References
293
Thornton , I.W.B. , Zann , R.A. & van Balen , S. ( 1993 )
Colonization of Rakata (Krakatau Is.) by non - migrant land
birds from 1883 to 1992 and implications for the value of
island equilibrium theory . Journal of Biogeography , 20 ,
441 – 52 .
Thuiller , W. , Ara ú jo , M.B. , Pearson , R.G. , Whittaker , R.J. ,
Brotons , L. & Lavorel , S. ( 2004 ) Uncertainty in predictions
of extinction risk . Nature 430 , doi: 10.1038/nature02716
Tilman , D. , May , R.M. , Lehman , C.L. & Nowak , M.A. ( 1994 )
Habitat destruction and the extinction debt . Nature , 371 ,
65 – 66 .
Tj ø rve , E. ( 2009 ) Shapes and functions of species – area curves
(II): a review of new models and parameterizations . Journal
of Biogeography , 36 , 1435 – 1445 .
du Toit , J.T. , Rogers , K.H. & Biggs , H.C. (eds) ( 2003 ) The Kruger
experience: ecology and management of savanna heterogeneity .
Island Press , Washington, DC .
Tolley , K.A. , Makokha , J.S. , Houniet , D.T. , Swart , B.L. &
Matthee , C.A. ( 2009 ) The potential for predicted climate
shifts to impact genetic landscapes of lizards in the South
African Cape Floristic Region . Molecular Phylogenetics and
Evolution , 51 , 120 – 130 .
Triantis , K.A. , Vardinoyannis , K. , Tsolaki , E. , Botsaris , I. , Lika ,
K. & Mylonas , M. ( 2006 ) Re - approaching the small island
effect . Journal of Biogeography , 33 , 914 – 923 .
Triantis , K.A. , Mylonas , M. & Whittaker , R.J. ( 2008 )
Evolutionary species – area curves as revealed by single -
island endemics: insights for the interprovincial species –
area relationship . Ecography , 31 , 401 – 407 .
Triantis , K.A. , Borges , P.A.V. , Ladle , R.J. , Hortal , J. , Cardoso ,
P. , Gaspar , C. , Dinis , F. , Mendon ç a , E. , Silveira , L.M.A. ,
Gabriel , R. , Melo , C. , Santos , A.M.C. , Amorim , I.R. , Ribeiro ,
S.P. , Serrano , A.R.M. , Quartau , J.A. & Whittaker , R.J.
( 2010 ) Predicting extinctions on oceanic islands .
Ecography , 33 , 285 – 294 .
Trudgill , S. ( 2001 ) Psychobiogeography: meanings of nature
and motivations for a democratized conservation ethic .
Journal of Biogeography , 28 , 677 – 698 .
Tsing , A.L. , Brosius , J.P. & Zerner , C. ( 1999 ) Assessing community - based natural - resource management . Ambio , 28 ,
197 – 198 .
Turner , M.G. & Dale , V.H. ( 1998 ) Comparing large, infrequent
disturbances: what have we learned? Ecosystems , 1 ,
493 – 496 .
Turner , W.R. , Brandon , K. , Brooks , T.M. , Costanza , R. , da
Fonseca , G.A.B. & Portela , R. ( 2007 ) Global conservation
of biodiversity and ecosystem services . BioScience , 57 ,
868 – 873 .
Turvey , S.T. , Pitman R.L. , Taylor B.L. , Barlow , J. , Akamatsu ,
T. , Barrett , L.A. , Zhao , X. , Reeves , R.R. , Stewart , B.S. , Wang ,
K. , Wei , Z. , Zhang , X. , Pusser , L.T. , Richlen , M. , Brandon ,
J.R. & Wang , D. ( 2007 ) First human - caused extinction of a
cetacean species? Biological Letters , 3 , 537 – 540 .
Udvardy , M.D.F. ( 1969 ) Dynamic zoogeography, with special
reference to land animals . Van Nostrand Reinhold , New
York .
