148
enhanced the dry weight of Spirodela polyrrhiza as compared to 0, 10, and 30 ppm. The dry weight of Spirodela polyrrhiza increased significantly on treatment with 30 ppm of
Friendly Wash, Henko, Saving Plus, Rin Shakti, Surf, and its
new brand Surf Excel powder. The impact of Surf and Surf
Excel was highest than the other detergents powder under
study. The dry weight of Spirodela polyrrhiza statistically
did not vary on treatment with varying concentrations of
Cleano, Doctor, Maxclean, Mor, Morlight, Plus, Plus Extra,
Time-zee, and Wheel detergent powders (Table 12.8).
12.3.4 Duckweed Response to Surf Excel
Detergent in 15 L Earthen Pots
12.3.4.1 Growth Responses of Lemna minor
Table 12.9 comprises the data on the growth responses of
Lemna minor treated with varying concentrations of Surf
Excel in large earthen pots and studied at11th day. The statistical analysis of the data revealed that the dry weight per
gram fresh plant of Lemna minor significantly increased on
treatment with 20, 30, 40, and 50 ppm of Surf Excel. The
lower concentrations of Surf Excel increased chlorophyll a
and b. The nitrogen content in the plants treated with varying concentrations of Surf Excel had for greater amount of
nitrogen than the control. There was a marginal but significant increase in phosphorus uptake in Lemna minor treated
with varying concentrations of Surf Excel as compared to
control plant. The phosphorus uptake was, however, highest
at 20 ppm of Surf Excel. A significant increase in potassium
uptake was recorded at higher concentrations of Surf Excel.
Nitrogen uptake in plant increased up to 30 ppm concentration level and declined with further increase in the concentration of the detergent (Table 12.9).
12.3.4.2 Water Quality
The data on the physico–chemical properties of water samples of earthen pots studied at 11th-day stage are summarized in Table 12.10.The data show that the pH and turbidity
consistently increased with the concentration in earthen pots.
The dissolved oxygen (except some variations at 40 ppm
level) reduced with the increase in concentration of Surf
Excel. The nitrate contents decreased marginally with the
increase in Surf Excel concentration. Despite significant uptake, the high amounts of phosphates (in proportion to concentration of detergent) accumulated in the solutions of Surf
Table 12.8 Dry weight (mg/g of fresh weight) of Spirodela polyrrhiza treated in small plastic pots with varying doses of 24 selected detergent
powders
Detergent (Brand name)
Control
Concentration (ppm)
LSD at
0
10
30
50
5 % 1 %
Ariel
113.45 ± 1.83 119.74 ± 1.80 (+ 5.54 %)
124.82 ± 2.21 (+ 10.02 %) 121.36 ± 2.38 (+ 6.97 %) 5.85 8.86
Cleano
113.45 ± 1.83 117.67 ± 2.20 (+ 3.72 %)
116.95 ± 2.05 (+ 3.09 %) 114.72 ± 1.20 (+ 1.12 %) NS NS
Doctor
113.45 ± 1.83 114.98 ± 1.33 (+ 1.35 %)
115.95 ± 2.11 (+ 2.20 %) 117.93 ± 1.27 (+ 3.95 %) NS NS
Double Dog
