FOOD INPUTS, UTILIZATION, CARBON FLOW AND ENERGETICS
369
Butman, C.A., Carlton, J.T. and Palumbi, S.R., 1994. Whaling effects
on deep-sea biodiversity. Conserv. Biol., 9(2): 462−464.
Cacchione, D.A. and Wunsch, C., 1973. Experimental study of
internal waves over a slope. J. Fluid Mech., 66: 223−239.
Cacchione, D.A., Rowe, G.T. and Malahoff, A., 1978. Submersible
investigation of the outer Hudson submarine canyon. In:
D.J. Stanley and G. Kelling (Editors), Sedimentation in Submarine
Canyons, Fans and Trenches. Dowden, Hutchinson and Ross,
Stroudsberg, PA, pp. 42–50.
Cahet, G., Daumas, R. and Sibuet, M., 1990. In situ
experimentation at the water/sediment interface in the deep sea:
2. Biotransformation of dissolved organic substrates by microbial
communities at 2000 m depth in the Bay of Biscay. Prog.
Oceanogr., 24: 169−178.
Cahoon, L.B., Laws, R.A. and Thomas, C.J., 1994. Viable diatoms
and chlorophyll a in continental slope sediments off Cape Hatteras,
North Carolina. Deep-Sea Res. II, 41: 767−782.
Cammen, L.M., 1980. Ingestion rate: an empirical model for aquatic
deposit feeders and detritivores. Oecologia, 44: 303−310.
Campos-Creasey, L.S., Tyler, P.A., Gage, J.D. and John, A.W.G.,
1994. Evidence for coupling the vertical flux of phytodetritus to
the diet and seasonal life history of the deep-sea echinoid Echinus
affinis. Deep-Sea Res. I, 41: 369−388.
Cartes, J.E., 1998. Dynamics of the bathyal Benthic Boundary Layer
in the northwestern Mediterranean: depth and temporal variations
in macrofaunal–megafaunal communities and their possible
connnections within deep-sea trophic webs. Prog. Oceanogr., 41:
111−139.
Cartes, J.E. and Sorbe, J.-C., 1996. Temporal population structure
of deep-water cumaceans from the western Mediterranean slope.
Deep-Sea Res. I, 43: 1423−1438.
Charmasson, S.S. and Calmet, D.P., 1987. Distribution of scavenging
Lysianassidae amphipods Eurythenes gryllus in the Northeast
Atlantic: comparisons with studies held in the Pacific. Deep-Sea
Res., 34: 1509−1523.
Childress, J.J., Cowles, D.L., Favuzzi, J.A. and Mickel, T.J., 1990.
Metabolic rates of benthic deep-sea crustaceans decline with
increasing depth primarily due to the decline in temperature. DeepSea Res., 37A: 929−949.
Cho, B.C. and Azam, F., 1988. Major role of bacteria in
biogeochemical fluxes in the ocean interior. Nature, 332:
441−443.
Christiansen, B. and Thiel, H., 1992. Deep-sea epibenthic megafauna
of the northeast Atlantic and biomass at three mid-oceanic
locations estimated from photographic transects. In: G.T. Rowe
and V. Pariente (Editors), Deep-Sea Food Chains and the Global
Carbon Cycle. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 125–138.
Christiansen, B., Pfannkuche, O. and Thiel, H., 1990. Vertical
distribution and population structure of the necrophagous
amphipod Eurythenes gryllus in the West European Basin. Mar.
Ecol. Prog. Ser., 66: 35−45.
Collins, M.A., Priede, I.G., Addison, S.W., Smith, A. and Bagley,
P.M., 1998. Acoustic tracking of the dispersal of organic matter
by scavenging fishes in the deep sea. Hydrobiologia, 371/372:
181−186.
Connolly, P.L. and Kelly, C.J., 1996. Catch and discards from
experimental trawl and longline fishing in the deep water of the
Rockall Trough. J. Fish. Biol., 49 (Supplement A): 132−144.
Conte, M.H., Weber, J.C. and Ralph, N., 1998. Episodic particle flux
in the deep Sargasso Sea: an organic geochemical assessment.
