274
References
Grainger , A. ( 2008 ) Diffi culties in tracking the long - term
global trend in tropical forest area . Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences USA , 105 , 818 – 823 .
Grantham , H.S. , Petersen , S.L. & Possingham , H.P. ( 2008 )
Reducing bycatch in the South African pelagic longline
fi shery: the utility of different approaches to fi sheries closures . Endangered Species Research , 5 , 291 – 299 .
Grantham , H.S. , Wilson , K.A. , Moilanen , A. , Rebelo , T. &
Possingham , H.P. ( 2009 ) Delaying conservation actions for
improved knowledge: how long should we wait? Ecology
Letters , 12 , 293 – 301 .
Grantham , H.S. , Bode , M. , McDonald - Madden , E. , Game , E.T. ,
Knight , A.T. & Possingham , H.P. (2009) Effective conservation planning requires learning and adaptation . Frontiers in
Ecology and the Environment 8 , 431 – 437 .
Green , A. & Sheppard , S. ( 2005 ) Delineating the eastern side of
the Coral Triangle, its ecoregions and functional seascapes . The
Nature Conservancy , Newmarket, UK .
Green , R.E. , Collingham , Y.C. , Willis , S.G. , Gregory , R.D. ,
Smith , K.W. & Huntley , B. ( 2008 ) Performance of climate
envelope models in retrodicting recent changes in bird
population size from observed climatic change . Biology
Letters , 4 , 599 – 602 .
Gregory , R.D. , Wilkinson , N.I. , Noble , D.G. , Robinson , R.A. ,
Brown , A.F. , Hughes , J. , Procter , D.A. , Gibbons , D.W. &
Galbraith , C.A. ( 2002 ) The population status of birds in the
United Kingdom, Channel Islands and Isle of Man: an analysis of conservation concern 2002 – 2007 . British Birds ,
95 , 410 – 448 .
Grehan , J.R. ( 1993 ) Conservation biogeography and the biodiversity crisis: a global problem in space/time . Biodiversity
Letters , 1 , 134 – 140 .
Griffi ths , C.J. , Jones , C.G. , Hansen , D.M. , Puttoo , M. , Tatayah ,
R.V. , M ü ller , C.B. & Harris , S. ( 2009 ) The use of extant non -
indigenous tortoises as a restoration tool to replace extinct
ecosystem engineers . Restoration Ecology , 18 , 1 – 7 .
Grimmett , R.F. & Jones , T. ( 1989 ) Important Bird Areas in
Europe . International Council for Bird Preservation ,
Cambridge, UK .
GRN [Government of the Republic of Namibia] ( 1996 ) Nature
Conservation Amendment Act, 1996 . Government Gazette
No. 1333, Windhoek.
Groombridge , B. (ed.) ( 1992 ) Global biodiversity: status of the
Earth ’ s living resources . A report compiled by the World
Conservation Monitoring Centre. Chapman and Hall :
London .
Groombridge , B. & Jenkins , M. D. ( 2002 ) World atlas of
biodiversity: Earth ’ s living resources in the 21st century .
University of California Press , Berkeley, CA .
Gropp , R.E. ( 2003 ) Are university natural science collections
going extinct? BioScience , 53 , 550 – 550 .
Grossman , D. H. , Faber - Langendoen , D. , Weakley , A. S. ,
Anderson , M. , Bourgeron , P. , Crawford , R. , Goodin , K. ,
Landaal , S. , Metzler , K. , Patterson , K.D. , Pyne , M. , Reid , M.
& Sneddon , L. ( 1998 ) International classifi cation of ecological
communities: terrestrial vegetation of the United States. Volume
I. The National Vegetation Classifi cation System: development,
status, and applications . The Nature Conservancy , Arlington,
Virginia, USA . Also available at: http://biology.usgs.gov/
npsveg .
Grove , R. ( 1996 ) Green imperialism: colonial expansion, tropical
island Edens and the origins of environmentalism, 1600 –
1860 . Cambridge University Press , New York .
Groves , C.R. , Jensen , D.B. , Valutis , L.L. , Redford , K.H. , Shaffer ,
M.L. , Scott , J.M. , Baumgartner , J.V. , Higgins , J.V. , Beck , M.W.
& Anderson , M.G. ( 2002 ) Planning for biodiversity conservation: putting conservation science into practice .
BioScience , 52 , 499 – 512 .
Grumbine , R.E. ( 1994 ) What is ecosystem management?
Conservation Biology , 8 , 27 – 38 .
Grumbine , R.E. ( 1997 ) Refl ections on ecosystem management . Conservation Biology , 11 , 41 – 47 .
