5b Body scaleless; "gill-rakers" tooth-like on
bony bases . . .. .. . . ......... . .. Macroparalepis (in part)
6a Two parallel ventral bands of luminous tissue
on belly from between V to isthmus; prominent
black spot immediately before eye . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lestrolepis
6b No luminous organ on belly; no black spot before eye .. . . . . . 7
7a Body vertically striped; stripes caused by accessory
tubes, running from each LL scale to dorsal and
ventral midline . .. ... . . ... ....... . . . Notolepis (in part)
7b Body not vertically striped; LL scales normally shaped . . . . . . . 8
8a Ventral adipose fin absent between anus
and A; D 12-13 . .. .... .. . .. .... . Macroparalepis (in part)
8b Ventral adipose fin present between anus and A; D 8-10 .. .... 9
9a A 28-31 . .... . ... .. . ... .. .. . . . . ... ... .. Lestidiops
9b A 35-38 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stemonosudis
lOa 3-4 dark peritoneal sections in young; 59-73
vertebrae (urostyle excluded) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Magnisudis
lOb 9 or more peritoneal sections in young; 74-77
vertebrae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paralepis
Genus Lestidiops Hubbs, 1916
About 15 species, 2 in our area. The 2 species described
below belong to a L. sphyraenoides/jayakari-complex of 9
nominal species and subspecies. Possibly only 2 species are
valid and might be represented by different subspecies in
different areas; nevertheless, L. jayakari and L. similis as
described herein, are different species.
KEY TO SPECIES
la A 29-31 ; vertebrae 78-81 (without urostyle) . . . . . . . . L. jayakari
1 b A 28-30; vertebrae 86-91 . ... . .. ... . . . . .... .. .. L. simi/is
81.1 Lestidiops jayakari
(Boulenger, 1889)
Sudis jayakari Boulenger, 1889: 241, Fig. 1 (Gulf of Oman) ; Rofen,
1966: 346* .
D 9-10; A 29-31; P 11-12; LL 63-72; GR (5-8)+(22-28). Depth 10.313.3; head 4.6-5.6. Gill-plates with 1-3 teeth. Anterior nostril in front of
rear tip of maxilla. LL ending above 20th to 25th A ray.
Body pale, with dark dorsal band, formed by multiple
melanophores. Attains about 20 cm. Epipelagic to
bathypelagic from 50 to more than 2 000 m, mainly in
300 - 600 m; worldwide in tropical to temperate waters.
~
81.1 Lestidiops jayakari: 17 em Sl (after Rolen, 1966).
81 : PARALEPIDIDAE (BARRACUDINAS)
81.2 Lestidiops similis
(Ege,1933)
Paralepis simi/is Ege, 1933: 225 (eastern Atlantic, near Cape Verde);
Ege, 1953: 92*
D 9-10; A 28-30; P 11-12; LL 67-76; GR (7-10)+(25-28). Depth 11-15;
head 4.8-5.7. Gill-plates with 1-4 teeth. Anterior nostril in front of rear tip
of maxilla. LL ending above 20th to 25th A ray.
Body pale with greyish dorsal band, formed by multiple
minute melanophores (expanded 0,1-0.5 mm in diameter) .
Attains about 20 cm. Epipelagic to bathypelagic, mainly in
200 - 600 m; known from temperate and tropical Atlantic
between 45°N and 45°S.
81.2 Lestidiopssimilis: 5.5 em (S. Atlantic; after Ege, 1953).
Genus Lestidium Gilbert, 1905
Four species; 1 in our area.
81.3 Lestidium atlanticum
Borodin, 1928
Lestidium atlanticum Borodin, 1928: 10, PI. 1, Fig. 2 (Jamaica); Rofen,
1966: 308*.
D 9-10; A 26-30; P 12-13; LL 114-126; GR (10-12)+(30- 36). Depth
11-12.5; head 4.3-5 .0. Gill-plates with 1-3 teeth. Anterior nostril in front
of rear tip of maxilla. LL running from upper rim of operculum to C base.
Body pale, except for a greyish dorsal band formed by
tiny melanophores; C peduncle heavily pigmented in
adults, except for a light band along LL. Attains about
25 cm. Epipelagic to mesopelagic from 50 m (young) to
1000 m; tropical to subtropical in all oceans.
81.3 Lestidium atlanticum: 17 em Sl (after Rolen, 1966).
Genus Lestro/epis Harry, 1953
Three species; 1 in our area.
81.4 Lestrolepis intermedia
(Poey,1868)
Paralepis intermedius Poey , 1868: 416 (Cuba). Lestrolepis intermedia:
Rofen, 1966: 372* .
