THE DEEP PACIFIC OCEAN FLOOR
215
on seamount peaks provide evidence of current acceleration over
deep-sea topography. Nature, 332: 59−61.
Gerlach, S.A., Hahn, A.E. and Schrage, M., 1985. Size spectra
of benthic biomass and metabolism. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 26:
161−173.
Gooday, A.J., Levin, L.A., Linke, P. and Hegger, T., 1992. The role
of benthic foraminifera in deep-sea food webs and carbon cycling.
In: G.T. Rowe and V. Pariente (Editors), Deep-Sea Food Chains
and the Global Carbon Cycle. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 63–92.
Gooday, A.J., Bett, B.J. and Pratt, D.N., 1993. Direct observation of
episodic growth in an abyssal xenophyophore (Protista). Deep-Sea
Res. I, 40: 2131−2143.
Grassle, J.F. and Maciolek, N.J., 1992. Deep-sea species richness:
regional and local diversity estimates from quantitative bottom
samples. Am. Nat., 139: 313−341.
Gray, J.S., 1981. The Ecology of Marine Sediments. Cambridge
University Press, London, 185 pp.
Greene, C.H., Wiebe, P.H., Burczynski, J. and Youngbluth, M.J.,
1988. Acoustic detection of high-density demersal krill layers in
the submarine canyons off Georges Bank. Science, 241: 359−361.
Grigg, R.W., 1984. Resource management of precious corals: a review
and application to shallow water reef building corals. Mar. Ecol.,
5: 57−74.
Grigg, R.W., Malahoff, A., Chave, E.H. and Lundahl, J., 1987.
Seamount benthic ecology and potential environmental impact
from manganese crust mining in Hawaii. In: B. Keating, P. Fryer,
R. Batiza and G. Boehlert (Editors), Seamounts, Islands and Atolls.
Geophys. Monogr. Am. Geophys. Union, 43: 379–390.
Hammond, D.E., McManus, J.F., Berelson, W.M., Kilgore, T. and
Pope, R.H., 1996. Early diagenesis of organic material in equatorial
Pacific sediments: stoichiometry and kinetics. Deep-Sea Res. II,
43: 1365−1380.
Hargrave, B.T., Prouse, N.J., Phillips, G.A. and Cranford, P.J.,
1994. Meal size and sustenance time in the deep-sea amphipod
Eurythenes gryllus collected from the Arctic Ocean. Deep-Sea
Res. I, 41: 1489−1508.
Harrold, C., Light, K. and Lisin, S.E., 1998. Organic enrichment
of submarine-canyon and continental-shelf benthic communities
by macroalgal drift imported from nearshore kelp forests. Limnol.
Oceanogr., 43: 669−678.
Heezen, B.C. and Hollister, C.D., 1971. The Face of the Deep. Oxford
University Press, New York, 659 pp.
Hessler, R.R., 1974. The structure of deep benthic communities
from central oceanic waters. In: C.B. Miller (Editor), Biology of
the Oceanic Pacific. Oregon State University Press, pp. 79–94.
Hessler, R.R. and Jumars, P.A., 1974. Abyssal community analysis
from replicate box cores in the Central North Pacific. Deep-Sea
Res., 21: 185−209.
Hessler, R.R., Isaacs, J.D. and Mills, E.L., 1972. Giant amphipod
from the abyssal Pacific Ocean. Science, 175: 636−637.
Hessler, R.R., Ingram, C.L., Yayanos, A.A. and Burnett, B.R., 1978.
Scavenging amphipods from the floor of the Philipine Trench.
Deep-Sea Res., 25: 1029−1047.
Hollister, C.D. and McCave, I.N., 1984. Sedimentation under deepsea storms. Nature, 308: 220−225.
Hollister, C.D., Nowell, A.R.M. and Jumars, P.A., 1984. The dynamic
abyss. Sci. Am., 250: 42−53.
Honjo, S., Dymond, J., Collier, R. and Manganini, S.J., 1995.
