180
4 Molecular Evolution
ical evaluation of alternative matrix methods. J. mol.
Evol. 11: 129-142 (1978)
336. Preparata R. M. et al.: Ciliate evolution: The ribosomal phylogenies of the tetrahyminae. J. mol. Evol.
28: 427-441 (1989)
337. Pryor S. C. et al.: Biochemical genetics of the Culex
pipiens complex - I. 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. Compo Biochem. Physiol. Pt. B 65: 663-668
(1980)
338. Pryor S. C. et al.: Biochemical genetics of the Culex
pipiens complex - II. Hexokinase. Compo Biochem.
Physiol. Pt. B 67: 705-710 (1980)
339. Rainey W. E. et al.: Sirenian molecular systematics -
including the extinct Steller's sea cow (Hydrodamalis
gigas). Naturwissenschaften 71: 586-588 (1984)
340. Ramshaw J., Coyne J. A. and Lewontin R. C.: The
sensitivity of gel electrophoresis as a detector of genetic variation. Genetics 93: 1019-37 (1979)
341. Rand D. M. and Harrison R. G.: Molecular population genetics of mtDNA size variation in crickets.
Genetics 121: 551-569 (1989)
342. Rao J. K. M.: New scoring matrix for amino acid residue exchanges based on residue characteristic physical parameters. Int. J. Peptide Protein Res. 29:
276-281 (1987)
343. Reeve H. K. et al.: DNA "fingerprinting" reveals
high levels of inbreeding in colonies of the eusocial
naked mole-rat. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 87:
2496-2500 (1990)
344. Reisner A. H. and Westwood N. H.: Assessment of
similarities of pairs and groups of proteins using
transformed amino-acid residues data. J. mol. Evol.
18: 240-250 (1982)
345. Richardson R. H., Smouse P. E. and Richardson M.
E.: Patterns of molecular variation - II. Associations
of electrophoretic mobility and larval substrate within
species of the Drosophila mulleri complex. Genetics
85: 141-154 (1977)
346. Richmond M. C. and Zimmerman E. G.: Effect of
temperature on activity of allozymic forms of supernatant malate dehydrogenase in the red shiner, Notropis lutrensis. Compo Biochem. Physiol. Pt. B 61:
415-419 (1978)
347. Ridley M.: Evolution and classification. The reformation of cladism. Longman, London 1986
348. Riley M. A.: Nucleotide sequence of the Xdh region
in Drosophila pseudoobscura and an analysis of the
evolution of synonymous codons. Mol. BioI. Evol. 6:
33-52 (1989)
349. Risler J. L. et al.: Amino acid substitutions in structurally related proteins. A pattern recognition
approach determination of a new and efficient scoring matrix. J. mol. BioI. 204: 1019-29 (1988)
350. Romero-Herrera A. E. et al.: The use of amino acid
sequence analysis in assessing evolution. Biochimie
61: 767-779 (1979)
351. Ropson I. J., Brown D. C. and Powers D. A.: Biochemical genetics of Fundulus heteroclitus (L.). 6.
Geographical variation in the gene frequencies of 15
loci. Evolution 44: 16-26 (1990)
352. Rosenblum B. B., Neel J. V. and Hanash S. M.: Twodimensional electrophoresis of plasma polypeptides
reveals "high" heterozygosity indices. Proc. Nat.
Acad. Sci USA 80: 5002-06 (1983)
353. Ruvinsky A. O. et al.: Factors organizing and maintaining polymorphism in a cylic parthenogenetic species: Daphnia pulex. Heredity 57: 15-22 (1986)
354. Ruvolo M. et al.: Resolution of the African hominoid
trichotomy by use of a mitochondrial gene sequence.
Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 1570-74 (1991)
355. Sabath M. D.: Enzyme variability in 12 sympatric
drosophilid species (genera: Chymomyza, Leucophenga, Scaphomyza and Drosophila). Amer. Midland Naturalist 94: 144-153 (1975)
356. Saccone c., Pesole G. and Preparata G.: DNA microenvironments and the molecular clock. J. mol.
Evol. 29: 407-411 (1989)
357. Saitou N. and Nei M.: The neighbour-joining
method: A new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol. BioI. Evol. 4: 406-425 (1987)
358. Saitou N. and Imanishi T.: Relative efficiencies of the
Fitch-Margoliash, maximum-parsimony, maximumlikelihood, minimum-evolution, and neighbourjoining methods of phylogenetic tree construction in
obtaining the correct tree. Mol. BioI. Evol. 6:
514-525 (1989)
359. Salmon M. et al.: Behavioral and biochemical evidence for species distinctiveness in the fiddler crabs,
Uca speciosa and U. spinicarpa. Evolution 33:
182-191 (1979)
360. Satta Y., Ishiwa H. and Chigusa S. I.: Analysis of nucleotide substitutions of mitochondrial DNAs in Drosophila melanogaster and its sibling species. Mol.