Udvardy , M.D.F. ( 1975 ) A classifi cation of the biogeographical
provinces of the world . IUCN , Morges, Switzerland .
Ulrich , W. & Gotelli , N.J. ( 2007 ) Null model analysis of species
nestedness patterns . Ecology , 88 , 1824 – 1831
Ulrich , W. & Zalewski , M. ( 2007 ) Are ground beetles neutral?
Basic and Applied Ecology , 8 , 411 – 420 .
Ulrich , W. , Almeida - Neto , M. & Gotelli , N.C. ( 2009 ) A consumer ’ s guide to nestedness analysis . Oikos , 118 , 3 – 17 .
UNESCO ( 2009 ) Global Open Oceans and Deep Seabed (GOODS)
– biogeographic classifi cation . UNESCO - IOC , Paris .
Urban , D. , O ’ Neill , R.V. & Shugart , H.H. , Jr ( 1987 ) Landscape
ecology. A hierarchical perspective can help scientists
understand spatial patterns . BioScience , 37 , 119 – 127 .
Vandermeer , J. & Lin , B.B. ( 2008 ) The importance of matrix
quality in fragmented landscapes: understanding ecosystem collapse through a combination of deterministic and
stochastic forces . Ecological Complexity , 5 , 222 – 227 .
Van den Belt , H. ( 2004 ) Networking nature, or Serengeti
behind the dykes . History and Technology , 20 , 311 – 333 .
Van Dyke , F. ( 2003 ) Conservation biology: foundations, concepts,
applications . McGraw Hill , New York .
Van Turnhout , C.A.M. , Foppen , R.P.B. , Leuven , R. , Siepel , H.
& Esselink , H. ( 2007 ) Scale - dependent homogenization:
changes in breeding bird diversity in the Netherlands over
a 25 - year period . Biological Conservation , 134 , 505 – 516 .
Van Wieren , S.T. ( 1991 ) The management of populations of
large animals . The scientifi c management of temperate communities for conservation (ed. by I.F. Spellerberg , G.M.
Goldsmith and M.G. Morris ), pp. 103 – 127 . Blackwell
Scientifi c Publications , Oxford .
Vellend , M. , Verheyen , K. , Jacquemyn , H. , Kolb , A. , Calster ,
A.V. , Peterken , G. & Hermy , M. ( 2006 ) Extinction debt of
forest plants persists for more than a century following
habitat fragmentation . Ecology , 87 , 542 – 548 .
Veloz , S.D. ( 2009 ) Spatially autocorrelated sampling falsely
infl ates measures of accuracy for presence - only niche
models . Journal of Biogeography , 36 , 2290 – 2299 .
Venter , O. , Meijaard , E. , Possingham , H. , Dennis , R. , Sheil , D. ,
Wich , S. & Wilson , K. ( 2009 ) Carbon payments as a safeguard for threatened tropical mammals . Conservation
Letters , 2 , 123 – 129 .
Vera , F.W.M. ( 2000 ) Grazing ecology and forest history . CABI
Publishing , Wallingford .
Verboom , G.A. , Dreyer , L.L. & Savolainen , V. ( 2009 )
Understanding the origins and evolution of the world ’ s biodiversity hotspots: the biota of the African ‘ Cape Floristic
Region ’ as a case study preface . Molecular Phylogenetics and
Evolution , 51 , 1 – 4 .
Veron , J. ( 2000 ) Corals of the world . Australian Institute of
Marine Science , Townsville, Australia .
Vermeij , G. ( 2005 ) Invasion as expectation: a historical fact
of life . Species invasions: insights into ecology, evolution and
biogeography (ed. by D.F. Sax , J.J. Stachowicz and S.D.
Gaines ), pp. 315 – 340 . Sinauer Press , Sunderland, MA .
