1 Facilities and Equipment
9
Fig. 11. An autoclave
Fig. 12. A dry oven
A water-jet pump can also be used to generate negative pressure. A negative-pressure pump is connected to the system so as to reduce air pressure in the receiver bottle. In this case, it is recommended that a trapping
bottle with stopcocks to the pump and open air (Fig. 13) be attached to
the filtration system so that pressure can be controlled and filtered liquid is not sucked out of the receiver bottle. When using a positive-pressure filtration system, it is important that even a minute interstice does
not exist around the filter, otherwise liquid will leak from the connection between the filter and the filter holder.
In order to prepare physiological salt solutions or culture media, doubledistilled water, deionized and distilled water, or purified water is used.
The Milli-Q system (Millipore Corp.) (Fig. 16) is convenient for the supply of water for such purposes. At the very least, glass-distilled water is
necessary. An ion-exchange column for the production of deionized water is useful to supply water with which culture ware can be rinsed. Prolonged storage of purified water should be avoided so that algal infections do not develop. If algal infection does occur, reservoirs should be
cleaned out with hypochlorite solution and detergent and thoroughly
washed with purified water. The tubing in the apparatus along which
water flows should be examined regularly for signs of algal infection.
A colony counter is used to count the number of colonies of cells plated
on agar media, and also to count the number of plaques produced by
virus inoculation (Fig. 17). A Coulter counter can be used to count cells
Water
purification
apparatus
Cell
counter
9
Fig. 11. An autoclave
Fig. 12. A dry oven
A water-jet pump can also be used to generate negative pressure. A negative-pressure pump is connected to the system so as to reduce air pressure in the receiver bottle. In this case, it is recommended that a trapping
bottle with stopcocks to the pump and open air (Fig. 13) be attached to
the filtration system so that pressure can be controlled and filtered liquid is not sucked out of the receiver bottle. When using a positive-pressure filtration system, it is important that even a minute interstice does
not exist around the filter, otherwise liquid will leak from the connection between the filter and the filter holder.
In order to prepare physiological salt solutions or culture media, doubledistilled water, deionized and distilled water, or purified water is used.
The Milli-Q system (Millipore Corp.) (Fig. 16) is convenient for the supply of water for such purposes. At the very least, glass-distilled water is
necessary. An ion-exchange column for the production of deionized water is useful to supply water with which culture ware can be rinsed. Prolonged storage of purified water should be avoided so that algal infections do not develop. If algal infection does occur, reservoirs should be
cleaned out with hypochlorite solution and detergent and thoroughly
washed with purified water. The tubing in the apparatus along which
water flows should be examined regularly for signs of algal infection.
A colony counter is used to count the number of colonies of cells plated
on agar media, and also to count the number of plaques produced by
virus inoculation (Fig. 17). A Coulter counter can be used to count cells
Water
purification
apparatus
Cell
counter