522
GENERAL INDEX
autochthonous communities (cont’d)
– Gulf of Mexico, 285, 286
– – seep mussel Bathymodiolus, 285
– – vestimentiferans, 285
autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), 334, 335, 355, 441, 475
AUV, see autonomous underwater vehicle
Aves Ridge (Caribbean Sea), 268, 270, 283
azoic theory, 1, 112
Azores Front, 60
Azores (Portugal), 460
Bab al Mandab (Red Sea), 49, 267, 283
Bacan (or Batjan) Basin (Indonesia), 272
bacteria
– aggregate transported, 331
– as food for larvae, 415
– as food source, 318
– Atlantic Ocean, 125, 131
– attached to particles, 342
– barophilic, 121, 154, 314, 333, 337
– – in scavenging amphipods, 356
– – oxygen consumption, 337
– – symbiotic, 344
– barotolerant, 154, 332, 344
– Beggiatoa mats, 355, 474
– bioluminescence, 44
– chemoautotrophic, 355
– colonizing organic detritus, 338
– effects of mining, 454
– effects on densities, 157
– free-living, 320, 359
– gut, 320
– heterotrophic, 316, 359
– hyperthermophilic, 89
– increased importance with depth, 157
– mats of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, 199
– methano-, 443
– nitrate-reducing, 334
– oxygen minimum zones, 231, 232
– particles as habitat, 332
– phytodetritus, 324
– pressure inhibited, 314
– reaction to phytodetritus, 336
– seasonality, 155
– sediment community oxygen consumption (SCOC), 158
– sulphate-reducing, 334
– sulphur, 443, 450
– surface-living, 319
– suspended, 316
– symbiotic, 342–345, 347
bacterial biomass, 123, 154
bacterial organic carbon, 331
bacterioplankton, 332, 334, 359
– metabolic rates, 333
– respiratory demand, 334
Bahamas, 383, 386, 398, 399, 401, 408, 410
– echinoderms, 401, 402
– sponge species diversity, 27
bait experiments, 358
baited cameras, 151, 152, 355–358
– BATHYSNACK, 152
baited traps, 151, 152, 356
Balearic Sea (Mediterranean Sea), 263
Baltimore Canyon (Atlantic Ocean), 127
Banda Sea (Indonesia), 226, 272–274
– sampling, 286
Barbados Accretionary Prism
– host–symbiont associations, 94
– mud volcanoes, 84
– mussels, 89
– seeps, 82, 94
– – age of, 86
– – species distribution, 85
Barents Sea (Arctic Ocean), 240
– contamination, 431
– nuclear waste, 439
– pigments, 132
– radiation, 428
barium, 51
bark, see wood
barnacles (see also Cirripedia in Systematic Index)
– brooding, 389
– gigantism, 287
– gonads, 389
– growth rates, 30, 349
– suspension feeders, 20
Barnett–Watson multiple corer, 121, 136
barophilic bacteria, 121, 154
barophilic flagellates, 123
barotolerant bacteria, 154
baseline studies for impact assessment, 454
batch reactors, models of digestion, 356
bathyal mud assemblage, 279
– Mediterranean Sea, 279
bathymetry
– bathymetric gradients of species diversity, 296
– bathymetric profiles, 75
– – ostracods, 62
– bathymetric zonation of isopods, 249
– Caribbean Sea, 269
– Gulf of Mexico, 271
– Indonesian Seas, 273
– Red Sea, 267
– Sea of Japan, 275
– Sea of Okhotsk, 277
bathymodiolids, 88, 89, 94, 95, 98, 285, 286, 384, 393, 395
bathypelagic organisms, 317
bathypelagic zone
– characteristics, 57, 58
– species distribution, 57, 58
Bay of Bengal (Indian Ocean), 48, 219, 220, 234
– biogenic features, 234
– downslope processes, 220
– oxygen, 223
– oxygen minimum zones, 227
– production, 234
– river discharge, 224, 225, 233
– species distribution, 234