Virah - Sawmy , M. , Willis , K.J. & Gillson , L. ( 2010 ) Evidence for
drought and forest declines during the recent megafaunal
293
Thornton , I.W.B. , Zann , R.A. & van Balen , S. ( 1993 )
Colonization of Rakata (Krakatau Is.) by non - migrant land
birds from 1883 to 1992 and implications for the value of
island equilibrium theory . Journal of Biogeography , 20 ,
441 – 52 .
Thuiller , W. , Ara ú jo , M.B. , Pearson , R.G. , Whittaker , R.J. ,
Brotons , L. & Lavorel , S. ( 2004 ) Uncertainty in predictions
of extinction risk . Nature 430 , doi: 10.1038/nature02716
Tilman , D. , May , R.M. , Lehman , C.L. & Nowak , M.A. ( 1994 )
Habitat destruction and the extinction debt . Nature , 371 ,
65 – 66 .
Tj ø rve , E. ( 2009 ) Shapes and functions of species – area curves
(II): a review of new models and parameterizations . Journal
of Biogeography , 36 , 1435 – 1445 .
du Toit , J.T. , Rogers , K.H. & Biggs , H.C. (eds) ( 2003 ) The Kruger
experience: ecology and management of savanna heterogeneity .
Island Press , Washington, DC .
Tolley , K.A. , Makokha , J.S. , Houniet , D.T. , Swart , B.L. &
Matthee , C.A. ( 2009 ) The potential for predicted climate
shifts to impact genetic landscapes of lizards in the South
African Cape Floristic Region . Molecular Phylogenetics and
Evolution , 51 , 120 – 130 .
Triantis , K.A. , Vardinoyannis , K. , Tsolaki , E. , Botsaris , I. , Lika ,
K. & Mylonas , M. ( 2006 ) Re - approaching the small island
effect . Journal of Biogeography , 33 , 914 – 923 .
Triantis , K.A. , Mylonas , M. & Whittaker , R.J. ( 2008 )
Evolutionary species – area curves as revealed by single -
island endemics: insights for the interprovincial species –
area relationship . Ecography , 31 , 401 – 407 .
Triantis , K.A. , Borges , P.A.V. , Ladle , R.J. , Hortal , J. , Cardoso ,
P. , Gaspar , C. , Dinis , F. , Mendon ç a , E. , Silveira , L.M.A. ,
Gabriel , R. , Melo , C. , Santos , A.M.C. , Amorim , I.R. , Ribeiro ,
S.P. , Serrano , A.R.M. , Quartau , J.A. & Whittaker , R.J.
( 2010 ) Predicting extinctions on oceanic islands .
Ecography , 33 , 285 – 294 .
Trudgill , S. ( 2001 ) Psychobiogeography: meanings of nature
and motivations for a democratized conservation ethic .
Journal of Biogeography , 28 , 677 – 698 .
Tsing , A.L. , Brosius , J.P. & Zerner , C. ( 1999 ) Assessing community - based natural - resource management . Ambio , 28 ,
197 – 198 .
Turner , M.G. & Dale , V.H. ( 1998 ) Comparing large, infrequent
disturbances: what have we learned? Ecosystems , 1 ,
493 – 496 .
Turner , W.R. , Brandon , K. , Brooks , T.M. , Costanza , R. , da
Fonseca , G.A.B. & Portela , R. ( 2007 ) Global conservation
of biodiversity and ecosystem services . BioScience , 57 ,
868 – 873 .
Turvey , S.T. , Pitman R.L. , Taylor B.L. , Barlow , J. , Akamatsu ,
T. , Barrett , L.A. , Zhao , X. , Reeves , R.R. , Stewart , B.S. , Wang ,
K. , Wei , Z. , Zhang , X. , Pusser , L.T. , Richlen , M. , Brandon ,
J.R. & Wang , D. ( 2007 ) First human - caused extinction of a
cetacean species? Biological Letters , 3 , 537 – 540 .
Udvardy , M.D.F. ( 1969 ) Dynamic zoogeography, with special
reference to land animals . Van Nostrand Reinhold , New
York .
