator, 31–33
EROS Center. See Earth Resources Observation
Science Center
errors
in geocoding, 232–233
in georeferencing, 60–61
in GPS, 81–83, 82f, 83f
in maps, 224
in Microsoft MapCruncher, 68
Esri. See Environmental Systems Research Institute
Esri blogs, 457
Esri TV, 113
ETM+. See Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus
European Geostationary Navigation Overlay System
(EGNOS), 86
orbit of, 325
exaggeration, vertical, 389–390, 390f, 395–396, 465–466