542
GENERAL INDEX
JET (Japan Deep-Sea Impact Experiment), 454
Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS), 200, 322, 326
Josephine Seamount (Atlantic Ocean), 151
Juan de Fuca Ridge (north-east Pacific), 383, 387
– hydrothermal vents, 82, 83, 88, 99, 101
– – location, 82
– morphology, 84
– vestimentiferans, 96
Jungfern Passage (Caribbean Sea), 269
Jungfern Sill (Caribbean Sea), 269, 270
jurisdiction, 460
kaolinite, 118
kaolinite/chlorite ratio, 118
Kara Sea (Arctic Ocean), 240
katabatic winds, 263
kelp, 354
– debris, 354
Kenya margin (Indian Ocean), 226, 227
– bioturbation, 227
– carbon sources, 227
– production, 227
– recolonization, 227
– respiration rates, 227
– river discharge, 226
Kenya Slope (Indian Ocean), 219
Kerguelen Plateau (Southern Ocean), 249
kinetic energy, 117, 270
kinorhynchs as carnivores, 21
Kolbeinsey Ridge (Atlantic Ocean), 132
komokiaceans, 131, 207, 333, 340
Kruzenshtern Strait (Sea of Okhotsk), 277
K-selection, 406–408, 457
K-strategists, 405
K-strategy, 407
Kurile Basin (Sea of Okhotsk), 276, 277
– sediments, 277
– species distribution, 287
Kurile Islands, 276, 277, 279
Kurile–Kamchatka subduction zone, 276
Kuroshio Current (Pacific Ocean), 181, 184
La Hague (France), 428
La Jolla Canyon (Pacific Ocean), 197
labile organic matter, 338, 343, 352, 365
– pulses of, 350
Labrador Sea (Atlantic Ocean), 115
– downwelling, 430
ladder of vertical migrations, 268
– theory, 316
land barriers, 61
landers, 474, 475
lantern fish (Myctophidae), 56, 287
– photophores, 56
– vertical migration, 445
Laptev Sea (Arctic Ocean), 240
large-scale comparisons, 366
larger animals
– lifespans and response to organic flux, 326
– strategies of particle utilization, 332
larvaceans, 54, 320
– houses, 319
larvae, 60, 67, 329, 330, 349, 384, 413, 414
– brittle stars, 406
– cnidarians, 403
– crustaceans, 394
– dispersal, 414–416
– echinoderms, 402
– Echinoidea, 407
– lecithotrophic, 396, 402, 413, 415
– molluscs, 395–398
– mortality, 412
– ophiopluteus, 330
– planktotrophic, 396, 398, 402, 414
– polychaetes, 385–387
– postlarvae, 330, 332, 339, 349
– prodissoconch, 395
– protoconch, 395
– r/K-selection, 405, 406
– transparency, 55
– transport, 330
– trochophore, 387, 414
larval behaviors, 406
larval development, 396, 397, 452
larval dispersal, 280, 387, 392, 394, 396, 402, 414–416
lateral transport, 314, 317
latitude
– effects on diversity, 300–304, 306
– – area effects, 303
– – potential causes, 302–304
– timing of mass deposition, 323
latitudinal comparisons
– benthic biomass and particle rain relationships, 366
latitudinal diversity cline, 246, 247
Lau Basin (Pacific Ocean), 393
LC, see London Convention
Le Danois Bank (Atlantic Ocean), 152
lead (see also
210 Pb), 52, 443
leaves as debris on seafloor, 353
Lebensspuren, see animal traces
lecithotrophy, 387, 396, 398, 402, 404, 412–416
Leeuwin Current (Indian Ocean), 223
Legal and Technical Commission of ISA, 459
Lena River, 244
leptostracans, 358
– colonizers, 165
Lessepsian species, 279
Lesser Antilles Passages (Caribbean Sea), 269
Lesser Sunda Islands (Indonesia), 272, 273
Levantine Basin (Mediterranean Sea), 262
Levantine Intermediate Water (Mediterranean Sea), 263, 264
Levantine Sea (Mediterranean Sea), 282
Lewisite (dichlor-(2-chlorvinyl)-arsine), 434
Lifamatola Sill (Indonesia), 273
life cycles, 73
life-history, 381
life-history traits
– dispersal, 414–416