BioI. Evol. 4: 638-650 (1987)
361. Savatier P. et al.: Nucleotide sequence of the betaglobin genes in gorilla and macaque: The origin of
nucleotide polymorphism in human. J. mol. Evol. 24:
309-318 (1987)
362. Sawyer S.: Statistical tests for detecting gene conversion. Mol. BioI. Evol. 6: 526-538 (1989)
363. Schaefer S. w., Aquadro C. F. and Anderson W. w.:
Restriction-map variation in the alcohol dehydrogenase region of Drosophila pseudoobscura. Mol. BioI.
Evol. 4: 254-265 (1987)
364. Schaefer S. W. and Aquadro C. F.: Nucleotide
sequence of the Adh gene region of Drosophila pseudoobscura: evolutionary change and evidence for an
ancient gene duplication. Genetics 117: 61-73 (1987)
365. Schimenti J. C. and Duncan C. H.: Ruminant globin
gene structures suggest an evolutionary role for Alurepeats. Nucleic Acids Res. 12: 1641-55 (1984)
366. Schueller C. et al.: The amino-acid sequence of pancreatic ribonuclease from the mole rat Spalax ehrenbergi, chromosomal species 2n=60. BioI. Chern.
Hoppe-Seyler 370: 583-589 (1989)
367. Schuking R. F. and Plasterk R. H. A.: TcA, the putative transposase of C. elegans Tcl transposon, has an
N-terminal DNA binding domain. Nucleic Acids Res.
18: 895-900 (1990)
368. Schulz G. E.: Protein-Differenzierung: Entwicklung
neuartiger Proteine im Laufe der Evolution. Angew.
Chemie 93: 143-151 (1981)
369. Selander K., Clark A. G. and Whittam T. S. (eds.):
Evolution at the molecular level. Sinauer Assoc.,
Sunderland 1991
370. Sene F. M. and Carson H. L.: Genetic variation in
Hawaian Drosophila. IV. Allozymic similarity
between D. silvestris and D. heteroneura from the
island of Hawaii. Genetics 86: 187-198 (1977)
371. Shaklee J. B. and Tamaru C. S.: Biochemical and
morphological evolution of Hawaiian bonefishes
(Albula). Syst. Zool. 30: 125-146 (1981)
372. Shapira S. K. and Finnerty V. G.: The use of genetic
complementation in the study of eukaryotic macro-
4 Molecular Evolution
ical evaluation of alternative matrix methods. J. mol.
Evol. 11: 129-142 (1978)
336. Preparata R. M. et al.: Ciliate evolution: The ribosomal phylogenies of the tetrahyminae. J. mol. Evol.
28: 427-441 (1989)
337. Pryor S. C. et al.: Biochemical genetics of the Culex
pipiens complex - I. 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. Compo Biochem. Physiol. Pt. B 65: 663-668
(1980)
338. Pryor S. C. et al.: Biochemical genetics of the Culex
pipiens complex - II. Hexokinase. Compo Biochem.
Physiol. Pt. B 67: 705-710 (1980)
339. Rainey W. E. et al.: Sirenian molecular systematics -
including the extinct Steller's sea cow (Hydrodamalis
gigas). Naturwissenschaften 71: 586-588 (1984)
340. Ramshaw J., Coyne J. A. and Lewontin R. C.: The
sensitivity of gel electrophoresis as a detector of genetic variation. Genetics 93: 1019-37 (1979)
341. Rand D. M. and Harrison R. G.: Molecular population genetics of mtDNA size variation in crickets.
Genetics 121: 551-569 (1989)
342. Rao J. K. M.: New scoring matrix for amino acid residue exchanges based on residue characteristic physical parameters. Int. J. Peptide Protein Res. 29:
276-281 (1987)
343. Reeve H. K. et al.: DNA "fingerprinting" reveals
high levels of inbreeding in colonies of the eusocial
naked mole-rat. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 87:
2496-2500 (1990)
344. Reisner A. H. and Westwood N. H.: Assessment of
similarities of pairs and groups of proteins using
transformed amino-acid residues data. J. mol. Evol.