113.45 ± 1.83 125.83 ± 1.94 (+ 10.91 %) 122.20 ± 1.71 (+ 7.71 %) 120.79 ± 1.90 (+ 6.47 %) 5.21 7.89
Fena
113.45 ± 1.83 115.50 ± 1.51 (+ 1.81 %)
117.57 ± 1.87 (+ 3.63 %) 121.68 ± 1.98 (+ 7.25 %) 5.10 7.72
Friendly wash
113.45 ± 1.83 125.38 ± 1.59 (+ 10.52 %) 122.96 ± 2.31 (+ 8.38 %) 120.54 ± 2.33 (+ 6.25 %) 5.76 8.73
Ghari
113.45 ± 1.83 117.08 ± 1.89 (+ 3.20 %)
118.13 ± 2.19 (+ 4.13 %) 123.50 ± 1.92 (+ 8.86 %) 5.54 8.39
Henko
113.45 ± 1.83 119.99 ± 2.09 (+ 5.76 %)
125.98 ± 2.11 (+ 11.04 %) 122.20 ± 2.40 (+ 7.71 %) 5.97 9.04
Max Clean
113.45 ± 1.83 114.68 ± 1.71 (+ 1.08 %)
117.52 ± 2.26 (+ 3.59 %) 114.21 ± 1.71 (+ 0.67 %) NS NS
Mor
113.45 ± 1.83 117.73 ± 1.80 (+ 3.77 %)
121.12 ± 1.83 (+ 6.76 %) 115.25 ± 2.19 (+ 1.59 %) NS NS
Mor light
113.45 ± 1.83 116.81 ± 1.76 (+ 2.96 %)
118.59 ± 2.32 (+ 4.53 %) 115.14 ± 2.42 (+ 1.49 %) NS NS
Mr. white
113.45 ± 1.83 125.09 ± 2.20 (+ 10.26 %) 120.65 ± 2.18 (+ 6.35 %) 120.80 ± 2.41 (+ 6.49 %) 6.10 9.24
Nirma
113.45 ± 1.83 117.91 ± 1.26 (+ 3.93 %)
118.79 ± 1.80 (+ 4.71 %) 124.39 ± 1.85 (+ 9.64 %) 4.80 7.27
Nirma (Super) a (Super Nirma) 113.45 ± 1.83 115.15 ± 1.89 (+ 1.50 %)
120.60 ± 1.40 (+ 6.30 %) 124.00 ± 2.54 (+ 9.30 %) 5.47 8.28
Plus
113.45 ± 1.83 115.37 ± 1.92 (+ 1.69 %)
115.10 ± 2.56 (+ 1.45 %) 120.52 ± 2.39 (+ 6.23 %) NS NS
Plus (extra) a (extra plus)
113.45 ± 1.83 115.84 ± 1.40 (+ 2.12 %)
120.42 ± 1.80 (+ 6.14 %) 114.06 ± 2.52 (+ 0.54 %) NS NS
Plus (saving) a (saving plus)
113.45 ± 1.83 115.00 ± 2.24 (+ 1.37 %)
122.89 ± 2.56 (+ 8.32 %) 117.27 ± 2.43 (+ 3.37 %) 6.44 9.76
Rin Shakti
113.45 ± 1.83 119.07 ± 2.61 (+ 5.0 %)
124.83 ± 2.33 (+ 10.03 %) 119.79 ± 2.58 (+ 5.59 %) 6.62 10.03
Rin Supreme
113.45 ± 1.83 122.27 ± 2.22 (+ 7.77 %)
122.16 ± 2.41 (+ 7.68 %) 125.73 ± 2.04
(+ 10.82 %)
5.45 8.25
Surf
113.45 ± 1.83 117.33 ± 1.54 (+ 3.42 %)
126.42 ± 2.01 (+ 11.43 %) 122.57 ± 2.07 (+ 8.04 %) 5.29 8.02
Surf Excel
113.45 ± 1.83 120.54 ± 1.82 (+ 6.25 %)
126.58 ± 2.16 (+ 11.57 %) 122.96 ± 1.23 (+ 8.38 %) 5.02 7.60
Tide
113.45 ± 1.83 119.65 ± 1.89 (+ 5.46 %)
124.64 ± 1.96 (+ 9.86 %) 116.50 ± 2.14 (+ 2.69 %) 5.53 8.38
Time-Zee
113.45 ± 1.83 114.87 ± 2.13 (+ 1.25 %)
115.56 ± 1.83 (+ 1.86 %) 119.45 ± 1.85 (+ 5.29 %) NS NS
Wheel
113.45 ± 1.83 121.35 ± 1.67 (+ 6.96 %)
117.26 ± 2.21 (+ 3.36 %) 114.85 ± 2.11 (+ 1.23 %) NS NS
Mean ± SD, within parenthesis percent variation over the control
a
Actual brand name
A. A. Ansari and F. A. Khan
enhanced the dry weight of Spirodela polyrrhiza as compared to 0, 10, and 30 ppm. The dry weight of Spirodela polyrrhiza increased significantly on treatment with 30 ppm of
Friendly Wash, Henko, Saving Plus, Rin Shakti, Surf, and its
new brand Surf Excel powder. The impact of Surf and Surf
Excel was highest than the other detergents powder under
study. The dry weight of Spirodela polyrrhiza statistically
did not vary on treatment with varying concentrations of
Cleano, Doctor, Maxclean, Mor, Morlight, Plus, Plus Extra,
Time-zee, and Wheel detergent powders (Table 12.8).