GENERAL INDEX
JET (Japan Deep-Sea Impact Experiment), 454
Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS), 200, 322, 326
Josephine Seamount (Atlantic Ocean), 151
Juan de Fuca Ridge (north-east Pacific), 383, 387
– hydrothermal vents, 82, 83, 88, 99, 101
– – location, 82
– morphology, 84
– vestimentiferans, 96
Jungfern Passage (Caribbean Sea), 269
Jungfern Sill (Caribbean Sea), 269, 270
jurisdiction, 460
kaolinite, 118
kaolinite/chlorite ratio, 118
Kara Sea (Arctic Ocean), 240
katabatic winds, 263
kelp, 354
– debris, 354
Kenya margin (Indian Ocean), 226, 227
– bioturbation, 227
– carbon sources, 227
– production, 227
– recolonization, 227
– respiration rates, 227
– river discharge, 226
Kenya Slope (Indian Ocean), 219
Kerguelen Plateau (Southern Ocean), 249
kinetic energy, 117, 270
kinorhynchs as carnivores, 21
Kolbeinsey Ridge (Atlantic Ocean), 132
komokiaceans, 131, 207, 333, 340
Kruzenshtern Strait (Sea of Okhotsk), 277
K-selection, 406–408, 457
K-strategists, 405
K-strategy, 407
Kurile Basin (Sea of Okhotsk), 276, 277
– sediments, 277
– species distribution, 287
Kurile Islands, 276, 277, 279
Kurile–Kamchatka subduction zone, 276
Kuroshio Current (Pacific Ocean), 181, 184
La Hague (France), 428
La Jolla Canyon (Pacific Ocean), 197
labile organic matter, 338, 343, 352, 365
– pulses of, 350
Labrador Sea (Atlantic Ocean), 115
– downwelling, 430
ladder of vertical migrations, 268
– theory, 316
land barriers, 61
landers, 474, 475
lantern fish (Myctophidae), 56, 287
– photophores, 56
– vertical migration, 445
Laptev Sea (Arctic Ocean), 240
large-scale comparisons, 366
larger animals
– lifespans and response to organic flux, 326
– strategies of particle utilization, 332
larvaceans, 54, 320
– houses, 319
larvae, 60, 67, 329, 330, 349, 384, 413, 414
– brittle stars, 406
– cnidarians, 403
– crustaceans, 394
– dispersal, 414–416
– echinoderms, 402
– Echinoidea, 407
– lecithotrophic, 396, 402, 413, 415
– molluscs, 395–398
– mortality, 412
– ophiopluteus, 330
– planktotrophic, 396, 398, 402, 414
– polychaetes, 385–387
– postlarvae, 330, 332, 339, 349
– prodissoconch, 395
– protoconch, 395
– r/K-selection, 405, 406
– transparency, 55
– transport, 330
– trochophore, 387, 414
larval behaviors, 406
larval development, 396, 397, 452
larval dispersal, 280, 387, 392, 394, 396, 402, 414–416
lateral transport, 314, 317
latitude
– effects on diversity, 300–304, 306
– – area effects, 303
– – potential causes, 302–304
– timing of mass deposition, 323
latitudinal comparisons
– benthic biomass and particle rain relationships, 366
latitudinal diversity cline, 246, 247
Lau Basin (Pacific Ocean), 393
LC, see London Convention
Le Danois Bank (Atlantic Ocean), 152
lead (see also
210 Pb), 52, 443
leaves as debris on seafloor, 353
Lebensspuren, see animal traces
lecithotrophy, 387, 396, 398, 402, 404, 412–416
Leeuwin Current (Indian Ocean), 223
Legal and Technical Commission of ISA, 459
Lena River, 244
leptostracans, 358
– colonizers, 165
Lessepsian species, 279
Lesser Antilles Passages (Caribbean Sea), 269
Lesser Sunda Islands (Indonesia), 272, 273
Levantine Basin (Mediterranean Sea), 262
Levantine Intermediate Water (Mediterranean Sea), 263, 264
Levantine Sea (Mediterranean Sea), 282
Lewisite (dichlor-(2-chlorvinyl)-arsine), 434
Lifamatola Sill (Indonesia), 273
life cycles, 73
life-history, 381
life-history traits
– dispersal, 414–416