Udvardy , M.D.F. ( 1975 ) A classifi cation of the biogeographical
provinces of the world . IUCN , Morges, Switzerland .
Ulrich , W. & Gotelli , N.J. ( 2007 ) Null model analysis of species
nestedness patterns . Ecology , 88 , 1824 – 1831
Ulrich , W. & Zalewski , M. ( 2007 ) Are ground beetles neutral?
Basic and Applied Ecology , 8 , 411 – 420 .
Ulrich , W. , Almeida - Neto , M. & Gotelli , N.C. ( 2009 ) A consumer ’ s guide to nestedness analysis . Oikos , 118 , 3 – 17 .
UNESCO ( 2009 ) Global Open Oceans and Deep Seabed (GOODS)
– biogeographic classifi cation . UNESCO - IOC , Paris .
Urban , D. , O ’ Neill , R.V. & Shugart , H.H. , Jr ( 1987 ) Landscape
ecology. A hierarchical perspective can help scientists
understand spatial patterns . BioScience , 37 , 119 – 127 .
Vandermeer , J. & Lin , B.B. ( 2008 ) The importance of matrix
quality in fragmented landscapes: understanding ecosystem collapse through a combination of deterministic and
stochastic forces . Ecological Complexity , 5 , 222 – 227 .
Van den Belt , H. ( 2004 ) Networking nature, or Serengeti
behind the dykes . History and Technology , 20 , 311 – 333 .
Van Dyke , F. ( 2003 ) Conservation biology: foundations, concepts,
applications . McGraw Hill , New York .
Van Turnhout , C.A.M. , Foppen , R.P.B. , Leuven , R. , Siepel , H.
& Esselink , H. ( 2007 ) Scale - dependent homogenization:
changes in breeding bird diversity in the Netherlands over
a 25 - year period . Biological Conservation , 134 , 505 – 516 .
Van Wieren , S.T. ( 1991 ) The management of populations of
large animals . The scientifi c management of temperate communities for conservation (ed. by I.F. Spellerberg , G.M.
Goldsmith and M.G. Morris ), pp. 103 – 127 . Blackwell
Scientifi c Publications , Oxford .
Vellend , M. , Verheyen , K. , Jacquemyn , H. , Kolb , A. , Calster ,
A.V. , Peterken , G. & Hermy , M. ( 2006 ) Extinction debt of
forest plants persists for more than a century following
habitat fragmentation . Ecology , 87 , 542 – 548 .
Veloz , S.D. ( 2009 ) Spatially autocorrelated sampling falsely
infl ates measures of accuracy for presence - only niche
models . Journal of Biogeography , 36 , 2290 – 2299 .
Venter , O. , Meijaard , E. , Possingham , H. , Dennis , R. , Sheil , D. ,
Wich , S. & Wilson , K. ( 2009 ) Carbon payments as a safeguard for threatened tropical mammals . Conservation
Letters , 2 , 123 – 129 .
Vera , F.W.M. ( 2000 ) Grazing ecology and forest history . CABI
Publishing , Wallingford .
Verboom , G.A. , Dreyer , L.L. & Savolainen , V. ( 2009 )
Understanding the origins and evolution of the world ’ s biodiversity hotspots: the biota of the African ‘ Cape Floristic
Region ’ as a case study preface . Molecular Phylogenetics and
Evolution , 51 , 1 – 4 .
Veron , J. ( 2000 ) Corals of the world . Australian Institute of
Marine Science , Townsville, Australia .
Vermeij , G. ( 2005 ) Invasion as expectation: a historical fact
of life . Species invasions: insights into ecology, evolution and
biogeography (ed. by D.F. Sax , J.J. Stachowicz and S.D.
Gaines ), pp. 315 – 340 . Sinauer Press , Sunderland, MA .
Virah - Sawmy , M. , Willis , K.J. & Gillson , L. ( 2010 ) Evidence for
drought and forest declines during the recent megafaunal