troublesome. GR rudiments can easily be confused with
tooth patches on gill arch, and are left out of GR counts for
this genus.
KEY TO SPECIES
la Two scales between LL and 1st D (ignore small
scales along base offin) ...................................................... 2
Ib One scale between LL and 1st D; developed
GR 9-12; 5 narrow black stripes along side of body;
midventral stripe from isthmus to anus; caudal
spot small, encircled with yellow (in live fish) .. .. C. quinquelineatus
2a Body with 10-15 dark stripes, alternately narrow
and wider; Prays 14 (rarely 13) ............................................ 3
2b Body with 8-10 dark stripes, subequal in width,
P 13 ............................................................................... 4
3a Body with 10-12 stripes, some dark and distinct,
others narrower and lighter; caudal spot about pupil
size or larger; sometimes a diffuse light brown
band around peduncle ............................................ C. lachneri
3b Body with 13-15 dark stripes, varying in width; wide
black band around peduncle ........... .. ....................... C. caninus
4a Body with 8-10 dark brown stripes, subequal in
width and intensity and subequal or wider than
interspaces; brown, sometimes diffuse band around
peduncle; developed G R 8-10 .............................. .... C. lineatus
4b Body with 8-10 dark brown stripes, subequal in width
but distinctly narrower than interspaces; sometimes
a few stripes lighter, alternating with darker ones;
caudal spot about size of pupil or slightly larger,
encircled with yellow (in live specimens);
developed GR 12-14 ................................. .. ...... : ........ C. artus
Wolf cardinal
175.33 Cheilodipterus artus
Smith, 1961
Wolf-kardinaal
Cheilodipterus artus Smith, 1961: 409, PI. 50, Fig. F (Seychelles).
Cheilodipterus lineatus (non Lacepede): Smith, 1961: 205, No. 471 (in
part). Cheilodipterus lachneri australis Smith, 1961: 408, PI. 50, Fig. B (in
part, holotype only, paratypes C. lachneri).
D VI + 1,9; A 11,8; P 13; LL 28; predorsal scales 6; developed GR 14 in
young specimens « 7 cm SL), 12 in adults. Depth 3.4-3.7, head 2.5-2.7in
SL; eye 3.1-3.3, snout 4.1-4.2 in head.
A tentative identification of specimens (in poor condition) previously identified as C. lineatus and C. lachneri australis (subspecies holotype). Closely related to C. lineatus
175.33 Cheilodipterus artus: 11.5 cm holotype (Seychelles).
175: APOGONIDAE (CARDINAL FISHES)
from which it differs in general lighter colour and presence
of a small caudal spot (see Key for other differences). Attains 12 cm. Seychelles, Zanzibar to Inhaca Id.
175.34 Cheilodipterus caninus
Smith,1949
PLATE 50
Dogtooth cardinal
Hoektand-kardinaal
Cheilodipterus caninus Smith, SFSA No. 472, PI. 22 (Inhaca); 1955: 690;
1961: 408*.
D VI + 1,9; A 11,8; P 14; LL 28; predorsal scales 6; total developed GR
12. Depth 3.2-3.5, head 2.6-2.8 in SL; eye 3.2-3.4, snout 4.2-4.5 in head.
General colour dark green or brown; stripes on upper
half of body sometimes irregular orwavy; tip of 1st D black.
Attains 16 cm. Western Indian Ocean; Red Sea to Inhaca
Id.
175.35 Cheilodipterus lachneri
Klausewitz, 1959
Arrowtooth cardinal
Pyltand-kardinaal
Cheilodipterus lachneri Klausewitz, 1959: 260, Fig. 11 (Red Sea);
Smith, 1961: 408*. Cheilodipterus lineatus (non Lacepede): Smith, SFSA
No. 471* (in part). Cheilodipterus lachneri australis Smith, 1961: 408, PI.
50, Fig. B (Inhaca Id.).
D VI+I,9; A 11,8; P 14; LL 28; predorsal scales 6; developed GR 12
(rarety 13). Depth 3.3-3.5, head 2.8-3.0 in SL; eye 2.8-3.1, snout 4.0-4.1 in
head.
General colour light brown; tip of 1st D dark. Attains 12
cm. Western Indian Ocean, Red Sea to Inhaca Id.
175.35 Cheilodipterus lachneri: 8 cm holotype of subspecies australis (Inhaca
Id.).
175.36 Cheilodipterus lineatus
Lacepede,1802
PLATES 50 & 51
Tiger cardinal
Tier-kardinaal
Cheilodipterus lineatus Lacepede, 1802 (Vol. III): 539, PI. 34, Fig. 1;
Smith, SFSA No. 471 (in part); 1961 : 408* .
D IV + 1,9; A 11,8; P 13 (rarely 12); LL 28; predorsal scales 5; developed
GR 10 in young, reduced to 8 in adults. Depth 3.2-3.5, head 2.6-2.7 in SL;
eye 3.3-3.4, snout 4.4-4.6 in head.