Export production of particles to the interior of equatorial Pacific
Ocean during the 1992 EqPac experiment. Deep-Sea Res. II, 42:
831−870.
Hoover, D.J., 1995. Burrowing Urchins in the Abyssal Equatorial
Pacific: Sediment Reworking Rates Estimated Using Two
Independent Tracer Techniques. M.S. Thesis, University of Hawaii
at Manoa, 94 pp.
Hoover, D.J., Smith, C.R. and Doan, S.E., 1994. Megafaunal mixing
rates along the JGOFS equatorial Pacific transect estimated using
phytodetritus as a time marker. Eos, 75: 70.
Ingram, C.L. and Hessler, R.R., 1983. Distributional and behavioral
patterns of scavenging amphipods from the central North Pacific.
Deep-Sea Res., 30: 683−706.
Ingram, C.L. and Hessler, R.R., 1987. Population biology of the
deep-sea amphipod Eurythenes gryllus: inferences from in situ
analyses. Deep-Sea Res., 34: 1889−1910.
Isaacs, J.D. and Schwartzlose, R.A., 1975. Active animals of the
deep-sea floor. Sci. Am., 233: 85−91.
Jahnke, R.A., 1996. The global ocean flux of particulate organic
carbon: areal distribution and magnitude. Global Biogeochem.
Cycles, 10: 71−88.
Jahnke, R.A. and Jackson, G.A., 1987. Role of sea floor organisms
in oxygen consumption in the deep North Pacific Ocean. Nature,
329: 621−623.
Jahnke, R.A. and Jackson, G.A., 1992. The spatial distribution of sea
floor oxygen consumption in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. In:
G.T. Rowe and V. Pariente (Editors), Deep-Sea Food Chains and
the Global Carbon Cycle. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 295–307.
Jumars, P.A., 1975. Environmental grain and polychaete species’
diversity in a bathyal benthic community. Mar. Biol., 30:
253−266.
Jumars, P.A. and Gallagher, E.D., 1982. Deep-sea community
structure: three plays on the benthic proscenium. In: W.G. Ernst and
J.G. Morin (Editors), The Environment of the Deep Sea. PrenticeHall, Englewood, NJ, pp. 217–255.
Jumars, P.A. and Hessler, R.R., 1976. Hadal community structure:
implications from the Aleutian Trench. J. Mar. Res., 34: 547−560.
Karl, D.M., 1999. A sea of change: biogeochemical variability in the
North Pacific subtropical gyre. Ecosystems, 2: 181−274.
Karl, D.M., Christian, J.R., Dore, J.E., Hebel, D.V., Letelier, R.M.,
Tupas, L.M. and Winn, C.D., 1996. Seasonal and interannual
variability in primary production and particle flux at Station
ALOHA. Deep-Sea Res. II, 43: 539−568.
Kennett, J.P., 1982. Marine Geology. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs,
NJ, 813 pp.
Kukert, H. and Smith, C.R., 1992. Disturbance, colonization and
succession in a deep-sea sediment community: artificial-mound
experiments. Deep-Sea Res., 39: 1349−1371.
Lambshead, P.J.D., Brown, C.J., Ferrero, T.J., Mitchell, N.J., Smith,
C.R. and Tietjen, J.H., 2002. Latitudinal diversity patterns of deepsea marine nematodes and organic fluxes – a test from the central
equatorial Pacific. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 236: 129–135.
Lampitt, R.S., 1985. Evidence for the seasonal deposition of detritus
to the deep-sea floor and its subsequent resuspension. Deep-Sea
Res., 32: 885−897.
Landry, M.R., Barber, R.T., Bidigare, R.R., Chai, F., Coale, K.H.,
Dam, H.G., Lewis, M.R., Lindley, S.T., McCarthy, J.J., Roman,
M.R., Stoecker, D.K., Verity, P.G. and White, J.R., 1997. Iron and
grazing constraints on primary production in the central equatorial
Pacific: an EqPac synthesis. Limnol. Oceanogr., 42: 405−418.