12.3.4 Duckweed Response to Surf Excel
Detergent in 15 L Earthen Pots
12.3.4.1 Growth Responses of Lemna minor
Table 12.9 comprises the data on the growth responses of
Lemna minor treated with varying concentrations of Surf
Excel in large earthen pots and studied at11th day. The statistical analysis of the data revealed that the dry weight per
gram fresh plant of Lemna minor significantly increased on
treatment with 20, 30, 40, and 50 ppm of Surf Excel. The
lower concentrations of Surf Excel increased chlorophyll a
and b. The nitrogen content in the plants treated with varying concentrations of Surf Excel had for greater amount of
nitrogen than the control. There was a marginal but significant increase in phosphorus uptake in Lemna minor treated
with varying concentrations of Surf Excel as compared to
control plant. The phosphorus uptake was, however, highest
at 20 ppm of Surf Excel. A significant increase in potassium
uptake was recorded at higher concentrations of Surf Excel.
Nitrogen uptake in plant increased up to 30 ppm concentration level and declined with further increase in the concentration of the detergent (Table 12.9).
12.3.4.2 Water Quality
The data on the physico–chemical properties of water samples of earthen pots studied at 11th-day stage are summarized in Table 12.10.The data show that the pH and turbidity
consistently increased with the concentration in earthen pots.
The dissolved oxygen (except some variations at 40 ppm
level) reduced with the increase in concentration of Surf
Excel. The nitrate contents decreased marginally with the
increase in Surf Excel concentration. Despite significant uptake, the high amounts of phosphates (in proportion to concentration of detergent) accumulated in the solutions of Surf
Table 12.8 Dry weight (mg/g of fresh weight) of Spirodela polyrrhiza treated in small plastic pots with varying doses of 24 selected detergent
powders
Detergent (Brand name)
Control
Concentration (ppm)
LSD at
0
10
30
50
5 % 1 %
Ariel
113.45 ± 1.83 119.74 ± 1.80 (+ 5.54 %)
124.82 ± 2.21 (+ 10.02 %) 121.36 ± 2.38 (+ 6.97 %) 5.85 8.86
Cleano
113.45 ± 1.83 117.67 ± 2.20 (+ 3.72 %)
116.95 ± 2.05 (+ 3.09 %) 114.72 ± 1.20 (+ 1.12 %) NS NS
Doctor
113.45 ± 1.83 114.98 ± 1.33 (+ 1.35 %)
115.95 ± 2.11 (+ 2.20 %) 117.93 ± 1.27 (+ 3.95 %) NS NS
Double Dog