Deep-Sea Res. I, 45: 1819−1841.
Corliss, B.H. and Silva, K.A., 1993. Rapid growth of deep-sea benthic
foraminifera. Geology, 21: 991−994.
Crassous, P. and Khripounoff, A., 1994. Variation horizontale du flux
particulaire `
a micro- et m´ eso-´ echelle dans la plaine abyssale de
Californie. Oceanol. Acta, 17: 227−231.
Dahl, E., 1979. Deep-sea carrion feeding amphipods: evolutionary
patterns in niche adaptation. Oikos, 33: 167−175.
Dam, H.G., Roman, M.R. and Youngbluth, M.J., 1995. Downward
export of respiratory carbon and dissolved inorganic nitrogen by
diel-migrant mesozooplankton at the JGOFS Bermuda time-series
station. Deep-Sea Res. I, 42: 1187−1197.
Dauer, D.M., Maybury, C.A. and Ewing, R.M., 1981. Feeding
behavior and general ecology of several spionid polychaetes from
the Chesapeake Bay. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 54: 21−38.
Dayton, P.K. and Hessler, R.R., 1972. Role of biological disturbance
in maintaining diversity in the deep sea. Deep-Sea Res., 19:
199−208.
de Bov´ ee, F., Guidi, L.D. and Soyer, J., 1990. Quantitative distribution
of deep-sea meiobenthos in the northwestern Mediterranran (Gulf
of Lions). Continental Shelf Res., 10: 1123−1145.
De Broyer, P.K. and Thurston, M.H., 1987. New Atlantic material and
redescription of the type specimens of the giant amphipod Alicella
gigantea Chevreux (Crustacea). Zool. Scr., 16: 335−350.
De Wilde, P.A.W.J., Duineveld, G.C.A., Berghuis, E.M.,
Lavaleye, M.S.S. and Kok, A., 1998. Late-summer mass deposition
of gelatinous phytoplankton along the slope of the N.W. European
Continental Margin. Prog. Oceanogr., 42: 165−187.
Dean, H.K., 1993. A population study of the bivalve Idas argenteus
Jeffreys (Bivalvia: Mytilidae) recovered from a submerged wood
block in the deep North Atlantic Ocean. Malacologia, 35: 21−41.
DeMaster, D.J., Pope, R.H., Levin, L.A. and Blair, N.E., 1994.
Biological mixing intensity and rates of organic carbon
accumulation in North Carolina slope sediments. Deep-Sea Res. II,
41: 735−753.
Deming, J.W. and Colwell, R.R., 1982. Barophilic bacteria associated
with the digestive tract of abyssal holothurians. Appl. Environ.
Microbiol., 44: 1222−1230.
Deming, J.W. and Colwell, R.R., 1985. Observations of barophilic
microbial activity in samples of sediment and intercepted
particulates from the Demerara Abyssal Plain. Appl. Environ.
Microbiol., 50: 1002−1006.
Desbruy` eres, D., Geistdoerfer, P., Ingram, C.L., Khripounoff, A. and
Lagard` ere, J.P., 1985. R´ epartition des populations de l’´ epibenthos
carnivore. In: L. Laubier and C. Monniot (Editors), Peuplements
Profonds du Golfe de Gascogne. Institut Fran¸ caise de Recherche
pour L’Exploration de la Mer, Brest, pp. 233–254.
Deuser, W.G., 1986. Seasonal and interannual variation in deep water
particle fluxes in the Sargasso Sea and their relation to surface
hydrography. Deep-Sea Res., 33A: 225−246.
Deuser, W.G. and Ross, E.H., 1980. Seasonal change in the flux of
organic carbon to the deep Sargasso Sea. Nature, 283: 364−365.
Deuser, W.G., Ross, E.H. and Anderson, R.F., 1981. Seasonality in
the supply of sediment to the deep Sargasso Sea and implications
for the rapid transfer of matter to the deep ocean. Deep-Sea Res.,
28A: 495−505.