Guisan , A. & Zimmermann , N.E. ( 2000 ) Predictive habitat
distribution models in ecology . Ecological Modelling , 135 ,
147 – 186 .
Gunderson , L. & Folke , C. ( 2003 ) Toward a ‘ science of the long
view ’ . Conservation Ecology , 7 , 15 .
Gunderson , L.H. & Holling , C.S. (eds) ( 2001 ) Panarchy:
understanding transformations in human and natural systems .
Island Press , Washington, DC .
Gurevitch , J. & Padilla , D.K. ( 2004 ) Are invasive species a
major cause of extinctions? Trends in Ecology & Evolution ,
19 , 470 – 474 .
Gustafson , E. J. & Gardner , R H. ( 1996 ) The effect of landscape
heterogeneity on the probability of patch colonization .
Ecology , 77 , 94 – 107 .
Hadly , E.A. , Ramakrishnan , U. , Chan , Y.L. , van Tuinen ,
M. , O ’ Keefe , K. , Spaeth , P.A. & Conroy , C.J. ( 2004 )
Genetic response to climatic change: insights from
ancient DNA and phylochronology . PLoS Biology , 2 ,
1600 – 1609 .
Hafner , D.J. & Riddle , B.R. (in press) Boundaries and barriers
of North American warm deserts: an evolutionary perspective. Palaeogeography and palaeobiogeography: biodiversity in
space and time . Systematics Association special volumes (ed.
by P. Upchurch , A. McGowan and C. Slater ). CRC Press ,
Boca Raton, FL .
Haila , Y.A. ( 2002 ) A conceptual genealogy of fragmentation
research: from island biogeography to landscape ecology .
Ecological Applications , 12 , 321 – 334 .
Hall , B.P. & Moreau , R.E. ( 1962 ) A study of rare birds in
Africa . Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History , 8 ,
313 – 378 .
Hall , J.E. , Kirby , K.J. & Whitbread , A.M. ( 2001 ) National vegetation classifi cation: fi eld guide to woodland . Joint Nature
Conservation Committee , Peterborough . Available from:
www.jncc.gov.uk/PDF/fi eldguidetowoodland.pdf .
Halpern , B.S. & Warner , R.R. ( 2003 ) Matching marine reserve
design to reserve objectives . Proceedings of the Royal Society
B: Biological Sciences , 270 , 1871 – 1878 .
References
Grainger , A. ( 2008 ) Diffi culties in tracking the long - term
global trend in tropical forest area . Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences USA , 105 , 818 – 823 .
Grantham , H.S. , Petersen , S.L. & Possingham , H.P. ( 2008 )
Reducing bycatch in the South African pelagic longline
fi shery: the utility of different approaches to fi sheries closures . Endangered Species Research , 5 , 291 – 299 .
Grantham , H.S. , Wilson , K.A. , Moilanen , A. , Rebelo , T. &
Possingham , H.P. ( 2009 ) Delaying conservation actions for
improved knowledge: how long should we wait? Ecology
Letters , 12 , 293 – 301 .
Grantham , H.S. , Bode , M. , McDonald - Madden , E. , Game , E.T. ,
Knight , A.T. & Possingham , H.P. (2009) Effective conservation planning requires learning and adaptation . Frontiers in
Ecology and the Environment 8 , 431 – 437 .
Green , A. & Sheppard , S. ( 2005 ) Delineating the eastern side of
the Coral Triangle, its ecoregions and functional seascapes . The
Nature Conservancy , Newmarket, UK .
Green , R.E. , Collingham , Y.C. , Willis , S.G. , Gregory , R.D. ,
Smith , K.W. & Huntley , B. ( 2008 ) Performance of climate
envelope models in retrodicting recent changes in bird
population size from observed climatic change . Biology
Letters , 4 , 599 – 602 .
Gregory , R.D. , Wilkinson , N.I. , Noble , D.G. , Robinson , R.A. ,
Brown , A.F. , Hughes , J. , Procter , D.A. , Gibbons , D.W. &
Galbraith , C.A. ( 2002 ) The population status of birds in the
United Kingdom, Channel Islands and Isle of Man: an analysis of conservation concern 2002 – 2007 . British Birds ,
95 , 410 – 448 .
Grehan , J.R. ( 1993 ) Conservation biogeography and the biodiversity crisis: a global problem in space/time . Biodiversity
Letters , 1 , 134 – 140 .
Griffi ths , C.J. , Jones , C.G. , Hansen , D.M. , Puttoo , M. , Tatayah ,
R.V. , M ü ller , C.B. & Harris , S. ( 2009 ) The use of extant non -
indigenous tortoises as a restoration tool to replace extinct
ecosystem engineers . Restoration Ecology , 18 , 1 – 7 .