GENERAL INDEX
autochthonous communities (cont’d)
– Gulf of Mexico, 285, 286
– – seep mussel Bathymodiolus, 285
– – vestimentiferans, 285
autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), 334, 335, 355, 441, 475
AUV, see autonomous underwater vehicle
Aves Ridge (Caribbean Sea), 268, 270, 283
azoic theory, 1, 112
Azores Front, 60
Azores (Portugal), 460
Bab al Mandab (Red Sea), 49, 267, 283
Bacan (or Batjan) Basin (Indonesia), 272
bacteria
– aggregate transported, 331
– as food for larvae, 415
– as food source, 318
– Atlantic Ocean, 125, 131
– attached to particles, 342
– barophilic, 121, 154, 314, 333, 337
– – in scavenging amphipods, 356
– – oxygen consumption, 337
– – symbiotic, 344
– barotolerant, 154, 332, 344
– Beggiatoa mats, 355, 474
– bioluminescence, 44
– chemoautotrophic, 355
– colonizing organic detritus, 338
– effects of mining, 454
– effects on densities, 157
– free-living, 320, 359
– gut, 320
– heterotrophic, 316, 359
– hyperthermophilic, 89
– increased importance with depth, 157
– mats of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, 199
– methano-, 443
– nitrate-reducing, 334
– oxygen minimum zones, 231, 232
– particles as habitat, 332
– phytodetritus, 324
– pressure inhibited, 314
– reaction to phytodetritus, 336
– seasonality, 155
– sediment community oxygen consumption (SCOC), 158
– sulphate-reducing, 334
– sulphur, 443, 450
– surface-living, 319
– suspended, 316
– symbiotic, 342–345, 347
bacterial biomass, 123, 154
bacterial organic carbon, 331
bacterioplankton, 332, 334, 359
– metabolic rates, 333
– respiratory demand, 334
Bahamas, 383, 386, 398, 399, 401, 408, 410
– echinoderms, 401, 402
– sponge species diversity, 27
bait experiments, 358
baited cameras, 151, 152, 355–358
– BATHYSNACK, 152
baited traps, 151, 152, 356
Balearic Sea (Mediterranean Sea), 263
Baltimore Canyon (Atlantic Ocean), 127
Banda Sea (Indonesia), 226, 272–274
– sampling, 286
Barbados Accretionary Prism
– host–symbiont associations, 94
– mud volcanoes, 84
– mussels, 89
– seeps, 82, 94
– – age of, 86
– – species distribution, 85
Barents Sea (Arctic Ocean), 240
– contamination, 431
– nuclear waste, 439
– pigments, 132
– radiation, 428
barium, 51
bark, see wood
barnacles (see also Cirripedia in Systematic Index)
– brooding, 389
– gigantism, 287
– gonads, 389
– growth rates, 30, 349
– suspension feeders, 20
Barnett–Watson multiple corer, 121, 136
barophilic bacteria, 121, 154
barophilic flagellates, 123
barotolerant bacteria, 154
baseline studies for impact assessment, 454
batch reactors, models of digestion, 356
bathyal mud assemblage, 279
– Mediterranean Sea, 279
bathymetry
– bathymetric gradients of species diversity, 296
– bathymetric profiles, 75
– – ostracods, 62
– bathymetric zonation of isopods, 249
– Caribbean Sea, 269
– Gulf of Mexico, 271
– Indonesian Seas, 273
– Red Sea, 267
– Sea of Japan, 275
– Sea of Okhotsk, 277
bathymodiolids, 88, 89, 94, 95, 98, 285, 286, 384, 393, 395
bathypelagic organisms, 317
bathypelagic zone
– characteristics, 57, 58
– species distribution, 57, 58
Bay of Bengal (Indian Ocean), 48, 219, 220, 234
– biogenic features, 234
– downslope processes, 220
– oxygen, 223
– oxygen minimum zones, 227
– production, 234
– river discharge, 224, 225, 233
– species distribution, 234