Prolactin (lactogenic hormone, paralactin)
44,51,53,57,239
-, distribution in vertebrates 208, 209
-, effects of lack in adaptation to fresh water
231
-, effects on avian nasal salt gland 125
- , - on crop sac glands (pigeon) 129, 208
-, - on eft 'water drive' 186,208
-, - on milk secretion in mammals 51, 57,
208
-, - on renal Na loss 224
-, - on sodium permeability of gills 209, 222
224
-, immunological reaction of 210
-, in lungfish 246
-, secretion in fresh water 239
-, - prior to fish migration 240
see also, adenohypophysis
Pseudobranch 222
Rectal gland 26, 248
Renal portal systems, in vertebrates 30, 31,
117
Renal tubule 32
Renin 76,77
- , and formation of angiotensin 76
-, in amphibians 189
-, in birds 126
-, in corpuscles of Stannius 78, 246
-, in fishes in fresh water 77,208
-, - - in sea-water 208
-, in mammals 95,104,109
-, in reptiles 157
see also, angiotensin
Respiration 21
-, thyroid hormones 61
-, water loss in birds 113
-, - - in mammals 91,97
-, - - in reptiles 138, 139
see also, body temperature regulation
Rumen , volume of fluids in 94
Salivary glands 93
- -, secretion 93,99, 105
- -, - , composition 93
- - , - effects of adrenalectomy 93
- -, - , - , - of corticosteroids 93,94
- - , -, - of neurohypophysial peptides 93
- -, - , - of salt depletion 93
- - , -, - of temperature regulation 94
Salt (sodium) depletion 93,95, 104
- - , and adrenalectomy (see adrenalectomy)
- -, and antithyroid drugs 62
- -, and diet 90
- - , and excessive salivary secretion 94
- -, and gastrointestinal disturbances 93
- -, and hypohysecromy 190, 224, 239
292
- -, and in geographic regions 90, 97
- -, and reproduction 90
- -, in amphibians 179, 189, 190
- - , in fish 223
- -, in mammals 97, 103, 104
Salt (sodium) excesses
- -, and adrenocortical function 127, 180
--, and drinking 24,90,118,127,158,168,
212
- -, and food 90,96,121
- -, and life in sea 24,163,212,248
- -, and neurohypophysial function 97, 118,
158,182,196
- - , and urophysial function 244
- -, and permeability of gills 233
--,--ofgut 212
- -, - - of skin 179,180
- - , - salt gland secretion 123, 249
- -, - thyroid function 62,97
- -, excretion of 100,184
- -, tolerance to 3
see also, gills, kidney, salt glands
Salt glands (orbital, nasal) 2, 26
- -, blood flow 124
- - , distribution in, birds 121
- -, in reptiles 2,152
- -, secretion composition of 27,122,153
- -, -, effect of acetylcholine 124
- -, -, - of adrenalectomy 124, 154
- -, - , - of adrenaline 124
- - , -, - of corticosteroids 124,127,154
- -, -, - of plasma concentration 27, 123,
153
- -, -, - of prolactin 125
- -, size, effect of salt diet 121,154
see also, rectal gland
Sea-water, composition of 4
- -, osmotic stresses of life in 136, 169, 218,
219,248
Skin 7,19
-, effects of adremaline 70, 172, 181
- , - of melanocyte stimulating hormone
(MSH) 138
-, - of neurohypophysial peptides 171, 181,
188,194
- , - of thyroid hormone 181
-, rol in, salt metabolism in amphibians 12,
178,179,187
-, - -, - - in fishes 220
-, - -, - in mammals 93
- , - -, - - in reptiles 149
-, - -, water metabolism III amphibians 20,
168, 187
- , - -, - - in birds 113
-, - - , - - in fishes 20,23,210,252
- , - - , - - in mammals 90
-, - -, - - in reptiles 20, 138, 158
44,51,53,57,239
-, distribution in vertebrates 208, 209
-, effects of lack in adaptation to fresh water
231
-, effects on avian nasal salt gland 125
- , - on crop sac glands (pigeon) 129, 208
-, - on eft 'water drive' 186,208
-, - on milk secretion in mammals 51, 57,
208
-, - on renal Na loss 224
-, - on sodium permeability of gills 209, 222
224
-, immunological reaction of 210
-, in lungfish 246
-, secretion in fresh water 239
-, - prior to fish migration 240
see also, adenohypophysis
Pseudobranch 222
Rectal gland 26, 248
Renal portal systems, in vertebrates 30, 31,
117
Renal tubule 32
Renin 76,77
- , and formation of angiotensin 76
-, in amphibians 189
-, in birds 126
-, in corpuscles of Stannius 78, 246
-, in fishes in fresh water 77,208
-, - - in sea-water 208
-, in mammals 95,104,109
-, in reptiles 157
see also, angiotensin
Respiration 21
-, thyroid hormones 61
-, water loss in birds 113
-, - - in mammals 91,97
-, - - in reptiles 138, 139
see also, body temperature regulation
Rumen , volume of fluids in 94
Salivary glands 93
- -, secretion 93,99, 105
- -, - , composition 93
- - , - effects of adrenalectomy 93
- -, - , - , - of corticosteroids 93,94
- - , -, - of neurohypophysial peptides 93
- -, - , - of salt depletion 93
- - , -, - of temperature regulation 94
Salt (sodium) depletion 93,95, 104
- - , and adrenalectomy (see adrenalectomy)
- -, and antithyroid drugs 62
- -, and diet 90
- - , and excessive salivary secretion 94
- -, and gastrointestinal disturbances 93
- -, and hypohysecromy 190, 224, 239
292
- -, and in geographic regions 90, 97
- -, and reproduction 90
- -, in amphibians 179, 189, 190
- - , in fish 223
- -, in mammals 97, 103, 104
Salt (sodium) excesses
- -, and adrenocortical function 127, 180
--, and drinking 24,90,118,127,158,168,
212
- -, and food 90,96,121
- -, and life in sea 24,163,212,248
- -, and neurohypophysial function 97, 118,
158,182,196
- - , and urophysial function 244
- -, and permeability of gills 233
--,--ofgut 212
- -, - - of skin 179,180
- - , - salt gland secretion 123, 249
- -, - thyroid function 62,97
- -, excretion of 100,184
- -, tolerance to 3
see also, gills, kidney, salt glands
Salt glands (orbital, nasal) 2, 26
- -, blood flow 124
- - , distribution in, birds 121
- -, in reptiles 2,152
- -, secretion composition of 27,122,153
- -, -, effect of acetylcholine 124
- -, -, - of adrenalectomy 124, 154
- -, - , - of adrenaline 124
- - , -, - of corticosteroids 124,127,154
- -, -, - of plasma concentration 27, 123,
153
- -, -, - of prolactin 125
- -, size, effect of salt diet 121,154
see also, rectal gland
Sea-water, composition of 4
- -, osmotic stresses of life in 136, 169, 218,
219,248
Skin 7,19
-, effects of adremaline 70, 172, 181
- , - of melanocyte stimulating hormone
(MSH) 138
-, - of neurohypophysial peptides 171, 181,
188,194
- , - of thyroid hormone 181
-, rol in, salt metabolism in amphibians 12,
178,179,187
-, - -, - - in fishes 220
-, - -, - in mammals 93
- , - -, - - in reptiles 149
-, - -, water metabolism III amphibians 20,
168, 187
- , - -, - - in birds 113
-, - - , - - in fishes 20,23,210,252
- , - - , - - in mammals 90
-, - -, - - in reptiles 20, 138, 158