555
tooth patches on gill arch, and are left out of GR counts for
this genus.
KEY TO SPECIES
la Two scales between LL and 1st D (ignore small
scales along base offin) ...................................................... 2
Ib One scale between LL and 1st D; developed
GR 9-12; 5 narrow black stripes along side of body;
midventral stripe from isthmus to anus; caudal
spot small, encircled with yellow (in live fish) .. .. C. quinquelineatus
2a Body with 10-15 dark stripes, alternately narrow
and wider; Prays 14 (rarely 13) ............................................ 3
2b Body with 8-10 dark stripes, subequal in width,
P 13 ............................................................................... 4
3a Body with 10-12 stripes, some dark and distinct,
others narrower and lighter; caudal spot about pupil
size or larger; sometimes a diffuse light brown
band around peduncle ............................................ C. lachneri
3b Body with 13-15 dark stripes, varying in width; wide
black band around peduncle ........... .. ....................... C. caninus
4a Body with 8-10 dark brown stripes, subequal in
width and intensity and subequal or wider than
interspaces; brown, sometimes diffuse band around
peduncle; developed G R 8-10 .............................. .... C. lineatus
4b Body with 8-10 dark brown stripes, subequal in width
but distinctly narrower than interspaces; sometimes
a few stripes lighter, alternating with darker ones;
caudal spot about size of pupil or slightly larger,
encircled with yellow (in live specimens);
developed GR 12-14 ................................. .. ...... : ........ C. artus
Wolf cardinal
175.33 Cheilodipterus artus
Smith, 1961
Wolf-kardinaal
Cheilodipterus artus Smith, 1961: 409, PI. 50, Fig. F (Seychelles).
Cheilodipterus lineatus (non Lacepede): Smith, 1961: 205, No. 471 (in
part). Cheilodipterus lachneri australis Smith, 1961: 408, PI. 50, Fig. B (in
part, holotype only, paratypes C. lachneri).
D VI + 1,9; A 11,8; P 13; LL 28; predorsal scales 6; developed GR 14 in
young specimens « 7 cm SL), 12 in adults. Depth 3.4-3.7, head 2.5-2.7in
SL; eye 3.1-3.3, snout 4.1-4.2 in head.
A tentative identification of specimens (in poor condition) previously identified as C. lineatus and C. lachneri australis (subspecies holotype). Closely related to C. lineatus
175.33 Cheilodipterus artus: 11.5 cm holotype (Seychelles).
175: APOGONIDAE (CARDINAL FISHES)
from which it differs in general lighter colour and presence
of a small caudal spot (see Key for other differences). Attains 12 cm. Seychelles, Zanzibar to Inhaca Id.
175.34 Cheilodipterus caninus
Smith,1949
PLATE 50
Dogtooth cardinal
Hoektand-kardinaal
Cheilodipterus caninus Smith, SFSA No. 472, PI. 22 (Inhaca); 1955: 690;
1961: 408*.
D VI + 1,9; A 11,8; P 14; LL 28; predorsal scales 6; total developed GR
12. Depth 3.2-3.5, head 2.6-2.8 in SL; eye 3.2-3.4, snout 4.2-4.5 in head.
General colour dark green or brown; stripes on upper
half of body sometimes irregular orwavy; tip of 1st D black.
Attains 16 cm. Western Indian Ocean; Red Sea to Inhaca
Id.
175.35 Cheilodipterus lachneri
Klausewitz, 1959
Arrowtooth cardinal
Pyltand-kardinaal
Cheilodipterus lachneri Klausewitz, 1959: 260, Fig. 11 (Red Sea);
Smith, 1961: 408*. Cheilodipterus lineatus (non Lacepede): Smith, SFSA
No. 471* (in part). Cheilodipterus lachneri australis Smith, 1961: 408, PI.
50, Fig. B (Inhaca Id.).
D VI+I,9; A 11,8; P 14; LL 28; predorsal scales 6; developed GR 12
(rarety 13). Depth 3.3-3.5, head 2.8-3.0 in SL; eye 2.8-3.1, snout 4.0-4.1 in
head.
General colour light brown; tip of 1st D dark. Attains 12
cm. Western Indian Ocean, Red Sea to Inhaca Id.
175.35 Cheilodipterus lachneri: 8 cm holotype of subspecies australis (Inhaca
Id.).
175.36 Cheilodipterus lineatus
Lacepede,1802
PLATES 50 & 51
Tiger cardinal
Tier-kardinaal
Cheilodipterus lineatus Lacepede, 1802 (Vol. III): 539, PI. 34, Fig. 1;
Smith, SFSA No. 471 (in part); 1961 : 408* .
D IV + 1,9; A 11,8; P 13 (rarely 12); LL 28; predorsal scales 5; developed
GR 10 in young, reduced to 8 in adults. Depth 3.2-3.5, head 2.6-2.7 in SL;
eye 3.3-3.4, snout 4.4-4.6 in head.
555