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Essential Oils of Espanta-Pulga and Basil
Plant essential oils of espanta-pulga ( Hesperozygis ringens ) and basil ( Ocimum
americanum ) were evaluated therapeutically by bathing silver catfi sh ( Rhamdia
quelen ) for 1 h daily for 5 days leading to improved survival (70 % and 75 % survival, respectively) from infection with Aer. hydrophila (Sutili et al. 2015 ).
Jungle Geranium
A purifi ed phthalate derivative from jungle geranium ( Ixora coccinea ) was fed at
400 mg/kg for 30 days to goldfi sh resulting in immunostimulation (heightened
erythrocyte and leucocyte numbers, increased levels of serum albumin, globulin,
haemoglobin and protein, and enhanced bacteriocidal, lysozyme, and phagocytic
activities) and protection (80 % survived compared with 0 % of the controls against
experimental challenge (Anusha et al. 2014 ).
Guava
Diets containing 0.5 % guava ( Psidium guajava ) leaves were fed to rohu for 60 days
better growth, immunostimulation (alternative complement and phagocytic activities, and lysozyme levels) and protection from challenge was recorded (Giri et al.
2015a , b ).
Cinnamaldehyde
Liposome-encapsulated cinnamaldehyde, which is from cinnamon, improved survival of zebra fi sh against challenge with Aer. hydrophila (Faikoh et al. 2014 ).
3, 3′,5-triiodo-L-thyronine
Feeding with 3, 3′,5-triiodo-L-thyronine at 5 mg/kg of feed for 60 days to rohu
(Labeo rohita) led to enhanced growth, serum protein and globulin levels, superoxide production of the neutrophils and antibodies against Aer. hydrophila). Moreover,
there was a reduction in mortalities after challenge with Aer. hydrophila compared
to the controls (Sahoo 2003 ).
Apolipoprotein A
Apolipoprotein A, recombinant goose-type lysozyme and chicken-type lysozyme
have been considered as plasmid DNA immunostimulants in channel catfi sh with
complete effectiveness against Aer. hydrophila (Pridgeon and Klesius 2013 ;
Pridgeon et al. 2013a , b ).
Aeromonas hydrophila
Essential Oils of Espanta-Pulga and Basil
Plant essential oils of espanta-pulga ( Hesperozygis ringens ) and basil ( Ocimum
americanum ) were evaluated therapeutically by bathing silver catfi sh ( Rhamdia
quelen ) for 1 h daily for 5 days leading to improved survival (70 % and 75 % survival, respectively) from infection with Aer. hydrophila (Sutili et al. 2015 ).
Jungle Geranium
A purifi ed phthalate derivative from jungle geranium ( Ixora coccinea ) was fed at
400 mg/kg for 30 days to goldfi sh resulting in immunostimulation (heightened
erythrocyte and leucocyte numbers, increased levels of serum albumin, globulin,
haemoglobin and protein, and enhanced bacteriocidal, lysozyme, and phagocytic
activities) and protection (80 % survived compared with 0 % of the controls against
experimental challenge (Anusha et al. 2014 ).
Guava
Diets containing 0.5 % guava ( Psidium guajava ) leaves were fed to rohu for 60 days
better growth, immunostimulation (alternative complement and phagocytic activities, and lysozyme levels) and protection from challenge was recorded (Giri et al.
2015a , b ).
Cinnamaldehyde
Liposome-encapsulated cinnamaldehyde, which is from cinnamon, improved survival of zebra fi sh against challenge with Aer. hydrophila (Faikoh et al. 2014 ).
3, 3′,5-triiodo-L-thyronine
Feeding with 3, 3′,5-triiodo-L-thyronine at 5 mg/kg of feed for 60 days to rohu
(Labeo rohita) led to enhanced growth, serum protein and globulin levels, superoxide production of the neutrophils and antibodies against Aer. hydrophila). Moreover,
there was a reduction in mortalities after challenge with Aer. hydrophila compared
to the controls (Sahoo 2003 ).
Apolipoprotein A
Apolipoprotein A, recombinant goose-type lysozyme and chicken-type lysozyme
have been considered as plasmid DNA immunostimulants in channel catfi sh with
complete effectiveness against Aer. hydrophila (Pridgeon and Klesius 2013 ;
Pridgeon et al. 2013a , b ).
Aeromonas hydrophila