82. Austin M (2013) Inconsistencies between theory and methodology: a recurrent problem in
ordination studies. J Veg Sci 24:251–268
83. Linke S, Norris RH, Faith DP et al (2005) ANNA: a new prediction method for bioassessment
programs. Freshw Biol 50:147–158
84. Olden JD (2003) A species-specific approach to modeling biological communities and its
potential for conservation. Conserv Biol 17:854–863
85. Bowman MF, Somers KM (2005) Considerations when using the reference condition
approach for bioassessment of freshwater ecosystems. Water Qual Res J Can 40:347–360
86. Melles S, Jones N, Schmidt B (2014) Evaluation of current approaches to stream classification and a heuristic guide to developing classifications of integrated aquatic networks.
Environ Manage 53:549–566
87. Ode PR, Hawkins CP, Mazor RD (2008) Comparability of biological assessments derived
from predictive models and multimetric indices of increasing geographic scope. J North Am
Benthol Soc 27:967–985
88. Aroviita J, Koskenniemi E, Kotanen J et al (2008) A priori typology-based prediction of
benthic macroinvertebrate fauna for ecological classification of rivers. Environ Manage
42:894–906
89. Joy M, Death R (2002) Predictive modelling of freshwater fish as a biomonitoring tool in
New Zealand. Freshw Biol 47:2261–2275
90. Clarke RT, Wright JF, Furse MT (2003) RIVPACS models for predicting the expected
macroinvertebrate fauna and assessing the ecological quality of rivers. Ecol Model
160:219–233
91. Hawkins CP (2006) Quantifying biological integrity by taxonomic completeness: its utility in
regional and global assessments. Ecol Appl 16:1277–1294
92. Simpson J, Norris R, Wright J et al (2000) Biological assessment of river quality: development of AUSRIVAS models and outputs. In: Wright J, Sutcliffe D, Furse M (eds) Assessing
the biological quality of fresh waters: RIVPACS and other techniques. Freshwater Biological
Association, Ambleside
93. Van Sickle J (2008) An index of compositional dissimilarity between observed and expected
assemblages. J North Am Benthol Soc 27:227–235
94. Van Sickle J, Larsen DP, Hawkins CP (2007) Exclusion of rare taxa affects performance of
the O/E index in bioassessments. J North Am Benthol Soc 26:319–331
95. Bates Prins SC, Smith EP (2007) Using biological metrics to score and evaluate sites: a
nearest-neighbour reference condition approach. Freshw Biol 52:98–111
96. Moss D, Wright J, Sutcliffe D et al (2000) Evolution of statistical methods in RIVPACS. In:
Wright J, Sutcliffe D, Furse M (eds) Assessing the biological quality of fresh waters:
RIVPACS and other techniques. Freshwater Biological Association, Ambleside
97. Hoang H, Recknagel F, Marshall J et al (2001) Predictive modelling of macroinvertebrate
assemblages for stream habitat assessments in Queensland (Australia). Ecol Model 146:195–
206
98. Waite IR, Brown LR, Kennen JG et al (2010) Comparison of watershed disturbance predictive models for stream benthic macroinvertebrates for three distinct ecoregions in western
US. Ecol Indic 10:1125–1136
99. McCormick FH, Hughes RM, Kaufmann PR et al (2001) Development of an index of biotic
integrity for the Mid-Atlantic Highlands region. Trans Am Fish Soc 130:857–877
100. Oberdorff T, Pont D, Hugueny B et al (2002) Development and validation of a fish-based
index for the assessment of river health in France. Freshw Biol 47:1720–1734
101. Vander Laan JJ, Hawkins CP (2014) Enhancing the performance and interpretation of
freshwater biological indices: an application in arid zone streams. Ecol Indic 36:470–482
102. Cao Y, Hawkins CP, Olson J et al (2007) Modeling natural environmental gradients improves
the accuracy and precision of diatom-based indicators. J North Am Benthol Soc 26:566–585
103. Yuan LL (2004) Assigning macroinvertebrate tolerance classifications using generalised
additive models. Freshw Biol 49:662–677
104. Wintle BA, McCarthy MA, Volinsky CT et al (2003) The use of Bayesian model averaging to
better represent uncertainty in ecological models. Conserv Biol 17:1579–1590
Principles for the Development of Contemporary Bioassessment Indices for. . .
