418
Craig M. YOUNG
biology of Colus jeffreysianus (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia) from
2200 m in the NE Atlantic. J. Molluscan Stud., 52: 45−54.
Colman, J.G., Tyler, P.A. and Gage, J.D., 1986b. Larval development
of deep-sea gastropods (Prosobranchia: Neogastropoda) from the
Rockall Trough. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK, 66: 951−965.
Company, J.B. and Sard` a, F., 1997. Reproductive patterns and
population characteristics in five deep-water pandalid shrimps in
the Western Mediterranean along a depth gradient (150–1100 m).
Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 148: 49−58.
Comtet, T. and Desbruy` eres, D., 1998. Population structure and
recruitment in mytilid bivalves from the Lucky Strike and Menez
Gwen hydrothermal fields (37º17 N and 37º50 N) on the MidAtlantic Ridge. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 163: 165−177.
Comtet, T., Le Pennec, M. and Desbruy` eres, D., 1999. Evidence of
a sexual pause in Bathymodiolus azoricus (Bivalvia: Mytilidae)
from hydrothermal vents of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. J. Mar. Biol.
Assoc. UK, 79: 1149−1150.
Cordes, E.E., Nybakken, J.W. and VanDykhuizen, G., 2001.
Reproduction and growth of Anthomastus ritteri (Octocorallia:
Alcyonacea) from Monterey Bay, California, U.S.A. Mar. Biol.,
138: 491−501.
Craddock, C., Lutz, R.A. and Vrijenhoek, R.C., 1997. Patterns of
dispersal and larval development of archaeogastropod limpets at
hydrothermal vents in the eastern Pacific. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.,
210: 37−51.
Creasey, S., Rogers, A.D., Tyler, P.A., Young, C.M. and Gage, J.D.,
1997. The population biology and genetics of the deep-sea spider
crab, Encephaloides armstrongi Wood-Mason 1891 (Decapoda:
Majidae). Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London Ser. B, 352: 365−379.
Danielssen, D.C. and Koren, J., 1884. Pennatulida. In: Den Norske
Nordhavs-Expedition 1876–1878 Zoologi, Part 12, with 12 plates
and 1 map. Grøndahl Bogtrykkeri, Cristiania, Norway, pp. 1–83.
Davidson, T., 1880. Brachiopoda. Reports of the Scientific Research
of the Voyage of HMS Challenger, Zoology, 1(1): 1−67. 4 Plates.
Deevey, E.S., 1947. Life tables of natural populations of animals.
Q. Rev. Biol., 22: 283−314.
Demestre, M. and Fortu˜ no, J.-M., 1992. Reproduction of the deepwater shrimp Aristeus antenatus (Decapoda: Dendrobranchiata).
Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 84: 41−51.
Desbruy` eres, D., Bevas, J.Y. and Khripounoff, A., 1980. Un cas
de colonisation rapide d’une s´ ediment profond. Oceanol. Acta, 3:
285−291.
Ebert, T.A., 1982. Longevity, life history, and relative body wall size
in sea urchins. Ecol. Monogr., 52: 353−394.
Eckelbarger, K.J., 1986. Vitellogenic mechanisms and the allocation
of energy to offspring in polychaetes. Bull. Mar. Sci., 39:
426−443.
Eckelbarger, K.J., 1994a. Diversity of metazoan ovaries and
vitellogenic mechanisms: implications for life history theory. Proc.
Biol. Soc. Wash., 107: 193−218.
Eckelbarger, K.J., 1994b. Ultrastructural features of gonads
and gametes in deep-sea invertebrates. In: C.M. Young and
K.J. Eckelbarger (Editors), Reproduction, Larval Biology and
Recruitment of the Deep-Sea Benthos. Columbia University Press,
New York, pp. 137–157.
Eckelbarger, K.J. and Watling, L., 1995. Role of phylogenetic
constraints in determining reproductive patterns in deep-sea
invertebrates. Invert. Biol., 114: 256−269.
