teeth. Vomer toothed. Photophores: ORB 1, OP 2, BR 9-11, IV 12-14,
VAV 4-5, AC 14-17, IC31-34, OA8-9. Two ACbetween last A and 1st
procurrent Crays. Supracaudal gland massive, distinctly extending to D
base. Opercular gland conspicuous.
Variably light to dark brown or grey-brown; branchiostegal membrane diffusely pigmented. Attains ca. 65 mm.
Oceanic, juveniles and adults mainly between 500 -
1 000 m. Tropical/subtropical in all 3 major oceans; known
from 22°-28°S, 25°-30 0 W and off Cape Point.
74.2 Cye/othone aee/inidens: (after 8adcock, 1984).
74.3 Cyelothone alba
Brauer, 1906
Cyclothone signata var. alba Brauer, 1906: 80, Fig. 30 (Atlantic and
Indian oceans). CyclothonealbaMukhacheva, 1963: 101; 1964: 95*; 1974:
192; Kobayashi, 1973: 110.
D 12-15; A 17-20; P 9-10; V 6-7; branchiostegal rays 11- 13; total GR 1314; 1 in epi-ceratobranchial articulation; vertebrae 31-32. Gill filaments
fused. Pyloric caeca 4. Anus very close to V bases. Scales lacking. Premaxillary teeth even. Posterior maxillary teeth with longer teeth separated by smaller teeth; vomer toothless. Photophores: ORB 1, OP 2, BR
8-9, IV 13, VA V 3-4, AC 12, IC27-30, OA6. Usually 1 ACbetween last A
ray and 1st procurrent C ray. Opercular and precaudal glands inconspicuous.
Off-white with few melanophores: brown pigment conspicuous between A pterygiophores; branchiostegal membrane pigment discrete, as prominent streaks basal to BR,
along medial free edge and over branchiostegal rays.
Attains ca. 40 mm. Juveniles and adults in 300 - 600 m. All 3
major oceans; off Saldanha, South Africa.
74.3 Cye/othone alba: (after 8adcock, 1984).
. 74.4 Cyelothone braueri
Jespersen & Taning, 1926
Cyclothone braueri Jespersen & Ti'ming, 1926: 7, Figs. 4, 6, 7 (Mediterranean); Mukhacheva, 1964: 101*; 1974: 196; Kobayashi, 1973: 134.
Cyclothone signata: Smith, SFSA No. 146.
D 13-15; A 18-20; P 9-10; V 6-7; branchiostegal rays 12-14; total GR
15-18, none in epi-ceratobranchial articulation; vertebrae 30-32. Gill fila74: GONOSTOMATIDAE (BRISTLEMOUTHS)
ments fused. Pyloric caeca 3. Anus very close to V bases. Scales absent.
Premaxillary teeth even; posterior maxillary series with longer teeth separated by smaller teeth; vomer toothed. Photophores: ORB 1, OP 2, BR
8-10, IV 12- 13, VA V 4, AC 13-15, IC 29-31, OA 6-7.
Off-white, with stellate melanophores confined mainly
dorsally; brown pigment conspicuous between A
pterygiophores; branchiostegal membrane pigment similar
to C. alba, but often with additional stellate melanophore
between posterior branchiostegal rays. Attains ca. 38 mm.
Adults mainly in 200 - 900 m; Mediterranean, Atlantic, Indian and southwestern Pacific oceans; known from about
24°45'S along South African coast to 5°14'W.
74.4 eye/othone braueri: (after 8adcock, 1984).
74.5 Cyelothone mierodon
(Gunther, 1878)
Cyclothone microdon Gunther, 1878: 21, 187 (locality not given);
Smith, SFSA No. 149*; Mukhacheva, 1964: 111*; 1974: 214; Kobayashi,
1973: 215.
D 13-15; A 17-20; P 9-10; V 5-6; branchiostegal rays 12-15; total GR
19-23, none in epi-ceratobranchial articulation; vertebrae 31-33. Gill filaments fused. Pyloric caeca 3. Anus closer to V bases than to A origin.
Scales present. Premaxillary teeth even; posterior maxillary series with
longer teeth separated by smaller teeth; vomer toothed. Photophores:
ORB 1, OP 2, BR 9-11, IV 12-14, VAV 5, AC 14-15, IC 31-33, OA 8- 9.
One AC between last A ray and 1st procurrent C ray. Opercular and precaudal glands moderately developed.
Uniformly brown to brown-black; dense stellate pigment
over head, body and fins; branchiostegal membrane, mouth
and gill arches uniformly pigmented. Attains ca. 65 mm.
Juveniles and adults in 200 - 2 700 m in all 3 major oceans;
offshore, 22°-45°S and inshore from Saldanha to Mossel
Bay.
74.5 eye/othone mierodon: (after 8adcock, 1984) .
74.6 Cyelothone pal/ida
Brauer, 1902
Cyclothone pallida Brauer, 1902: 281 (Atlantic and Indian oceans);
Mukhacheva, 1964: 107*; 1974: 206; Kobayashi, 1973: 203; Badcock,
1982: 197.