263
ordination studies. J Veg Sci 24:251–268
83. Linke S, Norris RH, Faith DP et al (2005) ANNA: a new prediction method for bioassessment
programs. Freshw Biol 50:147–158
84. Olden JD (2003) A species-specific approach to modeling biological communities and its
potential for conservation. Conserv Biol 17:854–863
85. Bowman MF, Somers KM (2005) Considerations when using the reference condition
approach for bioassessment of freshwater ecosystems. Water Qual Res J Can 40:347–360
86. Melles S, Jones N, Schmidt B (2014) Evaluation of current approaches to stream classification and a heuristic guide to developing classifications of integrated aquatic networks.
Environ Manage 53:549–566
87. Ode PR, Hawkins CP, Mazor RD (2008) Comparability of biological assessments derived
from predictive models and multimetric indices of increasing geographic scope. J North Am
Benthol Soc 27:967–985
88. Aroviita J, Koskenniemi E, Kotanen J et al (2008) A priori typology-based prediction of
benthic macroinvertebrate fauna for ecological classification of rivers. Environ Manage
42:894–906
89. Joy M, Death R (2002) Predictive modelling of freshwater fish as a biomonitoring tool in
New Zealand. Freshw Biol 47:2261–2275
90. Clarke RT, Wright JF, Furse MT (2003) RIVPACS models for predicting the expected
macroinvertebrate fauna and assessing the ecological quality of rivers. Ecol Model
160:219–233
91. Hawkins CP (2006) Quantifying biological integrity by taxonomic completeness: its utility in
regional and global assessments. Ecol Appl 16:1277–1294
92. Simpson J, Norris R, Wright J et al (2000) Biological assessment of river quality: development of AUSRIVAS models and outputs. In: Wright J, Sutcliffe D, Furse M (eds) Assessing
the biological quality of fresh waters: RIVPACS and other techniques. Freshwater Biological
Association, Ambleside
93. Van Sickle J (2008) An index of compositional dissimilarity between observed and expected
assemblages. J North Am Benthol Soc 27:227–235
94. Van Sickle J, Larsen DP, Hawkins CP (2007) Exclusion of rare taxa affects performance of
the O/E index in bioassessments. J North Am Benthol Soc 26:319–331
95. Bates Prins SC, Smith EP (2007) Using biological metrics to score and evaluate sites: a
nearest-neighbour reference condition approach. Freshw Biol 52:98–111
96. Moss D, Wright J, Sutcliffe D et al (2000) Evolution of statistical methods in RIVPACS. In:
Wright J, Sutcliffe D, Furse M (eds) Assessing the biological quality of fresh waters:
RIVPACS and other techniques. Freshwater Biological Association, Ambleside
97. Hoang H, Recknagel F, Marshall J et al (2001) Predictive modelling of macroinvertebrate
assemblages for stream habitat assessments in Queensland (Australia). Ecol Model 146:195–
206
98. Waite IR, Brown LR, Kennen JG et al (2010) Comparison of watershed disturbance predictive models for stream benthic macroinvertebrates for three distinct ecoregions in western
US. Ecol Indic 10:1125–1136
99. McCormick FH, Hughes RM, Kaufmann PR et al (2001) Development of an index of biotic
integrity for the Mid-Atlantic Highlands region. Trans Am Fish Soc 130:857–877
100. Oberdorff T, Pont D, Hugueny B et al (2002) Development and validation of a fish-based
index for the assessment of river health in France. Freshw Biol 47:1720–1734
101. Vander Laan JJ, Hawkins CP (2014) Enhancing the performance and interpretation of
freshwater biological indices: an application in arid zone streams. Ecol Indic 36:470–482
102. Cao Y, Hawkins CP, Olson J et al (2007) Modeling natural environmental gradients improves
the accuracy and precision of diatom-based indicators. J North Am Benthol Soc 26:566–585
103. Yuan LL (2004) Assigning macroinvertebrate tolerance classifications using generalised
additive models. Freshw Biol 49:662–677
104. Wintle BA, McCarthy MA, Volinsky CT et al (2003) The use of Bayesian model averaging to
better represent uncertainty in ecological models. Conserv Biol 17:1579–1590
Principles for the Development of Contemporary Bioassessment Indices for. . .
263