106
N. Arnich et al.
– 3 PBBs (52, 101, 153)
– 3 isomers of HBCDs (alpha, beta, gamma)
– and 54 pesticides: Aldicarb (sum), Azinphos-methyl, Camphechlor (Toxaphene),
Carbaryl, Carbendazim (sum), Carbetamide, Carbofuran, Chlordane (sum),
Chlorfenvinphos, Chlorothalonil, Chlorpyrifos-ethyl, Chlorpyrifos-methyl,
Cyhexatin (sum), DDT (sum), Deltamethrin, Diazinon, Dichlorvos, Dicofol
(sum), Dieldrin (sum), Dimethoate (sum), Endosulfan (sum), Endrin, Ethion,
Fenbutatin oxide, Fenitrothion, Fenthion (sum), Fentin acetate, Fentin
hydroxide, Folpet, HCH (sum), Heptachlor (sum), Hexachlorobenzene, Imazalil,
Iprodione, Lindane (HCH ”), Malathion (sum), Methidathion, Methomyl (sum),
Mevinphos, Monocrotophos, Ofurace, Oxydemeton-methyl (sum), Parathion
(sum), Phorate (sum), Phosalone, Phosmet, Phosphamidon, Pirimiphos-methyl,
Prochloraz, Quinalphos, Sulfotep, Thiometon, Tri-allate, Vinclozolin (sum).
Results and Discussion
The results for trace elements are presented in the Tables 9.1 and 9.2.
Regarding silver (Ag), shellfish consumption contributes to 16 % of overall
dietary exposure for adults and 4.3 % for children.
For cadmium, shellfish consumption contributes to 5.2 % of overall dietary
exposure for adults, and 1.5 % for children. For lead, the contributions are lower,
respectively 2.5 % for adults and 1.1 % for children.
For total arsenic, shellfish contribute to 11.5 % of overall dietary exposure for
adults and 3.7 % for children. Inorganic arsenic is far more toxic as compared
to the organic arsenic. Making a number of assumptions for the part of inorganic
arsenic in total arsenic for each type of food, the inorganic arsenic exposure and the
contribution of shellfish is estimated to be far lower than in the case of total arsenic.
In fact arsenic in shellfish is mainly present as arsenobetaine, widely assumed to be
of no toxicological concern (EFSA 2009).
The contributions of the other inorganic contaminants investigated are summarized in the Table 9.2, from the highest to the lowest values (based on data for
adults).
Table 9.1 Trace elements with the highest contribution of the shellfish consumption to the mean
overall dietary exposure of the French population
Trace element
Ag Cd Pb
As (total) As (inorganic)
Adults
Mean dietary exposure (g/kg bw/day) 1.29 0.16 0.20 0.78
0.24
Shellfish contribution (%)
16
5.2 2.5 11.5
0.7
Children Mean dietary exposure (g/kg bw/day) 1.60 0.24 0.27 1.21
0.30
Shellfish contribution (%)
4.3 1.5 1.1 3.7
0.3
N. Arnich et al.
– 3 PBBs (52, 101, 153)
– 3 isomers of HBCDs (alpha, beta, gamma)
– and 54 pesticides: Aldicarb (sum), Azinphos-methyl, Camphechlor (Toxaphene),
Carbaryl, Carbendazim (sum), Carbetamide, Carbofuran, Chlordane (sum),
Chlorfenvinphos, Chlorothalonil, Chlorpyrifos-ethyl, Chlorpyrifos-methyl,
Cyhexatin (sum), DDT (sum), Deltamethrin, Diazinon, Dichlorvos, Dicofol
(sum), Dieldrin (sum), Dimethoate (sum), Endosulfan (sum), Endrin, Ethion,
Fenbutatin oxide, Fenitrothion, Fenthion (sum), Fentin acetate, Fentin
hydroxide, Folpet, HCH (sum), Heptachlor (sum), Hexachlorobenzene, Imazalil,
Iprodione, Lindane (HCH ”), Malathion (sum), Methidathion, Methomyl (sum),
Mevinphos, Monocrotophos, Ofurace, Oxydemeton-methyl (sum), Parathion
(sum), Phorate (sum), Phosalone, Phosmet, Phosphamidon, Pirimiphos-methyl,
Prochloraz, Quinalphos, Sulfotep, Thiometon, Tri-allate, Vinclozolin (sum).
Results and Discussion
The results for trace elements are presented in the Tables 9.1 and 9.2.
Regarding silver (Ag), shellfish consumption contributes to 16 % of overall
dietary exposure for adults and 4.3 % for children.
For cadmium, shellfish consumption contributes to 5.2 % of overall dietary
exposure for adults, and 1.5 % for children. For lead, the contributions are lower,
respectively 2.5 % for adults and 1.1 % for children.
For total arsenic, shellfish contribute to 11.5 % of overall dietary exposure for
adults and 3.7 % for children. Inorganic arsenic is far more toxic as compared
to the organic arsenic. Making a number of assumptions for the part of inorganic
arsenic in total arsenic for each type of food, the inorganic arsenic exposure and the
contribution of shellfish is estimated to be far lower than in the case of total arsenic.
In fact arsenic in shellfish is mainly present as arsenobetaine, widely assumed to be
of no toxicological concern (EFSA 2009).
The contributions of the other inorganic contaminants investigated are summarized in the Table 9.2, from the highest to the lowest values (based on data for
adults).
Table 9.1 Trace elements with the highest contribution of the shellfish consumption to the mean
overall dietary exposure of the French population
Trace element
Ag Cd Pb
As (total) As (inorganic)
Adults
Mean dietary exposure (g/kg bw/day) 1.29 0.16 0.20 0.78
0.24
Shellfish contribution (%)
16
5.2 2.5 11.5
0.7
Children Mean dietary exposure (g/kg bw/day) 1.60 0.24 0.27 1.21
0.30
Shellfish contribution (%)
4.3 1.5 1.1 3.7
0.3