Eckelbarger, K.J. and Young, C.M., 1992. Ovarian ultrastructure and
vitellogenesis in ten species of shallow-water and bathyal sea
cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). J. Mar. Biol. Assoc.
UK, 72: 759−781.
Eckelbarger, K.J. and Young, C.M., 1999. Ultrastructure of
gametogenesis in a chemosynthetic mytilid bivalve (Bathymodiolus
childressi) from a bathyal, methane seep environment (northern
Gulf of Mexico). Mar. Biol., 135: 635−646.
Eckelbarger, K.J. and Young, C.M., 2002. Spermiogenesis and
modified sperm morphology in the “seepworm” Methanoaricia
dendrobranchiata (Polychaeta: Orbiniidae) from a methane seep
environment in the Gulf of Mexico: implications for fertilization
biology. Biol. Bull., 203: 134−143.
Eckelbarger, K.J., Young, C.M. and Cameron, J.L., 1989a. Modified
sperm ultrastructure in four species of soft-bodied echinoids
(Echinodermata: Echinothuriidae) from the bathyal zone of the
deep sea. Biol. Bull., 177: 230−236.
Eckelbarger, K.J., Young, C.M. and Cameron, J.L., 1989b.
Ultrastructure and development of dimorphic sperm in the abyssal
echinoid Phrissocystis multispina (Echinodermata: Echioidea):
impliations for deep-sea reproductive biology. Biol. Bull., 176:
257−271.
Eckelbarger, K.J., Young, C.M. and Cameron, J.L., 1989c. Modified
sperm in echinoderms from the bathyal and abyssal zones of
the deep sea. In: J. Ryland and P.A. Tyler (Editors), 23rd
European Marine Biology Symposium: Reproduction, Genetics
and Distributions of Marine Organisms. Olsen and Olsen,
Fredensborg, Denmark, pp. 67–74.
Eckelbarger, K.J., Tyler, P.A. and Langton, R.W., 1998. Gonadal
morphology and gametogenesis in the sea pen Pennatula aculeata
(Anthozoa: Pennatulacea) from the Gulf of Maine. Mar. Biol., 123:
677−690.
Eckelbarger, K.J., Young, C.M., Ramirez Llodra, E., Brooke, S.
and Tyler, P.A., 2001. Gametogenesis, spawning behavior, and
early development in the “iceworm” Hesiocaeca methanicola
(Polychaeta: Hesionidae) from methane hydrates in the Gulf of
Mexico. Mar. Biol., 138: 761−775.
Eichler, P., 1911. Die Brachiopoden der deutschen Sudpolar
Expedition. Dtsch. Sudp. Exped. Bd. Xii Zool. Iv. Bd., with 3 plates,
pp. 384–385.
Emson, R.H., Young, C.M. and Paterson, G.L.J., 1993. A fire worm
with a sheltered life: studies of Benthoscolex cubanus Hartman
(Amphinomidae), an internal associate of the bathyal sea urchin
Archaeopneustes hystrix (A. Agassiz, 1880). J. Nat. Hist., 27:
1013−1028.
Epifanio, C.E., Perovich, G., Dittel, A.I. and Cary, S.C., 1999.
Development and behavior of megalopa larvae and juveniles of the
hydrothermal vent crab Bythograea thermydron. Mar. Ecol. Prog.
Ser., 185: 147−154.
Erdman, R.B., Blake, N.J., Lindberg, W.J., Lockhart, F.D., Perry,
H.M. and Waller, R.S., 1991. Comparative reproduction of the
deep-sea crabs Chaceon fenneri and C. quinquedens (Brachyura:
Geryonidae) from the northeast Gulf of Mexico. Invertebr. Reprod.
Dev., 19: 175−184.
Etter, R.J. and Caswell, H., 1994. The advantages of dispersal
in a patchy environment: effects of disturbance in a cellular
automaton model. In: C.M. Young and K.J. Eckelbarger (Editors),
Reproduction, Larval Biology and Recruitment of the Deep-Sea
Benthos. Columbia University Press, New York, pp. 284–305.
