R. Bouscaren et al. : Inventory of Pollutant Emissions into Atmosphere in Europe
137
4 CORINAIR METHODOLOGY
4.1 General principles
• Technology oriented inventory
The chosen type of inventory for CORINAIR is the technology oriented inventory
(rather than economy or product oriented) because pollutant emissions are
basically technology dependent.
• Mixture of Bottom-up and Top-down approach
When the information is known at the lowest territorial unit level, information at
the upper level is then deduced (Bottom-up approach). But when information is
known at a high level of the territorial unit and is unknown in some lower
territorial units: CORINAIR methodology proposes a procedure to split values
from top to bottom level according to well correlated data (surrogate data).
• Area sources and point sources
In CORINAIR methodology sources emitting pollutants are divided into two
classes:
• area sources relate to all diffuse or mobile sources, and to mmor
localized sources.
point sources relate to important localized sources (see criteria in
"inventory specifications").
The area sources are treated collectively within territorial units, while point sources
are treated individually with many details.
• Emission estimation principle
For area sources, the emissions are estimated for one given activity and
one given territorial unit with the simple equation:
E=AxEF
(E: emissions, A: activity value for the reference year, EF: emission
factor).
For point sources the emissions are either directly input when they are
known from measurements, mass balance, ... or they are estimated by
way of emission factors (E = A x EF).
137
4 CORINAIR METHODOLOGY
4.1 General principles
• Technology oriented inventory
The chosen type of inventory for CORINAIR is the technology oriented inventory
(rather than economy or product oriented) because pollutant emissions are
basically technology dependent.
• Mixture of Bottom-up and Top-down approach
When the information is known at the lowest territorial unit level, information at
the upper level is then deduced (Bottom-up approach). But when information is
known at a high level of the territorial unit and is unknown in some lower
territorial units: CORINAIR methodology proposes a procedure to split values
from top to bottom level according to well correlated data (surrogate data).
• Area sources and point sources
In CORINAIR methodology sources emitting pollutants are divided into two
classes:
• area sources relate to all diffuse or mobile sources, and to mmor
localized sources.
point sources relate to important localized sources (see criteria in
"inventory specifications").
The area sources are treated collectively within territorial units, while point sources
are treated individually with many details.
• Emission estimation principle
For area sources, the emissions are estimated for one given activity and
one given territorial unit with the simple equation:
E=AxEF
(E: emissions, A: activity value for the reference year, EF: emission
factor).
For point sources the emissions are either directly input when they are
known from measurements, mass balance, ... or they are estimated by
way of emission factors (E = A x EF).