256
Field KG, Olsen GJ, Lane DJ, Giovanonni SJ, Gheslin MT, Raff EC, Pace NR, Raff RA
(1988) Molecular phylogeny of the animal kingdom. Science 239:748-550
Fox GE, Stackebrandt E, Hespell RB, Gibson J, Maniloff J, Dyer TA, Wolfe RS, Balch WE,
Tanner R, Magrum L, Zablen LB, Blakemore R, Gupta R, Bonen L, Lewis BJ, Stahl
DA, Luehrsen KR, Chen KN, Woese CR (1980) The phylogeny of prokaryotes.
Science 209:457-463
Fuhrman JA, Azam F (1982) Thymidine incorporation as a measure of heterotrophic
bacterioplankton production in surface waters: evaluation and field results. Mar BioI
62:1-12
Giovannoni S J, DeLong E F, Olsen G J, Pace N R. (1988) Phylogenetic group-specific
oligodeoxynucleotide probes for identification of single microbial cells. J Bacteriol
170:720-726.
Giovanonni SJ, Britschgi TB, Moyer CL, Field KG (1990a) Genetic diversity in Sargasso Sea
bacterioplankton. Nature 345:60-63
Giovanonni SJ, DeLong EF, Schmidt TM, Pace, NR (1990b) Tangential flow filtration and
preliminary phylogenetic analysis of marine picoplankton. Appl Environ Microbiol
56:2572-2575
Hagstrom A, Larsson U, Horstedt P, Normark S (1979) Frequency of dividing cells, a new
approach to the determination of bacterial growth in aquatic environments. Appl
Environ Microbiol 37:805-812
Hobbie IE, Daley RI, Jasper S (1977) Use of nuclepore filters for counting bacteria by
fluorescence microscopy. Appl Environ Microbiol 33:1225-1228
Iwabe N, Kuma K, Hasegawa M, Osawa S, Miyata T (1989) Evolutionary relationship of
archaebacteria, eubacteria, and eukaryotes inferred from phylogenetic trees of
duplicated genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86:9355-9359
Jannasch HW, Jones GE (1959) Bacterial populations in seawater as determined by different
methods of enumeration. Limnol Oceanog 4: 128-l39
Karl DM (1986) Determination of in situ biomass viability metabolism and growth. In
Bacteria in Nature, J. S. Poindexter and E. R. Leadbetter, eds., pp 85-176, Plenum
Press
Lane, DJ, Pace B, Olsen GJ, Stahl DA, Sogin ML, and Pace NR (1985) Rapid determination
of 16S ribosomal RNA sequences for phylogenetic analyses. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
82:6955-6959.
Meyerhaus A, Vartanian J, Wain-Hobson S (1990) DNA recombination during PCR. Nuc
Acid Res 18:1687-1691
Medlin L, Elwood HJ, Stickel S, Sogin ML (1988) The characterization of enzymatically
amplified eukaryotic 16S-like rRNA-coding regions. Gene 491-499
Olsen, GJ (1988) Phylogenetic analysis using ribosomal RNA sequences. Meth Enzymoll64:
793-812
Olsen, GJ (1987) Earliest phylogenetic branchings: comparing rRNA-based evolutionary trees
inferred with various techniques. Cold Springs Harbor Symp Quant BioI 52:825-837
Pace, NR, Stahl DA, Lane DJ, and Olsen GJ (l986a) The analysis of natural microbial
populations by ribosomal RNA sequences, In K. C. Marshall (ed.), Advances in
microbial ecology, vol 9, Plenum Press, New York, p 1
Pace NR, Olsen GJ, Woese CR (1986b) Ribosomal RNA phylogeny and the primary lines of
descent. Cell 45:325-326
Field KG, Olsen GJ, Lane DJ, Giovanonni SJ, Gheslin MT, Raff EC, Pace NR, Raff RA
(1988) Molecular phylogeny of the animal kingdom. Science 239:748-550
Fox GE, Stackebrandt E, Hespell RB, Gibson J, Maniloff J, Dyer TA, Wolfe RS, Balch WE,
Tanner R, Magrum L, Zablen LB, Blakemore R, Gupta R, Bonen L, Lewis BJ, Stahl
DA, Luehrsen KR, Chen KN, Woese CR (1980) The phylogeny of prokaryotes.
Science 209:457-463
Fuhrman JA, Azam F (1982) Thymidine incorporation as a measure of heterotrophic
bacterioplankton production in surface waters: evaluation and field results. Mar BioI
62:1-12
Giovannoni S J, DeLong E F, Olsen G J, Pace N R. (1988) Phylogenetic group-specific
oligodeoxynucleotide probes for identification of single microbial cells. J Bacteriol
170:720-726.
Giovanonni SJ, Britschgi TB, Moyer CL, Field KG (1990a) Genetic diversity in Sargasso Sea
bacterioplankton. Nature 345:60-63
Giovanonni SJ, DeLong EF, Schmidt TM, Pace, NR (1990b) Tangential flow filtration and
preliminary phylogenetic analysis of marine picoplankton. Appl Environ Microbiol
56:2572-2575
Hagstrom A, Larsson U, Horstedt P, Normark S (1979) Frequency of dividing cells, a new
approach to the determination of bacterial growth in aquatic environments. Appl
Environ Microbiol 37:805-812
Hobbie IE, Daley RI, Jasper S (1977) Use of nuclepore filters for counting bacteria by
fluorescence microscopy. Appl Environ Microbiol 33:1225-1228
Iwabe N, Kuma K, Hasegawa M, Osawa S, Miyata T (1989) Evolutionary relationship of
archaebacteria, eubacteria, and eukaryotes inferred from phylogenetic trees of
duplicated genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86:9355-9359
Jannasch HW, Jones GE (1959) Bacterial populations in seawater as determined by different
methods of enumeration. Limnol Oceanog 4: 128-l39
Karl DM (1986) Determination of in situ biomass viability metabolism and growth. In
Bacteria in Nature, J. S. Poindexter and E. R. Leadbetter, eds., pp 85-176, Plenum
Press
Lane, DJ, Pace B, Olsen GJ, Stahl DA, Sogin ML, and Pace NR (1985) Rapid determination
of 16S ribosomal RNA sequences for phylogenetic analyses. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
82:6955-6959.
Meyerhaus A, Vartanian J, Wain-Hobson S (1990) DNA recombination during PCR. Nuc
Acid Res 18:1687-1691
Medlin L, Elwood HJ, Stickel S, Sogin ML (1988) The characterization of enzymatically
amplified eukaryotic 16S-like rRNA-coding regions. Gene 491-499
Olsen, GJ (1988) Phylogenetic analysis using ribosomal RNA sequences. Meth Enzymoll64:
793-812
Olsen, GJ (1987) Earliest phylogenetic branchings: comparing rRNA-based evolutionary trees
inferred with various techniques. Cold Springs Harbor Symp Quant BioI 52:825-837
Pace, NR, Stahl DA, Lane DJ, and Olsen GJ (l986a) The analysis of natural microbial
populations by ribosomal RNA sequences, In K. C. Marshall (ed.), Advances in
microbial ecology, vol 9, Plenum Press, New York, p 1
Pace NR, Olsen GJ, Woese CR (1986b) Ribosomal RNA phylogeny and the primary lines of
descent. Cell 45:325-326