215
on seamount peaks provide evidence of current acceleration over
deep-sea topography. Nature, 332: 59−61.
Gerlach, S.A., Hahn, A.E. and Schrage, M., 1985. Size spectra
of benthic biomass and metabolism. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 26:
161−173.
Gooday, A.J., Levin, L.A., Linke, P. and Hegger, T., 1992. The role
of benthic foraminifera in deep-sea food webs and carbon cycling.
In: G.T. Rowe and V. Pariente (Editors), Deep-Sea Food Chains
and the Global Carbon Cycle. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 63–92.
Gooday, A.J., Bett, B.J. and Pratt, D.N., 1993. Direct observation of
episodic growth in an abyssal xenophyophore (Protista). Deep-Sea
Res. I, 40: 2131−2143.
Grassle, J.F. and Maciolek, N.J., 1992. Deep-sea species richness:
regional and local diversity estimates from quantitative bottom
samples. Am. Nat., 139: 313−341.
Gray, J.S., 1981. The Ecology of Marine Sediments. Cambridge
University Press, London, 185 pp.
Greene, C.H., Wiebe, P.H., Burczynski, J. and Youngbluth, M.J.,
1988. Acoustic detection of high-density demersal krill layers in
the submarine canyons off Georges Bank. Science, 241: 359−361.
Grigg, R.W., 1984. Resource management of precious corals: a review
and application to shallow water reef building corals. Mar. Ecol.,
5: 57−74.
Grigg, R.W., Malahoff, A., Chave, E.H. and Lundahl, J., 1987.
Seamount benthic ecology and potential environmental impact
from manganese crust mining in Hawaii. In: B. Keating, P. Fryer,
R. Batiza and G. Boehlert (Editors), Seamounts, Islands and Atolls.
Geophys. Monogr. Am. Geophys. Union, 43: 379–390.
Hammond, D.E., McManus, J.F., Berelson, W.M., Kilgore, T. and
Pope, R.H., 1996. Early diagenesis of organic material in equatorial
Pacific sediments: stoichiometry and kinetics. Deep-Sea Res. II,
43: 1365−1380.
Hargrave, B.T., Prouse, N.J., Phillips, G.A. and Cranford, P.J.,
1994. Meal size and sustenance time in the deep-sea amphipod
Eurythenes gryllus collected from the Arctic Ocean. Deep-Sea
Res. I, 41: 1489−1508.
Harrold, C., Light, K. and Lisin, S.E., 1998. Organic enrichment
of submarine-canyon and continental-shelf benthic communities
by macroalgal drift imported from nearshore kelp forests. Limnol.
Oceanogr., 43: 669−678.
Heezen, B.C. and Hollister, C.D., 1971. The Face of the Deep. Oxford
University Press, New York, 659 pp.
Hessler, R.R., 1974. The structure of deep benthic communities
from central oceanic waters. In: C.B. Miller (Editor), Biology of
the Oceanic Pacific. Oregon State University Press, pp. 79–94.
Hessler, R.R. and Jumars, P.A., 1974. Abyssal community analysis
from replicate box cores in the Central North Pacific. Deep-Sea
Res., 21: 185−209.
Hessler, R.R., Isaacs, J.D. and Mills, E.L., 1972. Giant amphipod
from the abyssal Pacific Ocean. Science, 175: 636−637.
Hessler, R.R., Ingram, C.L., Yayanos, A.A. and Burnett, B.R., 1978.
Scavenging amphipods from the floor of the Philipine Trench.
Deep-Sea Res., 25: 1029−1047.
Hollister, C.D. and McCave, I.N., 1984. Sedimentation under deepsea storms. Nature, 308: 220−225.
Hollister, C.D., Nowell, A.R.M. and Jumars, P.A., 1984. The dynamic
abyss. Sci. Am., 250: 42−53.
Honjo, S., Dymond, J., Collier, R. and Manganini, S.J., 1995.
