I-7
Index
geodatabase, 117
Geodesy, 30
GeoEye, 339–341
GeoEye-1 satellite, 340–341
GeoEye-2 satellite, 341
Geographic Alliance Network, 443
geographic coordinate system (GCS), 31–36, 32f,
34f–35f
converting to SPCS, 44
converting to UTM, 42
DD measurements, 33
DMS measurements, 32–33
Equator, 31–33
great circle distance calculations, 33
International Date Line, 32–33, 36
latitude defined, 31–36
longitude defined, 32–36
Prime Meridian, 32–36
time zones, 33–36, 34f–35f
Geographic Information Science (GISci), 13
Geographic Information System (GIS). See also
specific software
address matching in, 229–233, 229f, 230t, 231f,
232f, 245–250, 258–263, 467–469
computer-based environment of, 100
defined, 2, 99–100
geography and, 13
history of, 101
kinds of, 113–118, 114f, 115f, 116f
metadata in, 112–113
modeling networks in, 225–229, 226f, 228f
non-spatial data in, 108–112, 110f, 111f
online GIS resources, 100f, 101
preparing geocoded results for, 250, 263
representation of real-world items in, 101–108,
103f, 104f, 105f, 107f, 108f
representing real world as continuous fields,
106–108, 107f, 108f
routing in, 233–237, 235f, 237f
software packages for, 113–118, 114f, 115f, 116f
uses of, 99–100
Geographic Information System (GIS) mapmaking,
185–222
with AEJEE, 200–210
with ArcGIS, 211–222
colors used in, 197–198, 197f
data display on GIS maps, 192–196, 193f, 194f
design elements included in maps, 189–192, 189f,
190f, 191f, 192f
exporting and distributing GIS maps, 198–199
importance of map design, 186
scale of data, 186–189, 188f
Exclusive Or, 150–151
Explorer I, 323
exporting, of GIS maps, 198–199
extrusion, 406–408, 407f, 408f
of building footprint in GSU, 426–427
Eyes on the Earth, 366
FAA. See Federal Aviation Administration
faces, of blocks, 409, 409f
false color composite, 311, 311f
standard, 311
true color composites compared to, 312
false easting
SPCS, 43
UTM, 41
false northing
SPCS, 43
UTM, 40
farming, GPS use in, 87
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), WAAS of, 85
Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC),
metadata standards of, 112
fields, in attribute table, 110
fishing, GPS use in, 88
Flash Earth, 296
Flight Simulator, in GE, 27
font, on maps, 190–191, 191f
forensics, GPS use in, 87
forestry, geospatial technology in, 5, 6f
Free Geography Tools, 450
frequencies
carrier, 76–77
of EM energy, 297–298, 297f
GAGAN, 87
Galileo, 86
Garmin, 89, 223, 223f
GCPs. See control points
GCS. See geographic coordinate system
GD. See ground distance
GE. See Google Earth
geocaching, 88–89
applications of, 97–98
Web resources for, 96
Geocaching Swiss Army Knife, 98
Geocaching.com, 89, 96–97
geocoding, 229–233, 229f, 230t, 231f, 232f
with AGX, 467–469
batch, 231
error in, 232–233
GE and, 245–250, 258–263
online resources for, 232
Index
geodatabase, 117
Geodesy, 30
GeoEye, 339–341
GeoEye-1 satellite, 340–341
GeoEye-2 satellite, 341
Geographic Alliance Network, 443
geographic coordinate system (GCS), 31–36, 32f,
34f–35f
converting to SPCS, 44
converting to UTM, 42
DD measurements, 33
DMS measurements, 32–33
Equator, 31–33
great circle distance calculations, 33
International Date Line, 32–33, 36
latitude defined, 31–36
longitude defined, 32–36
Prime Meridian, 32–36
time zones, 33–36, 34f–35f
Geographic Information Science (GISci), 13
Geographic Information System (GIS). See also
specific software
address matching in, 229–233, 229f, 230t, 231f,
232f, 245–250, 258–263, 467–469
computer-based environment of, 100
defined, 2, 99–100
geography and, 13
history of, 101
kinds of, 113–118, 114f, 115f, 116f
metadata in, 112–113
modeling networks in, 225–229, 226f, 228f
non-spatial data in, 108–112, 110f, 111f
online GIS resources, 100f, 101
preparing geocoded results for, 250, 263
representation of real-world items in, 101–108,
103f, 104f, 105f, 107f, 108f
representing real world as continuous fields,
106–108, 107f, 108f
routing in, 233–237, 235f, 237f
software packages for, 113–118, 114f, 115f, 116f
uses of, 99–100
Geographic Information System (GIS) mapmaking,
185–222
with AEJEE, 200–210
with ArcGIS, 211–222
colors used in, 197–198, 197f
data display on GIS maps, 192–196, 193f, 194f
design elements included in maps, 189–192, 189f,
190f, 191f, 192f
exporting and distributing GIS maps, 198–199
importance of map design, 186
scale of data, 186–189, 188f
Exclusive Or, 150–151
Explorer I, 323
exporting, of GIS maps, 198–199
extrusion, 406–408, 407f, 408f
of building footprint in GSU, 426–427
Eyes on the Earth, 366
FAA. See Federal Aviation Administration
faces, of blocks, 409, 409f
false color composite, 311, 311f
standard, 311
true color composites compared to, 312
false easting
SPCS, 43
UTM, 41
false northing
SPCS, 43
UTM, 40
farming, GPS use in, 87
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), WAAS of, 85
Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC),
metadata standards of, 112
fields, in attribute table, 110
fishing, GPS use in, 88
Flash Earth, 296
Flight Simulator, in GE, 27
font, on maps, 190–191, 191f
forensics, GPS use in, 87
forestry, geospatial technology in, 5, 6f
Free Geography Tools, 450
frequencies
carrier, 76–77
of EM energy, 297–298, 297f
GAGAN, 87
Galileo, 86
Garmin, 89, 223, 223f
GCPs. See control points
GCS. See geographic coordinate system
GD. See ground distance
GE. See Google Earth
geocaching, 88–89
applications of, 97–98
Web resources for, 96
Geocaching Swiss Army Knife, 98
Geocaching.com, 89, 96–97
geocoding, 229–233, 229f, 230t, 231f, 232f
with AGX, 467–469
batch, 231
error in, 232–233
GE and, 245–250, 258–263
online resources for, 232