GENERAL INDEX
535
– protobranch bivalves, 339
feeding rates, 339
feeding traces, 201, 234, 343
– deposit feeders, 343
– echiuran worms, 345
feeding types
– categorization, 313
– changes with depth, 22
– croppers, 22, 23, 26
– crustaceans, 281
– effects of hydrodynamics, 339, 340
– mucous-sheet feeding, 20
Feni Drift (Atlantic Ocean), 117, 118
Feni Ridge (Atlantic Ocean), 134
ferromanganese concretions, 184, 225, 447
ferromanganese nodules, 446, 447
ferrous sulphide, 268
fertilization, 382, 385, 404, 410–412
– echinoderms, 398, 401
– internal, 411
– molluscs, 395
Fieberling Guyot, 180
Fiji Back-Arc Basin, 393
filter feeders, 94
– Atlantic Ocean, 127
– seamounts, 210
fin whales, 282
Findlater jet, 67
fine particles, 319, 326, 328
– aggregation, 319
– biological repackaging, 319
– clay, 326
– lithogenic, 327
– sinking rate, 319
fish, 125, 152, 280, 332, 354, 451
– as scavengers, 357, 475
– AUDOS experiments, 153
– benthopelagic, 317
– blood, 73
– bottom-dwelling, 155
– carcasses as food supply, 166
– carcasses used in enrichment experiments, 166
– Caribbean Sea, 284
– ceratioid, 58
– counter shading, 55
– demersal fish, see demersal fish
– diversity, 156
– faunal boundary, 71
– low species richness, 70
– Mediterranean Sea, 280, 281
– mesopelagic zone, 56
– myctophid, 60, 61
– necrophages, 153
– Pacific Ocean, 186
– physiological changes with depth, 58
– preying on scavengers, 358
– Red Sea, 283
– remains, 281
– respiration rates, 29
– Sea of Japan, 287
– sexual dimorphism, 58
– sharks, 281
– stomiatoid, 58
– Typhlonus nasus, 286
– vertical migration, 60
fish stocks, deep-water, 456
fisheries, 3, 452
– deep-water, 460
– sustainable, 456
fishing, 431, 456
flabelliferans
– diversity, 302
– relationship between diversity and latitude, 303
flagellates, 189, 231, 324
– activity in decomposing phytodetritus, 154
floating riser, 442
Flores Sea (Indonesia), 274, 286
Florida Escarpment
– autochthonous communities, 284
– Bathymodiolus, 285
– chemosynthetic communities, 285
– seeps, 82, 94
– – species distribution, 85, 286
Florida Strait (Atlantic Ocean), 123, 161
flow rate affecting biomass, 339
flow regimes, 342
flux stability index, 321
Foix submarine canyon (Mediterranean Sea), 265
food chains, 358
– effects of sewage sludge dumping, 443
– midwater, 317
– midwater organisms, 316
– organochlorine compounds, 430
– patchiness in detrital deposition affecting number of linkages,
361
– stability of, 361
food falls
– large, 354, 363
– seagrass, 354
food flux, 120
food supply, 113, 120, 166, 315, 410, 416
– carcasses, 354–359
– – effect on background community, 358
– discarded by-catch, 355
– dissolved organic carbon (DOM), 359, 360
– effect on life-history traits, 405
– effects on fecundity, 410
– effects on megafauna, 158
– effects on reproduction, 410
– episodic, 350, 351
– – response to interannual variability, 352, 353
– – responses by predators, 352
– hoarding, 352
– kelp, 354
– larval development, 416
– larval migration, 415
– Pacific Ocean, 185
– patchiness, 348
535
– protobranch bivalves, 339
feeding rates, 339
feeding traces, 201, 234, 343
– deposit feeders, 343
– echiuran worms, 345
feeding types
– categorization, 313
– changes with depth, 22
– croppers, 22, 23, 26
– crustaceans, 281
– effects of hydrodynamics, 339, 340
– mucous-sheet feeding, 20
Feni Drift (Atlantic Ocean), 117, 118
Feni Ridge (Atlantic Ocean), 134
ferromanganese concretions, 184, 225, 447
ferromanganese nodules, 446, 447
ferrous sulphide, 268
fertilization, 382, 385, 404, 410–412
– echinoderms, 398, 401
– internal, 411
– molluscs, 395
Fieberling Guyot, 180
Fiji Back-Arc Basin, 393
filter feeders, 94
– Atlantic Ocean, 127
– seamounts, 210
fin whales, 282
Findlater jet, 67
fine particles, 319, 326, 328
– aggregation, 319
– biological repackaging, 319
– clay, 326
– lithogenic, 327
– sinking rate, 319
fish, 125, 152, 280, 332, 354, 451
– as scavengers, 357, 475
– AUDOS experiments, 153
– benthopelagic, 317
– blood, 73
– bottom-dwelling, 155
– carcasses as food supply, 166
– carcasses used in enrichment experiments, 166
– Caribbean Sea, 284
– ceratioid, 58
– counter shading, 55
– demersal fish, see demersal fish
– diversity, 156
– faunal boundary, 71
– low species richness, 70
– Mediterranean Sea, 280, 281
– mesopelagic zone, 56
– myctophid, 60, 61
– necrophages, 153
– Pacific Ocean, 186
– physiological changes with depth, 58
– preying on scavengers, 358
– Red Sea, 283
– remains, 281
– respiration rates, 29
– Sea of Japan, 287
– sexual dimorphism, 58
– sharks, 281
– stomiatoid, 58
– Typhlonus nasus, 286
– vertical migration, 60
fish stocks, deep-water, 456
fisheries, 3, 452
– deep-water, 460
– sustainable, 456
fishing, 431, 456
flabelliferans
– diversity, 302
– relationship between diversity and latitude, 303
flagellates, 189, 231, 324
– activity in decomposing phytodetritus, 154
floating riser, 442
Flores Sea (Indonesia), 274, 286
Florida Escarpment
– autochthonous communities, 284
– Bathymodiolus, 285
– chemosynthetic communities, 285
– seeps, 82, 94
– – species distribution, 85, 286
Florida Strait (Atlantic Ocean), 123, 161
flow rate affecting biomass, 339
flow regimes, 342
flux stability index, 321
Foix submarine canyon (Mediterranean Sea), 265
food chains, 358
– effects of sewage sludge dumping, 443
– midwater, 317
– midwater organisms, 316
– organochlorine compounds, 430
– patchiness in detrital deposition affecting number of linkages,
361
– stability of, 361
food falls
– large, 354, 363
– seagrass, 354
food flux, 120
food supply, 113, 120, 166, 315, 410, 416
– carcasses, 354–359
– – effect on background community, 358
– discarded by-catch, 355
– dissolved organic carbon (DOM), 359, 360
– effect on life-history traits, 405
– effects on fecundity, 410
– effects on megafauna, 158
– effects on reproduction, 410
– episodic, 350, 351
– – response to interannual variability, 352, 353
– – responses by predators, 352
– hoarding, 352
– kelp, 354
– larval development, 416
– larval migration, 415
– Pacific Ocean, 185
– patchiness, 348