86: MYCfOPHIDAE (LANTERNFISHES)
Attains 157 mm. High-oceanic, mesopelagic; nyc toepipelagic at surface. In southern Benguela Upwelling Region north to 25°S. Circumglobal in and south of Subtropical
Convergence.
86.121 Symbolophorus evermanni
(Gilbert, 1905)
Myctophum evermanni Gilbert, 1905: 597 (south of Oahu, Hawaii).
Symbolophorus evermanni: Nafpaktitis & Nafpaktitis, 1969: 29*; Kotthaus, 1972: 26*; Wisner, 1976: 50*; Gj0saeter, 1981: 220*; Gj0saeter &
Beck, 1981: 257; Hulley, 1984: 88*.
D 13-16; A 19-21; P 14-16; GR (5-6)+(14-15); AO (7-9)+(4-6). Mature
males with supracaudalluminous gland, comprising 4-6 non-overlapping,
scale-like structures; mature females with infracaudalluminous gland of
about 5 oval-shaped, non-overlapping patches.
Attains 80 mm. High-oceanic, mesopelagic; nyctoepipelagic at surface. In Agulhas Current south to about
33°S; tropical waters of Indo-Pacific.
~
----------------86.121 Symbolophorus evermanni: 6 em SL.
86.122 Symbolophorus rufinus
(Taning, 1928)
Myctophum rufinum Ti'tning, 1928: 54 (15°50'N, 26°32'W). Symbolophorus rufinus: Nafpaktitis & Nafpaktitis, 1969: 29*; Kotthaus, 1972:
26*; Hulley, 1981: 100* .
D 14-16; A 20-22; P 15-17; GR (5-6)+(14-17); AO (7-9)+(5-7). Mature
males with supracaudalluminous gland of 5-6 non-overlapping, scale-like
structures; mature females with infracaudalluminous gland of 3-4 nonoverlapping patches.
Attains 94 mm. High-oceanic, mesopelagic; 425 - 850 m
(day); from surface to 125 m (night). Not yet recorded from
our area. Atlantic (400N-28°S) and equatorial Indian
Ocean.
86.122 Symbolophorus rufinus: 6.5 em SL female (after Nafpaktitis et aI.,
1977).
320
Genus Taaningichthys Bolin, 1959
Maxilla slightly expanded posteriorly, extending well
past orbit; A base equal to or slightly longer than Dbase.
Dn absent; Vn present; body photophores present or
absent; when present: 5-7 PO; 3-10 VO; 1 SAO, at or
slightly below horizontal septum; AO series divided into
AOa and AOp; 1 Pol; 2+ 1 Prc. Both sexes with large,
undivided supracaudal and infracaudal luminous gland.
Three species, 2 in our area.
KEY TO SPECIES
1a VO 8-10; AO 9-13; Pol directly below or anterior to
base of adipose fin; PrcI-Pr~ interspace equal to or
greater than 2 photophore-diameters; broad-based,
hook-like teeth on dentary near symphysis .. ............... T. minimus
1b VO 3-5; AO 3-4; Pol behind base of adipose fin;
PrcI-Pr~ interspace equal to or less than 1
photophore-diameter; no hook-like teeth on
dentary near symphysis ............. ........................ T. bathyphilus
86.123 Taaningichthys bathyphilus
(Taning, 1928)
Lampadena bathyphila Ti'tning, 1928: 63 (25°11'N, 20 0 57'W). Taaningichthys bathyphilus: Davy, 1972: 70*; Wisner, 1976: 145*; Nafpaktitis et
aI., 1977: 189*; Hulley, 1981: 168*; 1984: 89*.
D 11-14; A 12-14; P 12-13; GR (3-4)+(8-10); AO (2-3)+ 1.
Attains 80 mm. High-oceanic, bathypelagic; generally
below 675 m (night), shallowest depth of capture 400m. Off
east coast (30 0 -33°S); widespread species in all 3 oceans
(43°N-68°S).
86.123 Taaningichthys bathyphilus: 5 em SL.
86.124 Taaningichthys minimus
(Taning, 1928)
Lampadena minima Ti'lning, 1928: 63 (15°50'N, 26°32'W); Norman,
1930: 336. Taaningichthys minimus: Nafpaktitis & Nafpaktitis, 1969: 39*;
Davy, 1972: 69*; Wisner, 1976: 147*; Hulley, 1981: 168*.
D 11-13; A 12-13; P 15-17; GR (4-5)+(10-13); AO (4-7)+(4-6).
Attains 65 mm. High-oceanic, mesopelagic; 600 - 800 m
(day); 90 - 600 m (night). In our area at 34°05'15"S,
16°00'45"E. Atlantic (400-20 0 N and 08°-38°S), Indian Ocean
(200-30 0 S), and central and eastern North Pacific (35°12°N).
