GENERAL INDEX
553
– passive, 315
– within the sediment, 332
particle turnover, 347, 348
particle utilization
– meiofauna, 333
– micro-organisms, 332–337
– protists, 333–337
– response of larger metazoans, 339
– selective, 333
– small metazoans, 333–337
– strategies by benthopelagic bacteria and planktonic metazoa,
333, 334
– strategies of larger animals, 332
– strategies of small animals, 332
particles
– buoyant, 329
– clay, 319
– intermediate-size, 318
– labile, 318, 325, 339
– large, 353, 364
– lithogenic, 342
– nutritional quality, 336
– refractory, 314, 318, 342
– sinking rates, 319
– small particles, 314, 317–326
– very fine particles, 320
particulate organic carbon (POC), 179, 186
– annual flux, 186
– assimilation efficiencies, 348
– Atlantic Ocean
– – BIOTRANS study site, 351
– – seasonality, 132
– decreasing with depth, 186
– downslope transport, 194
– eddy diffusive mixing, 205
– effects on abundances, 157
– effects on bacteria, 154, 158
– effects on biomass, 185
– effects on respiration rates, 205
– factors controlling the flux, 185
– faunal uptake, 349
– food source, 193
– foraminifera, 232
– Indian Ocean, 226
– – Kenya margin, 227
– – monsoon, 219
– – seasonality, 228
– key environmental parameter, 212
– key habitat variable, 182
– oxygen depletion, 182
– oxygen minimum zones, 228
– Pacific Ocean
– – California margin, 194
– – eutrophic abyss, 200, 203
– – mesotrophic abyss, 200
– – oligotrophic central gyres, 181, 206, 208
– ratio to primary production, 185
– respiration requirements, 160
– sampling, 200
– seasonal influx, 190
– seasonality, 228
– spatial variation is controlled by productivity, 200
– suspended versus sinking particles, 320
– upwelling, 182
– urchin mixing, 205
particulate organic matter (POM), 50
– Arctic Ocean, 243
– Atlantic Ocean
– – seasonality, 122
– Bathymodiolus, 285
– effects on bacteria, 154
– transport, 55
particulate organic nitrogen (PON), 132
passive organic inputs
– large animal carcasses, 354–359
– large plant remains, 353, 354
– macroalgae and seagrass, 353
passive particle rain, 366
passive particle traps, 341
passive suspension feeders, 341
passive transport, 315
patchiness, 66
210 Pb (see also
234 Th/
210 Pb), 162, 165, 188, 195, 196, 199, 205,
346, 349, 362
– profiles, 160, 163, 232
PCBs, see polychlorinated biphenyls
PCC, see polychlorinated camphenes
PDO (Pilot Disposal Operation), 444
pelagic deposits, 155
pelagic provinces, 120
pelagic sedimentation, 118
Pendragon Escarpment (Atlantic Ocean), 137
peracarids (see also Peracarida in Systematic Index)
– brooding, 414
– seasonal reproduction, 409
– summertime increases in populations, 349
peridinin, 122
peripheral seas
– characteristics, 262
– vertical flux, 266
permanent thermocline, 41, 318
– declining oxygen concentrations, 44
Persian Gulf, 223, 226, 227
Peru Basin (Pacific Ocean), 451, 453
Peru–Chile margin (Pacific Ocean)
– biomass, 199
Peruvian margin
– cold seeps, 86, 102
– – species distribution, 85
perviates, 97
phaeodarians, 190, 325
phaeophorbides, 324
phaeopigments, 324, 336
pharmaceuticals, 3
pheromones, 58
phosgene, 434
phosphatic deposits, 119
phospholipids, 122
553
– passive, 315
– within the sediment, 332
particle turnover, 347, 348
particle utilization
– meiofauna, 333
– micro-organisms, 332–337
– protists, 333–337
– response of larger metazoans, 339
– selective, 333
– small metazoans, 333–337
– strategies by benthopelagic bacteria and planktonic metazoa,
333, 334
– strategies of larger animals, 332
– strategies of small animals, 332
particles
– buoyant, 329
– clay, 319
– intermediate-size, 318
– labile, 318, 325, 339
– large, 353, 364
– lithogenic, 342
– nutritional quality, 336
– refractory, 314, 318, 342
– sinking rates, 319
– small particles, 314, 317–326
– very fine particles, 320
particulate organic carbon (POC), 179, 186
– annual flux, 186
– assimilation efficiencies, 348
– Atlantic Ocean
– – BIOTRANS study site, 351
– – seasonality, 132
– decreasing with depth, 186
– downslope transport, 194
– eddy diffusive mixing, 205
– effects on abundances, 157
– effects on bacteria, 154, 158
– effects on biomass, 185
– effects on respiration rates, 205
– factors controlling the flux, 185
– faunal uptake, 349
– food source, 193
– foraminifera, 232
– Indian Ocean, 226
– – Kenya margin, 227
– – monsoon, 219
– – seasonality, 228
– key environmental parameter, 212
– key habitat variable, 182
– oxygen depletion, 182
– oxygen minimum zones, 228
– Pacific Ocean
– – California margin, 194
– – eutrophic abyss, 200, 203
– – mesotrophic abyss, 200
– – oligotrophic central gyres, 181, 206, 208
– ratio to primary production, 185
– respiration requirements, 160
– sampling, 200
– seasonal influx, 190
– seasonality, 228
– spatial variation is controlled by productivity, 200
– suspended versus sinking particles, 320
– upwelling, 182
– urchin mixing, 205
particulate organic matter (POM), 50
– Arctic Ocean, 243
– Atlantic Ocean
– – seasonality, 122
– Bathymodiolus, 285
– effects on bacteria, 154
– transport, 55
particulate organic nitrogen (PON), 132
passive organic inputs
– large animal carcasses, 354–359
– large plant remains, 353, 354
– macroalgae and seagrass, 353
passive particle rain, 366
passive particle traps, 341
passive suspension feeders, 341
passive transport, 315
patchiness, 66
210 Pb (see also
234 Th/
210 Pb), 162, 165, 188, 195, 196, 199, 205,
346, 349, 362
– profiles, 160, 163, 232
PCBs, see polychlorinated biphenyls
PCC, see polychlorinated camphenes
PDO (Pilot Disposal Operation), 444
pelagic deposits, 155
pelagic provinces, 120
pelagic sedimentation, 118
Pendragon Escarpment (Atlantic Ocean), 137
peracarids (see also Peracarida in Systematic Index)
– brooding, 414
– seasonal reproduction, 409
– summertime increases in populations, 349
peridinin, 122
peripheral seas
– characteristics, 262
– vertical flux, 266
permanent thermocline, 41, 318
– declining oxygen concentrations, 44
Persian Gulf, 223, 226, 227
Peru Basin (Pacific Ocean), 451, 453
Peru–Chile margin (Pacific Ocean)
– biomass, 199
Peruvian margin
– cold seeps, 86, 102
– – species distribution, 85
perviates, 97
phaeodarians, 190, 325
phaeophorbides, 324
phaeopigments, 324, 336
pharmaceuticals, 3
pheromones, 58
phosgene, 434
phosphatic deposits, 119
phospholipids, 122