GENERAL INDEX
523
Bay of Biscay (Atlantic Ocean), 51, 132, 138, 139
– animal traces, 155
– biogenic traces, 138
– biomass, 135, 145
– cnidarian reproduction, 403
– colonization studies, 165
– echinoderms, 141
– exploration
– – Biologie du Golfe de Gascogne (BIOGAS), 138, 139, 152
– – Travailleur and Talisman campaigns, 138
– faunal densities, 138, 139, 145
– meiofauna, 139
– – densities, 139
– necrophages, 152
– nuclear waste dumping, 437
– sampling, 138
– seasonality, 121, 139
– sediment traps, 333
– sediments, 139
– terrigenous input, 138
Bay of Naples (Mediterranean Sea)
– isopods, 25
– seasonal sampling, 64
beam trawl, 138
Beata Ridge (Caribbean Sea), 268
bedforms, 225, 326
Bellingshausen Sea (Southern Ocean), 252
BENGAL study site (Atlantic Ocean), 114, 141, 323
– feeding types, 347, 351, 358, 361
– food web studies, 347
– interannual changes in population abundance, 352
– stable isotope studies, 342
– variations in fauna composition, 150
Benguela Current (Atlantic Ocean), 116
Benguela Region, 60
benthic abundance, 365
benthic biomass, 330, 340, 365
– decline with depth, 365
– global distribution of, 314
– large-scale patterns, 317
benthic boundary layer, 315, 317, 327, 331, 340, 341, 364
– critical erosion velocity, 328
– definition, 41, 59
– high-energy, 139
benthic boundary layer community, 332–353, 362, 365
– episodic food inputs, 350, 351
– metabolic rates, 333
benthic chambers, 334, 335, 349, 360
benthic community, 319, 365, 439
– alterations, 432
– differences in composition in relation to mass deposition, 322
– episodic inputs of organic matter, 113
– larger size classes
– – deposit feeders, 343–348
– – feeding types, 340–342
– – growth rates, 349, 350
– – responses to episodic food supply, 351, 352
– – secondary production, 350
– monitoring, 349
– respiratory demand, 348, 349
– small size classes, 336
– – bacteria, fungi flagellates and meiofauna, 333
– – biomass of, 336
– – metabolic activity, 336
– – reaction to seabed detritus, 337
– – response to mass deposition, 338, 339
benthic impact experiments, 453, 454
benthic invertebrates, 155
benthic lander, 160, 334
benthic megafauna
– interannual changes in population abundance, 352
benthic mixed layer, 340
benthic nepheloid layer, 326
benthic oxygen demand, 364
benthic sediment community, 332
– dependency on episodic versus continuous, low-level particle
flux, 332
benthic storms, 2, 9, 59, 67, 113, 115, 117, 125, 163, 164, 225,
326, 329, 364, 366, 410, 474
– effects on population size structure, 366
benthopelagic assemblage, 443
– effects of waste disposal, 445
benthopelagic bacteria, 333, 334
benthopelagic biomass
– decline with depth, 365
benthopelagic community, 317, 332
benthopelagic coupling, 119–123, 314, 336
benthopelagic dissolution, 118
benthopelagic fauna, 332
– classification, 334
benthopelagic fish, 317, 358, 361
benthopelagic predators, 317
benthopelagic zone
– characteristics, 59
benthopelagic zooplankton, 334
– gut contents, 334
– respiratory demand, 334
Bering land bridge, 247
Bering Sea, 179
Bering Strait (Arctic Ocean), 48, 240, 243
Bermuda, 2
– brittle star distribution, 25
Bermuda Rise (Atlantic Ocean), 115
bet hedging theories, 405, 407, 408
Biochemical Ocean Flux Study (BOFS), 121
biodiversity, 2, 61–64
– Bermuda Slope (Atlantic Ocean), 124
– dominance, 62
– estimates, 474
– fishery impacts, 457
– functional basis for, 360
– Mediterranean Sea, 279–282
– Red Sea, 283
– Sea of Japan, 287
– Sea of Okhotsk, 287
– species richness, 61
– Sulu Sea (Indonesian Sea), 286