Dickson, R.R. and McCave, I.N., 1986. Nepheloid layers on the
369
Butman, C.A., Carlton, J.T. and Palumbi, S.R., 1994. Whaling effects
on deep-sea biodiversity. Conserv. Biol., 9(2): 462−464.
Cacchione, D.A. and Wunsch, C., 1973. Experimental study of
internal waves over a slope. J. Fluid Mech., 66: 223−239.
Cacchione, D.A., Rowe, G.T. and Malahoff, A., 1978. Submersible
investigation of the outer Hudson submarine canyon. In:
D.J. Stanley and G. Kelling (Editors), Sedimentation in Submarine
Canyons, Fans and Trenches. Dowden, Hutchinson and Ross,
Stroudsberg, PA, pp. 42–50.
Cahet, G., Daumas, R. and Sibuet, M., 1990. In situ
experimentation at the water/sediment interface in the deep sea:
2. Biotransformation of dissolved organic substrates by microbial
communities at 2000 m depth in the Bay of Biscay. Prog.
Oceanogr., 24: 169−178.
Cahoon, L.B., Laws, R.A. and Thomas, C.J., 1994. Viable diatoms
and chlorophyll a in continental slope sediments off Cape Hatteras,
North Carolina. Deep-Sea Res. II, 41: 767−782.
Cammen, L.M., 1980. Ingestion rate: an empirical model for aquatic
deposit feeders and detritivores. Oecologia, 44: 303−310.
Campos-Creasey, L.S., Tyler, P.A., Gage, J.D. and John, A.W.G.,
1994. Evidence for coupling the vertical flux of phytodetritus to
the diet and seasonal life history of the deep-sea echinoid Echinus
affinis. Deep-Sea Res. I, 41: 369−388.
Cartes, J.E., 1998. Dynamics of the bathyal Benthic Boundary Layer
in the northwestern Mediterranean: depth and temporal variations
in macrofaunal–megafaunal communities and their possible
connnections within deep-sea trophic webs. Prog. Oceanogr., 41:
111−139.
Cartes, J.E. and Sorbe, J.-C., 1996. Temporal population structure
of deep-water cumaceans from the western Mediterranean slope.
Deep-Sea Res. I, 43: 1423−1438.
Charmasson, S.S. and Calmet, D.P., 1987. Distribution of scavenging
Lysianassidae amphipods Eurythenes gryllus in the Northeast
Atlantic: comparisons with studies held in the Pacific. Deep-Sea
Res., 34: 1509−1523.
Childress, J.J., Cowles, D.L., Favuzzi, J.A. and Mickel, T.J., 1990.
Metabolic rates of benthic deep-sea crustaceans decline with
increasing depth primarily due to the decline in temperature. DeepSea Res., 37A: 929−949.
Cho, B.C. and Azam, F., 1988. Major role of bacteria in
biogeochemical fluxes in the ocean interior. Nature, 332:
441−443.
Christiansen, B. and Thiel, H., 1992. Deep-sea epibenthic megafauna
of the northeast Atlantic and biomass at three mid-oceanic
locations estimated from photographic transects. In: G.T. Rowe
and V. Pariente (Editors), Deep-Sea Food Chains and the Global
Carbon Cycle. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 125–138.
Christiansen, B., Pfannkuche, O. and Thiel, H., 1990. Vertical
distribution and population structure of the necrophagous
amphipod Eurythenes gryllus in the West European Basin. Mar.
Ecol. Prog. Ser., 66: 35−45.
Collins, M.A., Priede, I.G., Addison, S.W., Smith, A. and Bagley,
P.M., 1998. Acoustic tracking of the dispersal of organic matter
by scavenging fishes in the deep sea. Hydrobiologia, 371/372:
181−186.
Connolly, P.L. and Kelly, C.J., 1996. Catch and discards from
experimental trawl and longline fishing in the deep water of the
Rockall Trough. J. Fish. Biol., 49 (Supplement A): 132−144.
Conte, M.H., Weber, J.C. and Ralph, N., 1998. Episodic particle flux
in the deep Sargasso Sea: an organic geochemical assessment.
