86.124 Taaningichthys minimus: 5.5 em SL female lectotype (after Nafpaktitis et aI., 1977).
Genus Triphoturus Fraser-Brunner, 1949
Maxilla abruptly enlarged posteriorly, extending well
past orbit; A base longer than Dbase. Dn absent; Vn
present; 5 PO; 5 VO; SAO series angulate; AO series
divided into AOa and AOp; 2 Pol; 3 Prc; series of overlapping, luminous scales supracaudally and infracaudally in
both sexes, immediately in front of procurrent C rays. Two
species; 1 in our area.
Family No. 87: NEOSCOPELIDAE
by P.A. Hulley
Blackchins
Swartkenne
Body elongate; head and body compressed. Mouth
terminal; jaws extending to or beyond rear margin of orbit.
Maxilla greatly expanded posteriorly and truncate; supramaxilla present. Teeth small, present on jaws, vomer and
palatines. Pectoral fins well developed, reaching to about
anus. Origin of ventral fins well behind vertical through
pectoral fin base. Origin of dorsal fin above ventral base;
anal fin posterior to dorsal fin. Adipose fin present. Luminous organs on head absent. Photophores on body present
or absent.
Benthopelagic over continental and island slope regions
or oceanic, bathypelagic in tropical and subtropical waters
off all three oceans. Three genera; Solivomer Miller, 1947 is
not represented in our area.
KEY TO GENERA
la Photophores on body present; eyes large, their
diameter not more than 5 times in head length;
maxilla extending to, or less than 1 eye diameter
beyond, vertical at rear margin of orbit .................... Neoscopelus
Ib Photophores on body absent; eyes small, their
diameter more than 7 times in head length;
maxilla reaches at least 1 eye diameter past
orbit .. ... .. ..... .. .. . .... .. .. . . . .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. . . . . . .. .. Scopelengys
Genus Neoscopelus Johnson, 1863
Scales deciduous. Swim bladder well developed. Luminous organs in a single series on tongue; midventral and
87: NEOSCOPELIDAE (BLACKCHINS)
86.125 Triphoturus nigrescens
(Brauer, 1904)
Myctophum (Lampanyctus) nigrescens Brauer, 1904: 403
(03°24'06"S,58°38'01"E); 1906: 241 *. Triphoturus microchir: Nafpaktitis
& Nafpaktitis, 1969: 55*; Kotthaus, 1972: 29*; Hulley, 1981: 205.
Triphoturus nigrescens: Wisner, 1976: 165*; Hulley, 1984: 90*.
D 13-15; A 15-18; P 8; GR 3+(8-9); AO (4-5)+(5-6).
Attains 40 mm. High-oceanic, mesopelagic; upper 24 m
(night). In Agulhas Current south to about 40 0 S. Indian
(08°N-15°S) and Pacific (30 0 N-300S) oceans.
86.125 Triphoturus nigrescens: 3.5 em SL.
bilateral rows of photophores on body. Three species; 2 in
our area. N. porosus Arai, 1969 is known from Japan.
KEY TO SPECIES
la LO photophores not reaching vertical through
A origin; total GR 10-12 ............................... N. macrolepidotus
Ib LO photophores reaching to about end of A
base; total GR 14-16 ........ ............ ....................... N. microchir
87.1 Neoscope/us macro/epidotus
Johnson, 1863
Neoscopelus macrolepidotus Johnson, 1863: 44, PI. 7 (off Madeira);
Barnard, 1925: 246; Smith, SFSA No. 190*; Nielsen, 1973: 170; Nafpaktitis, 1977: 6*.
~
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87.1 Neoscopelus macrolepidotus: 14 em SL.
321
Genus Triphoturus Fraser-Brunner, 1949
Maxilla abruptly enlarged posteriorly, extending well
past orbit; A base longer than Dbase. Dn absent; Vn
present; 5 PO; 5 VO; SAO series angulate; AO series
divided into AOa and AOp; 2 Pol; 3 Prc; series of overlapping, luminous scales supracaudally and infracaudally in
both sexes, immediately in front of procurrent C rays. Two
species; 1 in our area.
Family No. 87: NEOSCOPELIDAE
by P.A. Hulley
Blackchins
Swartkenne
Body elongate; head and body compressed. Mouth
terminal; jaws extending to or beyond rear margin of orbit.
Maxilla greatly expanded posteriorly and truncate; supramaxilla present. Teeth small, present on jaws, vomer and
palatines. Pectoral fins well developed, reaching to about
anus. Origin of ventral fins well behind vertical through
pectoral fin base. Origin of dorsal fin above ventral base;
anal fin posterior to dorsal fin. Adipose fin present. Luminous organs on head absent. Photophores on body present
or absent.
Benthopelagic over continental and island slope regions
or oceanic, bathypelagic in tropical and subtropical waters
off all three oceans. Three genera; Solivomer Miller, 1947 is
not represented in our area.
KEY TO GENERA
la Photophores on body present; eyes large, their
diameter not more than 5 times in head length;
maxilla extending to, or less than 1 eye diameter
beyond, vertical at rear margin of orbit .................... Neoscopelus
Ib Photophores on body absent; eyes small, their
diameter more than 7 times in head length;
maxilla reaches at least 1 eye diameter past
orbit .. ... .. ..... .. .. . .... .. .. . . . .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. . . . . . .. .. Scopelengys
Genus Neoscopelus Johnson, 1863
Scales deciduous. Swim bladder well developed. Luminous organs in a single series on tongue; midventral and
87: NEOSCOPELIDAE (BLACKCHINS)
86.125 Triphoturus nigrescens
(Brauer, 1904)
Myctophum (Lampanyctus) nigrescens Brauer, 1904: 403
(03°24'06"S,58°38'01"E); 1906: 241 *. Triphoturus microchir: Nafpaktitis
& Nafpaktitis, 1969: 55*; Kotthaus, 1972: 29*; Hulley, 1981: 205.
Triphoturus nigrescens: Wisner, 1976: 165*; Hulley, 1984: 90*.
D 13-15; A 15-18; P 8; GR 3+(8-9); AO (4-5)+(5-6).
Attains 40 mm. High-oceanic, mesopelagic; upper 24 m
(night). In Agulhas Current south to about 40 0 S. Indian
(08°N-15°S) and Pacific (30 0 N-300S) oceans.
86.125 Triphoturus nigrescens: 3.5 em SL.
bilateral rows of photophores on body. Three species; 2 in
our area. N. porosus Arai, 1969 is known from Japan.
KEY TO SPECIES
la LO photophores not reaching vertical through
A origin; total GR 10-12 ............................... N. macrolepidotus
Ib LO photophores reaching to about end of A
base; total GR 14-16 ........ ............ ....................... N. microchir
87.1 Neoscope/us macro/epidotus
Johnson, 1863
Neoscopelus macrolepidotus Johnson, 1863: 44, PI. 7 (off Madeira);
Barnard, 1925: 246; Smith, SFSA No. 190*; Nielsen, 1973: 170; Nafpaktitis, 1977: 6*.
~
" ~~ " \ " '-.
. ........... .
~
-.. --.--....... ~ ... -.--.-...... -.. -.. -
~
.,.
... >
. '
~"l'''''?''
,:)! ". ~","''7''''??''' ?
87.1 Neoscopelus macrolepidotus: 14 em SL.
321