249
VAV 4-5, AC 14-17, IC31-34, OA8-9. Two ACbetween last A and 1st
procurrent Crays. Supracaudal gland massive, distinctly extending to D
base. Opercular gland conspicuous.
Variably light to dark brown or grey-brown; branchiostegal membrane diffusely pigmented. Attains ca. 65 mm.
Oceanic, juveniles and adults mainly between 500 -
1 000 m. Tropical/subtropical in all 3 major oceans; known
from 22°-28°S, 25°-30 0 W and off Cape Point.
74.2 Cye/othone aee/inidens: (after 8adcock, 1984).
74.3 Cyelothone alba
Brauer, 1906
Cyclothone signata var. alba Brauer, 1906: 80, Fig. 30 (Atlantic and
Indian oceans). CyclothonealbaMukhacheva, 1963: 101; 1964: 95*; 1974:
192; Kobayashi, 1973: 110.
D 12-15; A 17-20; P 9-10; V 6-7; branchiostegal rays 11- 13; total GR 1314; 1 in epi-ceratobranchial articulation; vertebrae 31-32. Gill filaments
fused. Pyloric caeca 4. Anus very close to V bases. Scales lacking. Premaxillary teeth even. Posterior maxillary teeth with longer teeth separated by smaller teeth; vomer toothless. Photophores: ORB 1, OP 2, BR
8-9, IV 13, VA V 3-4, AC 12, IC27-30, OA6. Usually 1 ACbetween last A
ray and 1st procurrent C ray. Opercular and precaudal glands inconspicuous.
Off-white with few melanophores: brown pigment conspicuous between A pterygiophores; branchiostegal membrane pigment discrete, as prominent streaks basal to BR,
along medial free edge and over branchiostegal rays.
Attains ca. 40 mm. Juveniles and adults in 300 - 600 m. All 3
major oceans; off Saldanha, South Africa.
74.3 Cye/othone alba: (after 8adcock, 1984).
. 74.4 Cyelothone braueri
Jespersen & Taning, 1926
Cyclothone braueri Jespersen & Ti'ming, 1926: 7, Figs. 4, 6, 7 (Mediterranean); Mukhacheva, 1964: 101*; 1974: 196; Kobayashi, 1973: 134.
Cyclothone signata: Smith, SFSA No. 146.
D 13-15; A 18-20; P 9-10; V 6-7; branchiostegal rays 12-14; total GR
15-18, none in epi-ceratobranchial articulation; vertebrae 30-32. Gill fila74: GONOSTOMATIDAE (BRISTLEMOUTHS)
ments fused. Pyloric caeca 3. Anus very close to V bases. Scales absent.
Premaxillary teeth even; posterior maxillary series with longer teeth separated by smaller teeth; vomer toothed. Photophores: ORB 1, OP 2, BR
8-10, IV 12- 13, VA V 4, AC 13-15, IC 29-31, OA 6-7.
Off-white, with stellate melanophores confined mainly
dorsally; brown pigment conspicuous between A
pterygiophores; branchiostegal membrane pigment similar
to C. alba, but often with additional stellate melanophore
between posterior branchiostegal rays. Attains ca. 38 mm.
Adults mainly in 200 - 900 m; Mediterranean, Atlantic, Indian and southwestern Pacific oceans; known from about
24°45'S along South African coast to 5°14'W.
74.4 eye/othone braueri: (after 8adcock, 1984).
74.5 Cyelothone mierodon
(Gunther, 1878)
Cyclothone microdon Gunther, 1878: 21, 187 (locality not given);
Smith, SFSA No. 149*; Mukhacheva, 1964: 111*; 1974: 214; Kobayashi,
1973: 215.
D 13-15; A 17-20; P 9-10; V 5-6; branchiostegal rays 12-15; total GR
19-23, none in epi-ceratobranchial articulation; vertebrae 31-33. Gill filaments fused. Pyloric caeca 3. Anus closer to V bases than to A origin.
Scales present. Premaxillary teeth even; posterior maxillary series with
longer teeth separated by smaller teeth; vomer toothed. Photophores:
ORB 1, OP 2, BR 9-11, IV 12-14, VAV 5, AC 14-15, IC 31-33, OA 8- 9.
One AC between last A ray and 1st procurrent C ray. Opercular and precaudal glands moderately developed.
Uniformly brown to brown-black; dense stellate pigment
over head, body and fins; branchiostegal membrane, mouth
and gill arches uniformly pigmented. Attains ca. 65 mm.
Juveniles and adults in 200 - 2 700 m in all 3 major oceans;
offshore, 22°-45°S and inshore from Saldanha to Mossel
Bay.
74.5 eye/othone mierodon: (after 8adcock, 1984) .
74.6 Cyelothone pal/ida
Brauer, 1902
Cyclothone pallida Brauer, 1902: 281 (Atlantic and Indian oceans);
Mukhacheva, 1964: 107*; 1974: 206; Kobayashi, 1973: 203; Badcock,
1982: 197.
249