79
3 Why Spawn in Aggregations?
Colin PL (1982a) Aspects of the spawning of western Atlantic reef fi shes. In: Huntsman GR,
Nicholson WR, Fix Jnr WW (eds) Workshop on biological bases for reef fi sh management.
NOAA, St. Thomas
Colin PL (1982b) Spawning and larval development of the hogfi sh, Lachnolaimus maximus
(Pisces: Labridae). Fish B-NOAA 8:853–862
Colin PL (1992) Reproduction of the Nassau grouper, Epinephelus striatus (Pisces: Serranidae)
and its relationship to environmental conditions. Environ Biol Fish 34:357–377
Colin PL (1994) Preliminary investigations of reproductive activity of the jewfi sh, Epinephelus
itajara (Pisces: Serranidae). Proc Gulf Caribb Fish Inst 43:138–147
Colin PL, Bell LJ (1991) Aspects of the spawning of labrid and scarid fi shes (Pisces: Labroidei) at
Enewetak Atoll, Marshall Islands with notes on other families. Environ Biol Fishes
31:229–260
Colin PL, Clavijo IE (1988) Spawning activity of fi shes producing pelagic eggs on a shelf edge
coral reef, southwestern Puerto Rico. Bull Mar Sci 43:149–179
Colin PL, Shapiro DY, Weiler D (1987) Aspects of the reproduction of two groupers, Epinephelus
guttatus and E. striatus in the West Indies. Bull Mar Sci 40:220–230
Côté IM, Gross MR (1993) Reduced disease in offspring: a benefi t of coloniality in sunfi sh. Behav
Ecol Sociobiol 33:269–274
Côté IM, Poulin R (1995) Parasitism and group size in social animals: a meta-analysis. Behav Ecol
6:159–165
Courchamp F, Berec L, Gascoigne J (2008) Allee effect in ecology and conservation. Oxford
University Press, Oxford
Craig PC (1998) Temporal spawning patterns of several surgeonfi shes and wrasses in the American
Samoa. Pac Sci 52:35–39
Crawford RH, Cusack RR, Parlee TR (1986) Lipid-content and energy-expenditure in the spawning
migration of alewife ( Alosa pseudoharengus ) and blueback herring ( Alosa aestivalis ). Can J
Zool 64:1902–1907
Davis JA, Brown CR (1999) Costs of coloniality and the effect of colony size on reproductive
success in Purple Martins. Condor 101:737–745
Doherty PJ, Williams DM, Sale PF (1985) The Adaptive signifi cance of larval dispersal in coral
reef fi shes. Environ Biol Fishes 12:81–90
Domeier ML, Colin PL (1997) Tropical reef fi sh spawning aggregations: defi ned and reviewed.
Bull Mar Sci 60:698–726
Drazen JC, Goffredi SK, Schlining B et al (2003) Aggregations of egg-brooding deep-sea fi sh and
cephalopods on the Gorda Escarpment: a reproductive hot-spot. Biol Bull 205:1–7
Dugatkin LA, Hoglund J (1992) Delayed breeding and the evolution of mate copying in lekking
species. J Theor Biol 174:261–267
Erisman BE, Buckhorn ML, Hastings PA (2007) Spawning patterns in the leopard grouper,
Mycteroperca rosacea , in comparison with other aggregating groupers. Mar Biol 151:1849–1861
Evans LE, Ardia DR, Flux JEC (2009) Breeding synchrony through social stimulation in a spatially segregated population of European starlings. Anim Behav 78:671–675
Fishelson L, Montgomery LW, Myrberg AA (1987) Biology of surgeonfi sh Acanthurus nigrofuscus
with emphasis on changeover in diet and annual gonadal cycles. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 39:37–47
Gaudette J, Wahle RA, Himmelman JH (2006) Spawning events in small and large populations of
the green sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis as recorded using fertilization assays.
Limnol Oceanogr 51:1485–1496
Gibson RM, Bachman GC (1992) The cost of female choice in a lekking bird. Behav Ecol
3:300–309
Gladstone W (1986) Spawning behaviour of the bumphead parrotfi sh Bolmometopon muricatum
at Yonge Reef, Great Barrier Reef. Jpn J Ichthyol 33:326–328
Gladstone W (2007a) Selection of a spawning aggregation site by Chromis hypsilepis (Pisces:
Pomacentridae): habitat structure, transport potential, and food availability. Mar Ecol Prog Ser
351:235–247
3 Why Spawn in Aggregations?
Colin PL (1982a) Aspects of the spawning of western Atlantic reef fi shes. In: Huntsman GR,
Nicholson WR, Fix Jnr WW (eds) Workshop on biological bases for reef fi sh management.