275
bony bases . . .. .. . . ......... . .. Macroparalepis (in part)
6a Two parallel ventral bands of luminous tissue
on belly from between V to isthmus; prominent
black spot immediately before eye . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lestrolepis
6b No luminous organ on belly; no black spot before eye .. . . . . . 7
7a Body vertically striped; stripes caused by accessory
tubes, running from each LL scale to dorsal and
ventral midline . .. ... . . ... ....... . . . Notolepis (in part)
7b Body not vertically striped; LL scales normally shaped . . . . . . . 8
8a Ventral adipose fin absent between anus
and A; D 12-13 . .. .... .. . .. .... . Macroparalepis (in part)
8b Ventral adipose fin present between anus and A; D 8-10 .. .... 9
9a A 28-31 . .... . ... .. . ... .. .. . . . . ... ... .. Lestidiops
9b A 35-38 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stemonosudis
lOa 3-4 dark peritoneal sections in young; 59-73
vertebrae (urostyle excluded) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Magnisudis
lOb 9 or more peritoneal sections in young; 74-77
vertebrae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paralepis
Genus Lestidiops Hubbs, 1916
About 15 species, 2 in our area. The 2 species described
below belong to a L. sphyraenoides/jayakari-complex of 9
nominal species and subspecies. Possibly only 2 species are
valid and might be represented by different subspecies in
different areas; nevertheless, L. jayakari and L. similis as
described herein, are different species.
KEY TO SPECIES
la A 29-31 ; vertebrae 78-81 (without urostyle) . . . . . . . . L. jayakari
1 b A 28-30; vertebrae 86-91 . ... . .. ... . . . . .... .. .. L. simi/is
81.1 Lestidiops jayakari
(Boulenger, 1889)
Sudis jayakari Boulenger, 1889: 241, Fig. 1 (Gulf of Oman) ; Rofen,
1966: 346* .
D 9-10; A 29-31; P 11-12; LL 63-72; GR (5-8)+(22-28). Depth 10.313.3; head 4.6-5.6. Gill-plates with 1-3 teeth. Anterior nostril in front of
rear tip of maxilla. LL ending above 20th to 25th A ray.
Body pale, with dark dorsal band, formed by multiple
melanophores. Attains about 20 cm. Epipelagic to
bathypelagic from 50 to more than 2 000 m, mainly in
300 - 600 m; worldwide in tropical to temperate waters.
~
81.1 Lestidiops jayakari: 17 em Sl (after Rolen, 1966).
81 : PARALEPIDIDAE (BARRACUDINAS)
81.2 Lestidiops similis
(Ege,1933)
Paralepis simi/is Ege, 1933: 225 (eastern Atlantic, near Cape Verde);
Ege, 1953: 92*
D 9-10; A 28-30; P 11-12; LL 67-76; GR (7-10)+(25-28). Depth 11-15;
head 4.8-5.7. Gill-plates with 1-4 teeth. Anterior nostril in front of rear tip
of maxilla. LL ending above 20th to 25th A ray.
Body pale with greyish dorsal band, formed by multiple
minute melanophores (expanded 0,1-0.5 mm in diameter) .
Attains about 20 cm. Epipelagic to bathypelagic, mainly in
200 - 600 m; known from temperate and tropical Atlantic
between 45°N and 45°S.
81.2 Lestidiopssimilis: 5.5 em (S. Atlantic; after Ege, 1953).
Genus Lestidium Gilbert, 1905
Four species; 1 in our area.
81.3 Lestidium atlanticum
Borodin, 1928
Lestidium atlanticum Borodin, 1928: 10, PI. 1, Fig. 2 (Jamaica); Rofen,
1966: 308*.
D 9-10; A 26-30; P 12-13; LL 114-126; GR (10-12)+(30- 36). Depth
11-12.5; head 4.3-5 .0. Gill-plates with 1-3 teeth. Anterior nostril in front
of rear tip of maxilla. LL running from upper rim of operculum to C base.
Body pale, except for a greyish dorsal band formed by
tiny melanophores; C peduncle heavily pigmented in
adults, except for a light band along LL. Attains about
25 cm. Epipelagic to mesopelagic from 50 m (young) to
1000 m; tropical to subtropical in all oceans.
81.3 Lestidium atlanticum: 17 em Sl (after Rolen, 1966).
Genus Lestro/epis Harry, 1953
Three species; 1 in our area.
81.4 Lestrolepis intermedia
(Poey,1868)
Paralepis intermedius Poey , 1868: 416 (Cuba). Lestrolepis intermedia:
Rofen, 1966: 372* .
275