251
18 Ultraviolet Radiation and Bromide as Limiting Factors in Eutrophication Processes in Semiarid Climate Zones
Yarmouk River (Fig. 18.3). The average PO
3−
4 and NO 3
−
concentration in the winter months is higher than in summer
months owing to the runoff flushing of the soils.
18.2.2.2 Biochemical Parameters
Biological oxygen demand (BOD 5 ), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC), Chlorophyll-a,
and Plankton Count were analyzed to study the presence of
biological components in the waters of the study area.
18.2.2.3 COD
The COD values ranged from 1 mg/l in KAC (Deir Alla) in
November 2005 to 50 mg/l in mixture of KAC and peace
conveyor water during March 2006. The highest COD concentrations in these locations were found in the mixture of
KAC and Arab Dam, Deir Alla, KTD during winter months.
While in the summer months, the Yarmouk River, mixture
of KAC and peace water, and Arab Dam showed the highest
COD concentrations (Fig. 18.4).
18.2.2.4 BOD 5
The BOD 5 values ranged between 0 mg/l in specific locations to 39 mg/l in the mixtures of KAC and KTD water.
The average BOD 5 values show higher concentrations in
the summer months in all locations except in the mixture of
KAC and KTD water in the winter months (Fig. 18.4).
18.2.2.5 TOC
The TOC values ranged from 0.92 mg/l in the Yarmouk
River during March 2006 to 9.64 mg/l in mixture of KAC
and KTD water during December 2005. The average TOC
shows higher concentrations in the summer months except in the Yarmouk River, and in the mixture of KAC and
peace waters which have higher concentrations in the winter
months (Fig. 18.4).
From the above results, the mixtures of KAC and KTD
have the higher concentrations of COD, BOD 5, and TOC followed by the mixture of KAC and Arab Dam water and KAC
at Deir Alla.
18.2.2.6 Chlorophyll-a and Plankton Counts
Regarding the algae, all genera found in the last four locations (Yarmouk River, mixture of KAC and peace water
and KAC at Deir Alla) were classified into six main groups
(A–F) as illustrated in Table 18.2.
The concentrations of Chlorophyll-a and plankton counts
were higher during the summer months than during the winter months in all the locations owing to high temperatures,
nutrients, and light intensity, which encourage algal growth
Fig. 18.2 The studied part of KAC and water carrier to Zai
purification plant
Table 18.1 Sampling sites (Compare Fig. 18.2)
No
Site name
1
Yarmouk river (Nafq)
2
Mix (KAC + TibariasLake)
3
Mix (KAC + Arab Dam)
4
Mix (KAC + Ziglab)
5
DeirAlla
6
Mix (KAC + KTD)
18 Ultraviolet Radiation and Bromide as Limiting Factors in Eutrophication Processes in Semiarid Climate Zones
Yarmouk River (Fig. 18.3). The average PO
3−
4 and NO 3
−
concentration in the winter months is higher than in summer
months owing to the runoff flushing of the soils.
18.2.2.2 Biochemical Parameters
Biological oxygen demand (BOD 5 ), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC), Chlorophyll-a,
and Plankton Count were analyzed to study the presence of
biological components in the waters of the study area.
18.2.2.3 COD
The COD values ranged from 1 mg/l in KAC (Deir Alla) in
November 2005 to 50 mg/l in mixture of KAC and peace
conveyor water during March 2006. The highest COD concentrations in these locations were found in the mixture of
KAC and Arab Dam, Deir Alla, KTD during winter months.
While in the summer months, the Yarmouk River, mixture
of KAC and peace water, and Arab Dam showed the highest
COD concentrations (Fig. 18.4).
18.2.2.4 BOD 5
The BOD 5 values ranged between 0 mg/l in specific locations to 39 mg/l in the mixtures of KAC and KTD water.
The average BOD 5 values show higher concentrations in
the summer months in all locations except in the mixture of
KAC and KTD water in the winter months (Fig. 18.4).
18.2.2.5 TOC
The TOC values ranged from 0.92 mg/l in the Yarmouk
River during March 2006 to 9.64 mg/l in mixture of KAC
and KTD water during December 2005. The average TOC
shows higher concentrations in the summer months except in the Yarmouk River, and in the mixture of KAC and
peace waters which have higher concentrations in the winter
months (Fig. 18.4).
From the above results, the mixtures of KAC and KTD
have the higher concentrations of COD, BOD 5, and TOC followed by the mixture of KAC and Arab Dam water and KAC
at Deir Alla.
18.2.2.6 Chlorophyll-a and Plankton Counts
Regarding the algae, all genera found in the last four locations (Yarmouk River, mixture of KAC and peace water
and KAC at Deir Alla) were classified into six main groups
(A–F) as illustrated in Table 18.2.
The concentrations of Chlorophyll-a and plankton counts
were higher during the summer months than during the winter months in all the locations owing to high temperatures,
nutrients, and light intensity, which encourage algal growth
Fig. 18.2 The studied part of KAC and water carrier to Zai
purification plant
Table 18.1 Sampling sites (Compare Fig. 18.2)
No
Site name
1
Yarmouk river (Nafq)
2
Mix (KAC + TibariasLake)
3
Mix (KAC + Arab Dam)
4
Mix (KAC + Ziglab)
5
DeirAlla
6
Mix (KAC + KTD)