Export production of particles to the interior of equatorial Pacific
Ocean during the 1992 EqPac experiment. Deep-Sea Res. II, 42:
831−870.
Hoover, D.J., 1995. Burrowing Urchins in the Abyssal Equatorial
Pacific: Sediment Reworking Rates Estimated Using Two
Independent Tracer Techniques. M.S. Thesis, University of Hawaii
at Manoa, 94 pp.
Hoover, D.J., Smith, C.R. and Doan, S.E., 1994. Megafaunal mixing
rates along the JGOFS equatorial Pacific transect estimated using
phytodetritus as a time marker. Eos, 75: 70.
Ingram, C.L. and Hessler, R.R., 1983. Distributional and behavioral
patterns of scavenging amphipods from the central North Pacific.
Deep-Sea Res., 30: 683−706.
Ingram, C.L. and Hessler, R.R., 1987. Population biology of the
deep-sea amphipod Eurythenes gryllus: inferences from in situ
analyses. Deep-Sea Res., 34: 1889−1910.
Isaacs, J.D. and Schwartzlose, R.A., 1975. Active animals of the
deep-sea floor. Sci. Am., 233: 85−91.
Jahnke, R.A., 1996. The global ocean flux of particulate organic
carbon: areal distribution and magnitude. Global Biogeochem.
Cycles, 10: 71−88.
Jahnke, R.A. and Jackson, G.A., 1987. Role of sea floor organisms
in oxygen consumption in the deep North Pacific Ocean. Nature,
329: 621−623.
Jahnke, R.A. and Jackson, G.A., 1992. The spatial distribution of sea
floor oxygen consumption in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. In:
G.T. Rowe and V. Pariente (Editors), Deep-Sea Food Chains and
the Global Carbon Cycle. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 295–307.
Jumars, P.A., 1975. Environmental grain and polychaete species’
diversity in a bathyal benthic community. Mar. Biol., 30:
253−266.
Jumars, P.A. and Gallagher, E.D., 1982. Deep-sea community
structure: three plays on the benthic proscenium. In: W.G. Ernst and
J.G. Morin (Editors), The Environment of the Deep Sea. PrenticeHall, Englewood, NJ, pp. 217–255.
Jumars, P.A. and Hessler, R.R., 1976. Hadal community structure:
implications from the Aleutian Trench. J. Mar. Res., 34: 547−560.
Karl, D.M., 1999. A sea of change: biogeochemical variability in the
North Pacific subtropical gyre. Ecosystems, 2: 181−274.
Karl, D.M., Christian, J.R., Dore, J.E., Hebel, D.V., Letelier, R.M.,
Tupas, L.M. and Winn, C.D., 1996. Seasonal and interannual
variability in primary production and particle flux at Station
ALOHA. Deep-Sea Res. II, 43: 539−568.
Kennett, J.P., 1982. Marine Geology. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs,
NJ, 813 pp.
Kukert, H. and Smith, C.R., 1992. Disturbance, colonization and
succession in a deep-sea sediment community: artificial-mound
experiments. Deep-Sea Res., 39: 1349−1371.
Lambshead, P.J.D., Brown, C.J., Ferrero, T.J., Mitchell, N.J., Smith,
C.R. and Tietjen, J.H., 2002. Latitudinal diversity patterns of deepsea marine nematodes and organic fluxes – a test from the central
equatorial Pacific. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 236: 129–135.
Lampitt, R.S., 1985. Evidence for the seasonal deposition of detritus
to the deep-sea floor and its subsequent resuspension. Deep-Sea
Res., 32: 885−897.
Landry, M.R., Barber, R.T., Bidigare, R.R., Chai, F., Coale, K.H.,
Dam, H.G., Lewis, M.R., Lindley, S.T., McCarthy, J.J., Roman,
M.R., Stoecker, D.K., Verity, P.G. and White, J.R., 1997. Iron and
grazing constraints on primary production in the central equatorial
Pacific: an EqPac synthesis. Limnol. Oceanogr., 42: 405−418.