NOAA, St. Thomas
Colin PL (1982b) Spawning and larval development of the hogfi sh, Lachnolaimus maximus
(Pisces: Labridae). Fish B-NOAA 8:853–862
Colin PL (1992) Reproduction of the Nassau grouper, Epinephelus striatus (Pisces: Serranidae)
and its relationship to environmental conditions. Environ Biol Fish 34:357–377
Colin PL (1994) Preliminary investigations of reproductive activity of the jewfi sh, Epinephelus
itajara (Pisces: Serranidae). Proc Gulf Caribb Fish Inst 43:138–147
Colin PL, Bell LJ (1991) Aspects of the spawning of labrid and scarid fi shes (Pisces: Labroidei) at
Enewetak Atoll, Marshall Islands with notes on other families. Environ Biol Fishes
31:229–260
Colin PL, Clavijo IE (1988) Spawning activity of fi shes producing pelagic eggs on a shelf edge
coral reef, southwestern Puerto Rico. Bull Mar Sci 43:149–179
Colin PL, Shapiro DY, Weiler D (1987) Aspects of the reproduction of two groupers, Epinephelus
guttatus and E. striatus in the West Indies. Bull Mar Sci 40:220–230
Côté IM, Gross MR (1993) Reduced disease in offspring: a benefi t of coloniality in sunfi sh. Behav
Ecol Sociobiol 33:269–274
Côté IM, Poulin R (1995) Parasitism and group size in social animals: a meta-analysis. Behav Ecol
6:159–165
Courchamp F, Berec L, Gascoigne J (2008) Allee effect in ecology and conservation. Oxford
University Press, Oxford
Craig PC (1998) Temporal spawning patterns of several surgeonfi shes and wrasses in the American
Samoa. Pac Sci 52:35–39
Crawford RH, Cusack RR, Parlee TR (1986) Lipid-content and energy-expenditure in the spawning
migration of alewife ( Alosa pseudoharengus ) and blueback herring ( Alosa aestivalis ). Can J
Zool 64:1902–1907
Davis JA, Brown CR (1999) Costs of coloniality and the effect of colony size on reproductive
success in Purple Martins. Condor 101:737–745
Doherty PJ, Williams DM, Sale PF (1985) The Adaptive signifi cance of larval dispersal in coral
reef fi shes. Environ Biol Fishes 12:81–90
Domeier ML, Colin PL (1997) Tropical reef fi sh spawning aggregations: defi ned and reviewed.
Bull Mar Sci 60:698–726
Drazen JC, Goffredi SK, Schlining B et al (2003) Aggregations of egg-brooding deep-sea fi sh and
cephalopods on the Gorda Escarpment: a reproductive hot-spot. Biol Bull 205:1–7
Dugatkin LA, Hoglund J (1992) Delayed breeding and the evolution of mate copying in lekking
species. J Theor Biol 174:261–267
Erisman BE, Buckhorn ML, Hastings PA (2007) Spawning patterns in the leopard grouper,
Mycteroperca rosacea , in comparison with other aggregating groupers. Mar Biol 151:1849–1861
Evans LE, Ardia DR, Flux JEC (2009) Breeding synchrony through social stimulation in a spatially segregated population of European starlings. Anim Behav 78:671–675
Fishelson L, Montgomery LW, Myrberg AA (1987) Biology of surgeonfi sh Acanthurus nigrofuscus
with emphasis on changeover in diet and annual gonadal cycles. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 39:37–47
Gaudette J, Wahle RA, Himmelman JH (2006) Spawning events in small and large populations of
the green sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis as recorded using fertilization assays.
Limnol Oceanogr 51:1485–1496
Gibson RM, Bachman GC (1992) The cost of female choice in a lekking bird. Behav Ecol
3:300–309
Gladstone W (1986) Spawning behaviour of the bumphead parrotfi sh Bolmometopon muricatum
at Yonge Reef, Great Barrier Reef. Jpn J Ichthyol 33:326–328
Gladstone W (2007a) Selection of a spawning aggregation site by Chromis hypsilepis (Pisces:
Pomacentridae): habitat structure, transport potential, and food availability. Mar Ecol Prog Ser
351:235–247