Deep-Sea Res. I, 45: 1819−1841.
Corliss, B.H. and Silva, K.A., 1993. Rapid growth of deep-sea benthic
foraminifera. Geology, 21: 991−994.
Crassous, P. and Khripounoff, A., 1994. Variation horizontale du flux
particulaire `
a micro- et m´ eso-´ echelle dans la plaine abyssale de
Californie. Oceanol. Acta, 17: 227−231.
Dahl, E., 1979. Deep-sea carrion feeding amphipods: evolutionary
patterns in niche adaptation. Oikos, 33: 167−175.
Dam, H.G., Roman, M.R. and Youngbluth, M.J., 1995. Downward
export of respiratory carbon and dissolved inorganic nitrogen by
diel-migrant mesozooplankton at the JGOFS Bermuda time-series
station. Deep-Sea Res. I, 42: 1187−1197.
Dauer, D.M., Maybury, C.A. and Ewing, R.M., 1981. Feeding
behavior and general ecology of several spionid polychaetes from
the Chesapeake Bay. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 54: 21−38.
Dayton, P.K. and Hessler, R.R., 1972. Role of biological disturbance
in maintaining diversity in the deep sea. Deep-Sea Res., 19:
199−208.
de Bov´ ee, F., Guidi, L.D. and Soyer, J., 1990. Quantitative distribution
of deep-sea meiobenthos in the northwestern Mediterranran (Gulf
of Lions). Continental Shelf Res., 10: 1123−1145.
De Broyer, P.K. and Thurston, M.H., 1987. New Atlantic material and
redescription of the type specimens of the giant amphipod Alicella
gigantea Chevreux (Crustacea). Zool. Scr., 16: 335−350.
De Wilde, P.A.W.J., Duineveld, G.C.A., Berghuis, E.M.,
Lavaleye, M.S.S. and Kok, A., 1998. Late-summer mass deposition
of gelatinous phytoplankton along the slope of the N.W. European
Continental Margin. Prog. Oceanogr., 42: 165−187.
Dean, H.K., 1993. A population study of the bivalve Idas argenteus
Jeffreys (Bivalvia: Mytilidae) recovered from a submerged wood
block in the deep North Atlantic Ocean. Malacologia, 35: 21−41.
DeMaster, D.J., Pope, R.H., Levin, L.A. and Blair, N.E., 1994.
Biological mixing intensity and rates of organic carbon
accumulation in North Carolina slope sediments. Deep-Sea Res. II,
41: 735−753.
Deming, J.W. and Colwell, R.R., 1982. Barophilic bacteria associated
with the digestive tract of abyssal holothurians. Appl. Environ.
Microbiol., 44: 1222−1230.
Deming, J.W. and Colwell, R.R., 1985. Observations of barophilic
microbial activity in samples of sediment and intercepted
particulates from the Demerara Abyssal Plain. Appl. Environ.
Microbiol., 50: 1002−1006.
Desbruy` eres, D., Geistdoerfer, P., Ingram, C.L., Khripounoff, A. and
Lagard` ere, J.P., 1985. R´ epartition des populations de l’´ epibenthos
carnivore. In: L. Laubier and C. Monniot (Editors), Peuplements
Profonds du Golfe de Gascogne. Institut Fran¸ caise de Recherche
pour L’Exploration de la Mer, Brest, pp. 233–254.
Deuser, W.G., 1986. Seasonal and interannual variation in deep water
particle fluxes in the Sargasso Sea and their relation to surface
hydrography. Deep-Sea Res., 33A: 225−246.
Deuser, W.G. and Ross, E.H., 1980. Seasonal change in the flux of
organic carbon to the deep Sargasso Sea. Nature, 283: 364−365.
Deuser, W.G., Ross, E.H. and Anderson, R.F., 1981. Seasonality in
the supply of sediment to the deep Sargasso Sea and implications
for the rapid transfer of matter to the deep ocean. Deep-Sea Res.,
28A: 495−505.
Dickson, R.R. and McCave, I.N., 1986. Nepheloid layers on the