Grimmett , R.F. & Jones , T. ( 1989 ) Important Bird Areas in
Europe . International Council for Bird Preservation ,
Cambridge, UK .
GRN [Government of the Republic of Namibia] ( 1996 ) Nature
Conservation Amendment Act, 1996 . Government Gazette
No. 1333, Windhoek.
Groombridge , B. (ed.) ( 1992 ) Global biodiversity: status of the
Earth ’ s living resources . A report compiled by the World
Conservation Monitoring Centre. Chapman and Hall :
London .
Groombridge , B. & Jenkins , M. D. ( 2002 ) World atlas of
biodiversity: Earth ’ s living resources in the 21st century .
University of California Press , Berkeley, CA .
Gropp , R.E. ( 2003 ) Are university natural science collections
going extinct? BioScience , 53 , 550 – 550 .
Grossman , D. H. , Faber - Langendoen , D. , Weakley , A. S. ,
Anderson , M. , Bourgeron , P. , Crawford , R. , Goodin , K. ,
Landaal , S. , Metzler , K. , Patterson , K.D. , Pyne , M. , Reid , M.
& Sneddon , L. ( 1998 ) International classifi cation of ecological
communities: terrestrial vegetation of the United States. Volume
I. The National Vegetation Classifi cation System: development,
status, and applications . The Nature Conservancy , Arlington,
Virginia, USA . Also available at: http://biology.usgs.gov/
npsveg .
Grove , R. ( 1996 ) Green imperialism: colonial expansion, tropical
island Edens and the origins of environmentalism, 1600 –
1860 . Cambridge University Press , New York .
Groves , C.R. , Jensen , D.B. , Valutis , L.L. , Redford , K.H. , Shaffer ,
M.L. , Scott , J.M. , Baumgartner , J.V. , Higgins , J.V. , Beck , M.W.
& Anderson , M.G. ( 2002 ) Planning for biodiversity conservation: putting conservation science into practice .
BioScience , 52 , 499 – 512 .
Grumbine , R.E. ( 1994 ) What is ecosystem management?
Conservation Biology , 8 , 27 – 38 .
Grumbine , R.E. ( 1997 ) Refl ections on ecosystem management . Conservation Biology , 11 , 41 – 47 .
Guisan , A. & Zimmermann , N.E. ( 2000 ) Predictive habitat
distribution models in ecology . Ecological Modelling , 135 ,
147 – 186 .
Gunderson , L. & Folke , C. ( 2003 ) Toward a ‘ science of the long
view ’ . Conservation Ecology , 7 , 15 .
Gunderson , L.H. & Holling , C.S. (eds) ( 2001 ) Panarchy:
understanding transformations in human and natural systems .
Island Press , Washington, DC .
Gurevitch , J. & Padilla , D.K. ( 2004 ) Are invasive species a
major cause of extinctions? Trends in Ecology & Evolution ,
19 , 470 – 474 .
Gustafson , E. J. & Gardner , R H. ( 1996 ) The effect of landscape
heterogeneity on the probability of patch colonization .
Ecology , 77 , 94 – 107 .
Hadly , E.A. , Ramakrishnan , U. , Chan , Y.L. , van Tuinen ,
M. , O ’ Keefe , K. , Spaeth , P.A. & Conroy , C.J. ( 2004 )
Genetic response to climatic change: insights from
ancient DNA and phylochronology . PLoS Biology , 2 ,
1600 – 1609 .
Hafner , D.J. & Riddle , B.R. (in press) Boundaries and barriers
of North American warm deserts: an evolutionary perspective. Palaeogeography and palaeobiogeography: biodiversity in
space and time . Systematics Association special volumes (ed.
by P. Upchurch , A. McGowan and C. Slater ). CRC Press ,
Boca Raton, FL .
Haila , Y.A. ( 2002 ) A conceptual genealogy of fragmentation
research: from island biogeography to landscape ecology .
Ecological Applications , 12 , 321 – 334 .
Hall , B.P. & Moreau , R.E. ( 1962 ) A study of rare birds in
Africa . Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History , 8 ,
313 – 378 .
Hall , J.E. , Kirby , K.J. & Whitbread , A.M. ( 2001 ) National vegetation classifi cation: fi eld guide to woodland . Joint Nature
Conservation Committee , Peterborough . Available from:
www.jncc.gov.uk/PDF/fi eldguidetowoodland.pdf .
Halpern , B.S. & Warner , R.R. ( 2003 ) Matching marine reserve
design to reserve objectives . Proceedings of the Royal Society
B: Biological Sciences , 270 , 1871 – 1878 .