Attains 157 mm. High-oceanic, mesopelagic; nyc toepipelagic at surface. In southern Benguela Upwelling Region north to 25°S. Circumglobal in and south of Subtropical
Convergence.
86.121 Symbolophorus evermanni
(Gilbert, 1905)
Myctophum evermanni Gilbert, 1905: 597 (south of Oahu, Hawaii).
Symbolophorus evermanni: Nafpaktitis & Nafpaktitis, 1969: 29*; Kotthaus, 1972: 26*; Wisner, 1976: 50*; Gj0saeter, 1981: 220*; Gj0saeter &
Beck, 1981: 257; Hulley, 1984: 88*.
D 13-16; A 19-21; P 14-16; GR (5-6)+(14-15); AO (7-9)+(4-6). Mature
males with supracaudalluminous gland, comprising 4-6 non-overlapping,
scale-like structures; mature females with infracaudalluminous gland of
about 5 oval-shaped, non-overlapping patches.
Attains 80 mm. High-oceanic, mesopelagic; nyctoepipelagic at surface. In Agulhas Current south to about
33°S; tropical waters of Indo-Pacific.
~
----------------86.121 Symbolophorus evermanni: 6 em SL.
86.122 Symbolophorus rufinus
(Taning, 1928)
Myctophum rufinum Ti'tning, 1928: 54 (15°50'N, 26°32'W). Symbolophorus rufinus: Nafpaktitis & Nafpaktitis, 1969: 29*; Kotthaus, 1972:
26*; Hulley, 1981: 100* .
D 14-16; A 20-22; P 15-17; GR (5-6)+(14-17); AO (7-9)+(5-7). Mature
males with supracaudalluminous gland of 5-6 non-overlapping, scale-like
structures; mature females with infracaudalluminous gland of 3-4 nonoverlapping patches.
Attains 94 mm. High-oceanic, mesopelagic; 425 - 850 m
(day); from surface to 125 m (night). Not yet recorded from
our area. Atlantic (400N-28°S) and equatorial Indian
Ocean.
86.122 Symbolophorus rufinus: 6.5 em SL female (after Nafpaktitis et aI.,
1977).
320
Genus Taaningichthys Bolin, 1959
Maxilla slightly expanded posteriorly, extending well
past orbit; A base equal to or slightly longer than Dbase.
Dn absent; Vn present; body photophores present or
absent; when present: 5-7 PO; 3-10 VO; 1 SAO, at or
slightly below horizontal septum; AO series divided into
AOa and AOp; 1 Pol; 2+ 1 Prc. Both sexes with large,
undivided supracaudal and infracaudal luminous gland.
Three species, 2 in our area.
KEY TO SPECIES
1a VO 8-10; AO 9-13; Pol directly below or anterior to
base of adipose fin; PrcI-Pr~ interspace equal to or
greater than 2 photophore-diameters; broad-based,
hook-like teeth on dentary near symphysis .. ............... T. minimus
1b VO 3-5; AO 3-4; Pol behind base of adipose fin;
PrcI-Pr~ interspace equal to or less than 1
photophore-diameter; no hook-like teeth on
dentary near symphysis ............. ........................ T. bathyphilus
86.123 Taaningichthys bathyphilus
(Taning, 1928)
Lampadena bathyphila Ti'tning, 1928: 63 (25°11'N, 20 0 57'W). Taaningichthys bathyphilus: Davy, 1972: 70*; Wisner, 1976: 145*; Nafpaktitis et
aI., 1977: 189*; Hulley, 1981: 168*; 1984: 89*.
D 11-14; A 12-14; P 12-13; GR (3-4)+(8-10); AO (2-3)+ 1.
Attains 80 mm. High-oceanic, bathypelagic; generally
below 675 m (night), shallowest depth of capture 400m. Off
east coast (30 0 -33°S); widespread species in all 3 oceans
(43°N-68°S).
86.123 Taaningichthys bathyphilus: 5 em SL.
86.124 Taaningichthys minimus
(Taning, 1928)
Lampadena minima Ti'lning, 1928: 63 (15°50'N, 26°32'W); Norman,
1930: 336. Taaningichthys minimus: Nafpaktitis & Nafpaktitis, 1969: 39*;
Davy, 1972: 69*; Wisner, 1976: 147*; Hulley, 1981: 168*.
D 11-13; A 12-13; P 15-17; GR (4-5)+(10-13); AO (4-7)+(4-6).
Attains 65 mm. High-oceanic, mesopelagic; 600 - 800 m
(day); 90 - 600 m (night). In our area at 34°05'15"S,
16°00'45"E. Atlantic (400-20 0 N and 08°-38°S), Indian Ocean
(200-30 0 S), and central and eastern North Pacific (35°12°N).