12 Distribution of Cd, Pb, As and Hg in Oyster Tissue, Sediment and Water. . .
151
Movement (inflow and outflow) of seawater was not discussed and correlated in
detail in this study. Hence further research correlating heavy metal concentrations
and the dynamics of water flow is highly recommended. Drainage patterns and
accessibility of bodies of water should also be studied to determine the point and
non-point sources of heavily-contaminated areas. Studies to lower heavy metal
levels in oysters can also be done to determine practices or methods to be employed
so these organisms may be safely used for public consumption.
Acknowledgement The authors extend their sincerest gratitude to Dr. Demian Willette of the
Old Dominion University ctPIRE Project for reviewing and giving invaluable comments to the
paper. Our gratitude is also extended to Undersecretary Segfredo R. Serrano of the Policy,
Planning, Research and Development and Regulation, Department of Agriculture (DA); Director
Nicomedes P. Elleazar, DA-Bureau of Agricultural Research (BAR); Hon. Leopoldo N. Bataoil,
House of Representative, 2nd District of Pangasinan and FAO for the partial travel grants to
the first author’s attendance to the 8th ICMSS held at Prince Edward Island, Canada. We also
express our appreciation to Dr. Westly R. Rosario of the DA-Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic
Resources (BFAR), National Integrated Fisheries Technology Development Center (NIFTDC) for
his initiatory efforts in conceptualizing this research; Ms. Adoracion V. Obinque and Ms. Virginia
Delos Santos in assisting the researchers in sample collection and to Mr. Arvin Joseph M. Dimaano,
DA-National Fisheries Research and Development Institute for doing some of the figures. This
study was supported by the research fund of the National Fisheries Research and Development
Institute, Philippines.
References
Ahmad MK, Islam S, Rahman S, Haque MR, Islam MM (2010) Heavy metals in water, sediment
and some fishes of Buriganga River. Bangladesh Int J Environ Res 4(2):321–332
Al-Madfa H, Abdel-Moati MAR, Al-Gimaly FH (1998) Pinctadaradiata (Pearl oyster): a bioindicator for metal pollution monitoring in the Qatari Waters (Arabian Gulf). Bull Environ Contam
Toxicol 60:245–251
American Public Health Association (APHA) (1980) Standard methods for the examination of
water and wastewater, 15th edn. American Public Health Association, American Waterworks
Association, and Water Pollution Control Federation, Washington, DC, p 1134
Apeti DA, Robinson L, Johnson E (2005) Relationship between heavy metal concentrations in the
American oyster (Crassostrea virginica) and metal levels in the water column and sediment in
Apachicola Bay. Fla Am J Environ Sci 1(3):179–186
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) (2005) Method 977.15 for mercury analysis in fish using alternative flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometric method. In:
Official methods of analysis of the AOAC International, 18th edn. AOAC International,
Gaithersburg, p 36
Australian Aid for International Development (AUSAID) (2007) Fish and fish products. Asean
guide. A guide to the identification of control of food safety hazards in the production of
fish and fish products in ASEAN region. Australian Government, AUSAID, Asean Secretariat,
Canberra
Bewick V, Cheek L, Ball J (2004) Statistics review 9: one-way analysis of variance. Crit Care
8(2):130–136. doi:10.1186/cc2836
Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS) (2009) Fisheries statistics of the Philippines 2004–2006.
Department of Agriculture-Bureau of Agricultural Statistics, Quezon City
151
Movement (inflow and outflow) of seawater was not discussed and correlated in
detail in this study. Hence further research correlating heavy metal concentrations
and the dynamics of water flow is highly recommended. Drainage patterns and
accessibility of bodies of water should also be studied to determine the point and
non-point sources of heavily-contaminated areas. Studies to lower heavy metal
levels in oysters can also be done to determine practices or methods to be employed
so these organisms may be safely used for public consumption.
Acknowledgement The authors extend their sincerest gratitude to Dr. Demian Willette of the
Old Dominion University ctPIRE Project for reviewing and giving invaluable comments to the
paper. Our gratitude is also extended to Undersecretary Segfredo R. Serrano of the Policy,
Planning, Research and Development and Regulation, Department of Agriculture (DA); Director
Nicomedes P. Elleazar, DA-Bureau of Agricultural Research (BAR); Hon. Leopoldo N. Bataoil,
House of Representative, 2nd District of Pangasinan and FAO for the partial travel grants to
the first author’s attendance to the 8th ICMSS held at Prince Edward Island, Canada. We also
express our appreciation to Dr. Westly R. Rosario of the DA-Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic
Resources (BFAR), National Integrated Fisheries Technology Development Center (NIFTDC) for
his initiatory efforts in conceptualizing this research; Ms. Adoracion V. Obinque and Ms. Virginia
Delos Santos in assisting the researchers in sample collection and to Mr. Arvin Joseph M. Dimaano,
DA-National Fisheries Research and Development Institute for doing some of the figures. This
study was supported by the research fund of the National Fisheries Research and Development
Institute, Philippines.
References
Ahmad MK, Islam S, Rahman S, Haque MR, Islam MM (2010) Heavy metals in water, sediment
and some fishes of Buriganga River. Bangladesh Int J Environ Res 4(2):321–332
Al-Madfa H, Abdel-Moati MAR, Al-Gimaly FH (1998) Pinctadaradiata (Pearl oyster): a bioindicator for metal pollution monitoring in the Qatari Waters (Arabian Gulf). Bull Environ Contam
Toxicol 60:245–251
American Public Health Association (APHA) (1980) Standard methods for the examination of
water and wastewater, 15th edn. American Public Health Association, American Waterworks
Association, and Water Pollution Control Federation, Washington, DC, p 1134
Apeti DA, Robinson L, Johnson E (2005) Relationship between heavy metal concentrations in the
American oyster (Crassostrea virginica) and metal levels in the water column and sediment in
Apachicola Bay. Fla Am J Environ Sci 1(3):179–186
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) (2005) Method 977.15 for mercury analysis in fish using alternative flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometric method. In:
Official methods of analysis of the AOAC International, 18th edn. AOAC International,
Gaithersburg, p 36
Australian Aid for International Development (AUSAID) (2007) Fish and fish products. Asean
guide. A guide to the identification of control of food safety hazards in the production of
fish and fish products in ASEAN region. Australian Government, AUSAID, Asean Secretariat,
Canberra
Bewick V, Cheek L, Ball J (2004) Statistics review 9: one-way analysis of variance. Crit Care
8(2):130–136. doi:10.1186/cc2836
Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS) (2009) Fisheries statistics of the Philippines 2004–2006.
Department of Agriculture-Bureau of Agricultural Statistics, Quezon City