113.45 ± 1.83 125.83 ± 1.94 (+ 10.91 %) 122.20 ± 1.71 (+ 7.71 %) 120.79 ± 1.90 (+ 6.47 %) 5.21 7.89
Fena
113.45 ± 1.83 115.50 ± 1.51 (+ 1.81 %)
117.57 ± 1.87 (+ 3.63 %) 121.68 ± 1.98 (+ 7.25 %) 5.10 7.72
Friendly wash
113.45 ± 1.83 125.38 ± 1.59 (+ 10.52 %) 122.96 ± 2.31 (+ 8.38 %) 120.54 ± 2.33 (+ 6.25 %) 5.76 8.73
Ghari
113.45 ± 1.83 117.08 ± 1.89 (+ 3.20 %)
118.13 ± 2.19 (+ 4.13 %) 123.50 ± 1.92 (+ 8.86 %) 5.54 8.39
Henko
113.45 ± 1.83 119.99 ± 2.09 (+ 5.76 %)
125.98 ± 2.11 (+ 11.04 %) 122.20 ± 2.40 (+ 7.71 %) 5.97 9.04
Max Clean
113.45 ± 1.83 114.68 ± 1.71 (+ 1.08 %)
117.52 ± 2.26 (+ 3.59 %) 114.21 ± 1.71 (+ 0.67 %) NS NS
Mor
113.45 ± 1.83 117.73 ± 1.80 (+ 3.77 %)
121.12 ± 1.83 (+ 6.76 %) 115.25 ± 2.19 (+ 1.59 %) NS NS
Mor light
113.45 ± 1.83 116.81 ± 1.76 (+ 2.96 %)
118.59 ± 2.32 (+ 4.53 %) 115.14 ± 2.42 (+ 1.49 %) NS NS
Mr. white
113.45 ± 1.83 125.09 ± 2.20 (+ 10.26 %) 120.65 ± 2.18 (+ 6.35 %) 120.80 ± 2.41 (+ 6.49 %) 6.10 9.24
Nirma
113.45 ± 1.83 117.91 ± 1.26 (+ 3.93 %)
118.79 ± 1.80 (+ 4.71 %) 124.39 ± 1.85 (+ 9.64 %) 4.80 7.27
Nirma (Super) a (Super Nirma) 113.45 ± 1.83 115.15 ± 1.89 (+ 1.50 %)
120.60 ± 1.40 (+ 6.30 %) 124.00 ± 2.54 (+ 9.30 %) 5.47 8.28
Plus
113.45 ± 1.83 115.37 ± 1.92 (+ 1.69 %)
115.10 ± 2.56 (+ 1.45 %) 120.52 ± 2.39 (+ 6.23 %) NS NS
Plus (extra) a (extra plus)
113.45 ± 1.83 115.84 ± 1.40 (+ 2.12 %)
120.42 ± 1.80 (+ 6.14 %) 114.06 ± 2.52 (+ 0.54 %) NS NS
Plus (saving) a (saving plus)
113.45 ± 1.83 115.00 ± 2.24 (+ 1.37 %)
122.89 ± 2.56 (+ 8.32 %) 117.27 ± 2.43 (+ 3.37 %) 6.44 9.76
Rin Shakti
113.45 ± 1.83 119.07 ± 2.61 (+ 5.0 %)
124.83 ± 2.33 (+ 10.03 %) 119.79 ± 2.58 (+ 5.59 %) 6.62 10.03
Rin Supreme
113.45 ± 1.83 122.27 ± 2.22 (+ 7.77 %)
122.16 ± 2.41 (+ 7.68 %) 125.73 ± 2.04
(+ 10.82 %)
5.45 8.25
Surf
113.45 ± 1.83 117.33 ± 1.54 (+ 3.42 %)
126.42 ± 2.01 (+ 11.43 %) 122.57 ± 2.07 (+ 8.04 %) 5.29 8.02
Surf Excel
113.45 ± 1.83 120.54 ± 1.82 (+ 6.25 %)
126.58 ± 2.16 (+ 11.57 %) 122.96 ± 1.23 (+ 8.38 %) 5.02 7.60
Tide
113.45 ± 1.83 119.65 ± 1.89 (+ 5.46 %)
124.64 ± 1.96 (+ 9.86 %) 116.50 ± 2.14 (+ 2.69 %) 5.53 8.38
Time-Zee
113.45 ± 1.83 114.87 ± 2.13 (+ 1.25 %)
115.56 ± 1.83 (+ 1.86 %) 119.45 ± 1.85 (+ 5.29 %) NS NS
Wheel
113.45 ± 1.83 121.35 ± 1.67 (+ 6.96 %)
117.26 ± 2.21 (+ 3.36 %) 114.85 ± 2.11 (+ 1.23 %) NS NS
Mean ± SD, within parenthesis percent variation over the control
a
Actual brand name
A. A. Ansari and F. A. Khan