GENERAL INDEX
541
– overfishing, 457
– oxygen concentration, 223, 226
– oxygen minimum zones, 219, 227–232
– physical characteristics, 220–226
– primary production, 222, 226
– river discharge, 224
– sediments
– – composition, 224, 225
– – terrigenous, 220
– – traps, 72
– – types, 224
– ship losses, 432
– species distribution, 226, 227
– – abyssal zones, 232, 233
– – oxygen minimum zones, 229–232
– topography, 221
– upwelling, 220–223
– vertical flux, 226
indicator taxa, 454
indirect development, 387
Indonesian Archipelago, 45
Indonesian Intermediate Water, 274
Indonesian Seas, 266, 272–274, 286
– bathymetry, 273
– characteristics, 262
– circulation, 274
– evaporation, 261
– fauna, 286
– hydrography, 273, 274
– morphology, 272, 273
– peripheral seas, 261
– primary production, 274
– sediments, 274
– vertical flux, 274
Indus River, 179, 220
infertility, 430
interannual variation, 137, 157, 325, 336, 352, 353
interface feeders, 339, 342, 343
– switch to suspension feeding, 342
interfacial fluxes, 366
intermediate particles, 320, 327
– importance as food source to benthic community, 320
Intermediate Water, 115, 182
– Antarctic, 48, 223, 269
– Indian Ocean, 223
– Indonesian, 274
– Levantine (Mediterranean Sea), 263, 264
– North Pacific, 273
– Sea of Japan, 275, 276
internal tidal currents, 330
internal waves, 41, 326, 329, 340, 431
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), 439
International Economic Order, 458
International Indian Ocean Expedition (IIOE), 219
International Maritime Organization (IMO), 432, 435
International Seabed Authority (ISA), 454, 455, 459, 460
International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, 459
International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural
Resources (IUCNNR), 460
Internationale Naturschutzakademie Insel Vilm, 461
Interoceanmetal Benthic Impact Experiment (IOM-BIE), 454
Interoceanmetal Joint Organization (IOM-BIE), 454
Intertropical Convergence Zones (ITCZ), 65
invasion of the deep sea, 475
IOM-BIE (Interoceanmetal Benthic Impact Experiment), 454
Ionian Basin (Mediterranean Sea), 262, 266, 282
ionic regulation, 73
ipnopids, 156
IRA (impact reference area), 460
Irish Sea, 428
iron limitation, 48, 50, 253
ISA (International Seabed Authority), 459
isopods (see also Isopoda in Systematic Index)
– as scavengers, 357
– Atlantic Ocean, 125
– – Northwest African margin, 140
– – Puerto Rico Trench, 131
– – Rockall Trough, 134
– brooding, 388
– deep-sea species, 16
– distribution, 25
– diversity
– – effects of latitude, 302
– – poleward decreases, 301
– effects of sampling gear, 13
– eggs, 388
– eyes, 8
– geographical distribution, 24
– gigantism, 24
– Gulf of Mexico, 285
– latitudinal cline, 247
– marsupium, 389
– necrophages, 152
– Norwegian Sea, 298
– reproduction, 388
– seasonality, 134
– sex ratio, 389
– size class, 11
– Southern Ocean, 254, 255
– – phylogenetic analysis, 255
– species distribution, 254
– using xenophyophore tests as habitat, 210
– Venezuela Basin (Caribbean Sea), 284
isostatic depression, 249
isotope ratios, 52
isotopes, 100
iteroparity, 408
IUCNNR (International Union for the Conservation of Nature
and Natural Resources), 460
Jamaica Rise (Caribbean Sea), 268
Jan Mayen Island (Atlantic Ocean), 132
– biomass, 142
– densities, 142
Japan Basin (Sea of Japan), 275
Jaspar Seamount (Pacific Ocean)
– species distribution, 27
Java Trench (Indian Ocean), 220
541
– overfishing, 457
– oxygen concentration, 223, 226
– oxygen minimum zones, 219, 227–232
– physical characteristics, 220–226
– primary production, 222, 226
– river discharge, 224
– sediments
– – composition, 224, 225
– – terrigenous, 220
– – traps, 72
– – types, 224
– ship losses, 432
– species distribution, 226, 227
– – abyssal zones, 232, 233
– – oxygen minimum zones, 229–232
– topography, 221
– upwelling, 220–223
– vertical flux, 226
indicator taxa, 454
indirect development, 387
Indonesian Archipelago, 45
Indonesian Intermediate Water, 274
Indonesian Seas, 266, 272–274, 286
– bathymetry, 273
– characteristics, 262
– circulation, 274
– evaporation, 261
– fauna, 286
– hydrography, 273, 274
– morphology, 272, 273
– peripheral seas, 261
– primary production, 274
– sediments, 274
– vertical flux, 274
Indus River, 179, 220
infertility, 430
interannual variation, 137, 157, 325, 336, 352, 353
interface feeders, 339, 342, 343
– switch to suspension feeding, 342
interfacial fluxes, 366
intermediate particles, 320, 327
– importance as food source to benthic community, 320
Intermediate Water, 115, 182
– Antarctic, 48, 223, 269
– Indian Ocean, 223
– Indonesian, 274
– Levantine (Mediterranean Sea), 263, 264
– North Pacific, 273
– Sea of Japan, 275, 276
internal tidal currents, 330
internal waves, 41, 326, 329, 340, 431
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), 439
International Economic Order, 458
International Indian Ocean Expedition (IIOE), 219
International Maritime Organization (IMO), 432, 435
International Seabed Authority (ISA), 454, 455, 459, 460
International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, 459
International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural
Resources (IUCNNR), 460
Internationale Naturschutzakademie Insel Vilm, 461
Interoceanmetal Benthic Impact Experiment (IOM-BIE), 454
Interoceanmetal Joint Organization (IOM-BIE), 454
Intertropical Convergence Zones (ITCZ), 65
invasion of the deep sea, 475
IOM-BIE (Interoceanmetal Benthic Impact Experiment), 454
Ionian Basin (Mediterranean Sea), 262, 266, 282
ionic regulation, 73
ipnopids, 156
IRA (impact reference area), 460
Irish Sea, 428
iron limitation, 48, 50, 253
ISA (International Seabed Authority), 459
isopods (see also Isopoda in Systematic Index)
– as scavengers, 357
– Atlantic Ocean, 125
– – Northwest African margin, 140
– – Puerto Rico Trench, 131
– – Rockall Trough, 134
– brooding, 388
– deep-sea species, 16
– distribution, 25
– diversity
– – effects of latitude, 302
– – poleward decreases, 301
– effects of sampling gear, 13
– eggs, 388
– eyes, 8
– geographical distribution, 24
– gigantism, 24
– Gulf of Mexico, 285
– latitudinal cline, 247
– marsupium, 389
– necrophages, 152
– Norwegian Sea, 298
– reproduction, 388
– seasonality, 134
– sex ratio, 389
– size class, 11
– Southern Ocean, 254, 255
– – phylogenetic analysis, 255
– species distribution, 254
– using xenophyophore tests as habitat, 210
– Venezuela Basin (Caribbean Sea), 284
isostatic depression, 249
isotope ratios, 52
isotopes, 100
iteroparity, 408
IUCNNR (International Union for the Conservation of Nature
and Natural Resources), 460
Jamaica Rise (Caribbean Sea), 268
Jan Mayen Island (Atlantic Ocean), 132
– biomass, 142
– densities, 142
Japan Basin (Sea of Japan), 275
Jaspar Seamount (Pacific Ocean)
– species distribution, 27
Java Trench (Indian Ocean), 220