18: 240-250 (1982)
345. Richardson R. H., Smouse P. E. and Richardson M.
E.: Patterns of molecular variation - II. Associations
of electrophoretic mobility and larval substrate within
species of the Drosophila mulleri complex. Genetics
85: 141-154 (1977)
346. Richmond M. C. and Zimmerman E. G.: Effect of
temperature on activity of allozymic forms of supernatant malate dehydrogenase in the red shiner, Notropis lutrensis. Compo Biochem. Physiol. Pt. B 61:
415-419 (1978)
347. Ridley M.: Evolution and classification. The reformation of cladism. Longman, London 1986
348. Riley M. A.: Nucleotide sequence of the Xdh region
in Drosophila pseudoobscura and an analysis of the
evolution of synonymous codons. Mol. BioI. Evol. 6:
33-52 (1989)
349. Risler J. L. et al.: Amino acid substitutions in structurally related proteins. A pattern recognition
approach determination of a new and efficient scoring matrix. J. mol. BioI. 204: 1019-29 (1988)
350. Romero-Herrera A. E. et al.: The use of amino acid
sequence analysis in assessing evolution. Biochimie
61: 767-779 (1979)
351. Ropson I. J., Brown D. C. and Powers D. A.: Biochemical genetics of Fundulus heteroclitus (L.). 6.
Geographical variation in the gene frequencies of 15
loci. Evolution 44: 16-26 (1990)
352. Rosenblum B. B., Neel J. V. and Hanash S. M.: Twodimensional electrophoresis of plasma polypeptides
reveals "high" heterozygosity indices. Proc. Nat.
Acad. Sci USA 80: 5002-06 (1983)
353. Ruvinsky A. O. et al.: Factors organizing and maintaining polymorphism in a cylic parthenogenetic species: Daphnia pulex. Heredity 57: 15-22 (1986)
354. Ruvolo M. et al.: Resolution of the African hominoid
trichotomy by use of a mitochondrial gene sequence.
Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 1570-74 (1991)
355. Sabath M. D.: Enzyme variability in 12 sympatric
drosophilid species (genera: Chymomyza, Leucophenga, Scaphomyza and Drosophila). Amer. Midland Naturalist 94: 144-153 (1975)
356. Saccone c., Pesole G. and Preparata G.: DNA microenvironments and the molecular clock. J. mol.
Evol. 29: 407-411 (1989)
357. Saitou N. and Nei M.: The neighbour-joining
method: A new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol. BioI. Evol. 4: 406-425 (1987)
358. Saitou N. and Imanishi T.: Relative efficiencies of the
Fitch-Margoliash, maximum-parsimony, maximumlikelihood, minimum-evolution, and neighbourjoining methods of phylogenetic tree construction in
obtaining the correct tree. Mol. BioI. Evol. 6:
514-525 (1989)
359. Salmon M. et al.: Behavioral and biochemical evidence for species distinctiveness in the fiddler crabs,
Uca speciosa and U. spinicarpa. Evolution 33:
182-191 (1979)
360. Satta Y., Ishiwa H. and Chigusa S. I.: Analysis of nucleotide substitutions of mitochondrial DNAs in Drosophila melanogaster and its sibling species. Mol.
BioI. Evol. 4: 638-650 (1987)
361. Savatier P. et al.: Nucleotide sequence of the betaglobin genes in gorilla and macaque: The origin of
nucleotide polymorphism in human. J. mol. Evol. 24:
309-318 (1987)
362. Sawyer S.: Statistical tests for detecting gene conversion. Mol. BioI. Evol. 6: 526-538 (1989)
363. Schaefer S. w., Aquadro C. F. and Anderson W. w.:
Restriction-map variation in the alcohol dehydrogenase region of Drosophila pseudoobscura. Mol. BioI.
Evol. 4: 254-265 (1987)
364. Schaefer S. W. and Aquadro C. F.: Nucleotide
sequence of the Adh gene region of Drosophila pseudoobscura: evolutionary change and evidence for an
ancient gene duplication. Genetics 117: 61-73 (1987)
365. Schimenti J. C. and Duncan C. H.: Ruminant globin
gene structures suggest an evolutionary role for Alurepeats. Nucleic Acids Res. 12: 1641-55 (1984)
366. Schueller C. et al.: The amino-acid sequence of pancreatic ribonuclease from the mole rat Spalax ehrenbergi, chromosomal species 2n=60. BioI. Chern.
Hoppe-Seyler 370: 583-589 (1989)
367. Schuking R. F. and Plasterk R. H. A.: TcA, the putative transposase of C. elegans Tcl transposon, has an
N-terminal DNA binding domain. Nucleic Acids Res.
18: 895-900 (1990)
368. Schulz G. E.: Protein-Differenzierung: Entwicklung
neuartiger Proteine im Laufe der Evolution. Angew.
Chemie 93: 143-151 (1981)
369. Selander K., Clark A. G. and Whittam T. S. (eds.):
Evolution at the molecular level. Sinauer Assoc.,
Sunderland 1991
370. Sene F. M. and Carson H. L.: Genetic variation in
Hawaian Drosophila. IV. Allozymic similarity
between D. silvestris and D. heteroneura from the
island of Hawaii. Genetics 86: 187-198 (1977)
371. Shaklee J. B. and Tamaru C. S.: Biochemical and
morphological evolution of Hawaiian bonefishes
(Albula). Syst. Zool. 30: 125-146 (1981)
372. Shapira S. K. and Finnerty V. G.: The use of genetic
complementation in the study of eukaryotic macro-