Etter, R.J. and Rex, M.A., 1990. Population differentiation
Craig M. YOUNG
biology of Colus jeffreysianus (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia) from
2200 m in the NE Atlantic. J. Molluscan Stud., 52: 45−54.
Colman, J.G., Tyler, P.A. and Gage, J.D., 1986b. Larval development
of deep-sea gastropods (Prosobranchia: Neogastropoda) from the
Rockall Trough. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK, 66: 951−965.
Company, J.B. and Sard` a, F., 1997. Reproductive patterns and
population characteristics in five deep-water pandalid shrimps in
the Western Mediterranean along a depth gradient (150–1100 m).
Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 148: 49−58.
Comtet, T. and Desbruy` eres, D., 1998. Population structure and
recruitment in mytilid bivalves from the Lucky Strike and Menez
Gwen hydrothermal fields (37º17 N and 37º50 N) on the MidAtlantic Ridge. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 163: 165−177.
Comtet, T., Le Pennec, M. and Desbruy` eres, D., 1999. Evidence of
a sexual pause in Bathymodiolus azoricus (Bivalvia: Mytilidae)
from hydrothermal vents of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. J. Mar. Biol.
Assoc. UK, 79: 1149−1150.
Cordes, E.E., Nybakken, J.W. and VanDykhuizen, G., 2001.
Reproduction and growth of Anthomastus ritteri (Octocorallia:
Alcyonacea) from Monterey Bay, California, U.S.A. Mar. Biol.,
138: 491−501.
Craddock, C., Lutz, R.A. and Vrijenhoek, R.C., 1997. Patterns of
dispersal and larval development of archaeogastropod limpets at
hydrothermal vents in the eastern Pacific. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.,
210: 37−51.
Creasey, S., Rogers, A.D., Tyler, P.A., Young, C.M. and Gage, J.D.,
1997. The population biology and genetics of the deep-sea spider
crab, Encephaloides armstrongi Wood-Mason 1891 (Decapoda:
Majidae). Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London Ser. B, 352: 365−379.
Danielssen, D.C. and Koren, J., 1884. Pennatulida. In: Den Norske
Nordhavs-Expedition 1876–1878 Zoologi, Part 12, with 12 plates
and 1 map. Grøndahl Bogtrykkeri, Cristiania, Norway, pp. 1–83.
Davidson, T., 1880. Brachiopoda. Reports of the Scientific Research
of the Voyage of HMS Challenger, Zoology, 1(1): 1−67. 4 Plates.
Deevey, E.S., 1947. Life tables of natural populations of animals.
Q. Rev. Biol., 22: 283−314.
Demestre, M. and Fortu˜ no, J.-M., 1992. Reproduction of the deepwater shrimp Aristeus antenatus (Decapoda: Dendrobranchiata).
Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 84: 41−51.
Desbruy` eres, D., Bevas, J.Y. and Khripounoff, A., 1980. Un cas
de colonisation rapide d’une s´ ediment profond. Oceanol. Acta, 3:
285−291.
Ebert, T.A., 1982. Longevity, life history, and relative body wall size
in sea urchins. Ecol. Monogr., 52: 353−394.
Eckelbarger, K.J., 1986. Vitellogenic mechanisms and the allocation
of energy to offspring in polychaetes. Bull. Mar. Sci., 39:
426−443.
Eckelbarger, K.J., 1994a. Diversity of metazoan ovaries and
vitellogenic mechanisms: implications for life history theory. Proc.
Biol. Soc. Wash., 107: 193−218.
Eckelbarger, K.J., 1994b. Ultrastructural features of gonads
and gametes in deep-sea invertebrates. In: C.M. Young and
K.J. Eckelbarger (Editors), Reproduction, Larval Biology and
Recruitment of the Deep-Sea Benthos. Columbia University Press,
New York, pp. 137–157.
Eckelbarger, K.J. and Watling, L., 1995. Role of phylogenetic
constraints in determining reproductive patterns in deep-sea
invertebrates. Invert. Biol., 114: 256−269.