523
Bay of Biscay (Atlantic Ocean), 51, 132, 138, 139
– animal traces, 155
– biogenic traces, 138
– biomass, 135, 145
– cnidarian reproduction, 403
– colonization studies, 165
– echinoderms, 141
– exploration
– – Biologie du Golfe de Gascogne (BIOGAS), 138, 139, 152
– – Travailleur and Talisman campaigns, 138
– faunal densities, 138, 139, 145
– meiofauna, 139
– – densities, 139
– necrophages, 152
– nuclear waste dumping, 437
– sampling, 138
– seasonality, 121, 139
– sediment traps, 333
– sediments, 139
– terrigenous input, 138
Bay of Naples (Mediterranean Sea)
– isopods, 25
– seasonal sampling, 64
beam trawl, 138
Beata Ridge (Caribbean Sea), 268
bedforms, 225, 326
Bellingshausen Sea (Southern Ocean), 252
BENGAL study site (Atlantic Ocean), 114, 141, 323
– feeding types, 347, 351, 358, 361
– food web studies, 347
– interannual changes in population abundance, 352
– stable isotope studies, 342
– variations in fauna composition, 150
Benguela Current (Atlantic Ocean), 116
Benguela Region, 60
benthic abundance, 365
benthic biomass, 330, 340, 365
– decline with depth, 365
– global distribution of, 314
– large-scale patterns, 317
benthic boundary layer, 315, 317, 327, 331, 340, 341, 364
– critical erosion velocity, 328
– definition, 41, 59
– high-energy, 139
benthic boundary layer community, 332–353, 362, 365
– episodic food inputs, 350, 351
– metabolic rates, 333
benthic chambers, 334, 335, 349, 360
benthic community, 319, 365, 439
– alterations, 432
– differences in composition in relation to mass deposition, 322
– episodic inputs of organic matter, 113
– larger size classes
– – deposit feeders, 343–348
– – feeding types, 340–342
– – growth rates, 349, 350
– – responses to episodic food supply, 351, 352
– – secondary production, 350
– monitoring, 349
– respiratory demand, 348, 349
– small size classes, 336
– – bacteria, fungi flagellates and meiofauna, 333
– – biomass of, 336
– – metabolic activity, 336
– – reaction to seabed detritus, 337
– – response to mass deposition, 338, 339
benthic impact experiments, 453, 454
benthic invertebrates, 155
benthic lander, 160, 334
benthic megafauna
– interannual changes in population abundance, 352
benthic mixed layer, 340
benthic nepheloid layer, 326
benthic oxygen demand, 364
benthic sediment community, 332
– dependency on episodic versus continuous, low-level particle
flux, 332
benthic storms, 2, 9, 59, 67, 113, 115, 117, 125, 163, 164, 225,
326, 329, 364, 366, 410, 474
– effects on population size structure, 366
benthopelagic assemblage, 443
– effects of waste disposal, 445
benthopelagic bacteria, 333, 334
benthopelagic biomass
– decline with depth, 365
benthopelagic community, 317, 332
benthopelagic coupling, 119–123, 314, 336
benthopelagic dissolution, 118
benthopelagic fauna, 332
– classification, 334
benthopelagic fish, 317, 358, 361
benthopelagic predators, 317
benthopelagic zone
– characteristics, 59
benthopelagic zooplankton, 334
– gut contents, 334
– respiratory demand, 334
Bering land bridge, 247
Bering Sea, 179
Bering Strait (Arctic Ocean), 48, 240, 243
Bermuda, 2
– brittle star distribution, 25
Bermuda Rise (Atlantic Ocean), 115
bet hedging theories, 405, 407, 408
Biochemical Ocean Flux Study (BOFS), 121
biodiversity, 2, 61–64
– Bermuda Slope (Atlantic Ocean), 124
– dominance, 62
– estimates, 474
– fishery impacts, 457
– functional basis for, 360
– Mediterranean Sea, 279–282
– Red Sea, 283
– Sea of Japan, 287
– Sea of Okhotsk, 287
– species richness, 61
– Sulu Sea (Indonesian Sea), 286