Eckelbarger, K.J. and Young, C.M., 1992. Ovarian ultrastructure and
vitellogenesis in ten species of shallow-water and bathyal sea
cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). J. Mar. Biol. Assoc.
UK, 72: 759−781.
Eckelbarger, K.J. and Young, C.M., 1999. Ultrastructure of
gametogenesis in a chemosynthetic mytilid bivalve (Bathymodiolus
childressi) from a bathyal, methane seep environment (northern
Gulf of Mexico). Mar. Biol., 135: 635−646.
Eckelbarger, K.J. and Young, C.M., 2002. Spermiogenesis and
modified sperm morphology in the “seepworm” Methanoaricia
dendrobranchiata (Polychaeta: Orbiniidae) from a methane seep
environment in the Gulf of Mexico: implications for fertilization
biology. Biol. Bull., 203: 134−143.
Eckelbarger, K.J., Young, C.M. and Cameron, J.L., 1989a. Modified
sperm ultrastructure in four species of soft-bodied echinoids
(Echinodermata: Echinothuriidae) from the bathyal zone of the
deep sea. Biol. Bull., 177: 230−236.
Eckelbarger, K.J., Young, C.M. and Cameron, J.L., 1989b.
Ultrastructure and development of dimorphic sperm in the abyssal
echinoid Phrissocystis multispina (Echinodermata: Echioidea):
impliations for deep-sea reproductive biology. Biol. Bull., 176:
257−271.
Eckelbarger, K.J., Young, C.M. and Cameron, J.L., 1989c. Modified
sperm in echinoderms from the bathyal and abyssal zones of
the deep sea. In: J. Ryland and P.A. Tyler (Editors), 23rd
European Marine Biology Symposium: Reproduction, Genetics
and Distributions of Marine Organisms. Olsen and Olsen,
Fredensborg, Denmark, pp. 67–74.
Eckelbarger, K.J., Tyler, P.A. and Langton, R.W., 1998. Gonadal
morphology and gametogenesis in the sea pen Pennatula aculeata
(Anthozoa: Pennatulacea) from the Gulf of Maine. Mar. Biol., 123:
677−690.
Eckelbarger, K.J., Young, C.M., Ramirez Llodra, E., Brooke, S.
and Tyler, P.A., 2001. Gametogenesis, spawning behavior, and
early development in the “iceworm” Hesiocaeca methanicola
(Polychaeta: Hesionidae) from methane hydrates in the Gulf of
Mexico. Mar. Biol., 138: 761−775.
Eichler, P., 1911. Die Brachiopoden der deutschen Sudpolar
Expedition. Dtsch. Sudp. Exped. Bd. Xii Zool. Iv. Bd., with 3 plates,
pp. 384–385.
Emson, R.H., Young, C.M. and Paterson, G.L.J., 1993. A fire worm
with a sheltered life: studies of Benthoscolex cubanus Hartman
(Amphinomidae), an internal associate of the bathyal sea urchin
Archaeopneustes hystrix (A. Agassiz, 1880). J. Nat. Hist., 27:
1013−1028.
Epifanio, C.E., Perovich, G., Dittel, A.I. and Cary, S.C., 1999.
Development and behavior of megalopa larvae and juveniles of the
hydrothermal vent crab Bythograea thermydron. Mar. Ecol. Prog.
Ser., 185: 147−154.
Erdman, R.B., Blake, N.J., Lindberg, W.J., Lockhart, F.D., Perry,
H.M. and Waller, R.S., 1991. Comparative reproduction of the
deep-sea crabs Chaceon fenneri and C. quinquedens (Brachyura:
Geryonidae) from the northeast Gulf of Mexico. Invertebr. Reprod.
Dev., 19: 175−184.
Etter, R.J. and Caswell, H., 1994. The advantages of dispersal
in a patchy environment: effects of disturbance in a cellular
automaton model. In: C.M. Young and K.J. Eckelbarger (Editors),
Reproduction, Larval Biology and Recruitment of the Deep-Sea
Benthos. Columbia University Press, New York, pp. 284–305.
Etter, R.J. and Rex, M.A., 1990. Population differentiation