154
Olea I, Bruno DW, Hastings TS (1993) Detection of Renibacterium salmoninarum in naturally
infected Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., and rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)
using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Aquaculture 116:99–110
Olivier G, Griffi ths SG, Fildes J, Lynch WH (1992) The use of Western blot and electroimmunotransfer blot assays to monitor bacterial kidney disease in experimentally challenged Atlantic
salmon, Salmo salar L. J Fish Dis 15:229–241
Olsen AB, Birkbeck TH, Nilsen HK, MacPherson HL, Wangel C, Myklebust C, Laidler LA,
Aarfl ot L, Thoen E, Nygård S, Thayumanavan T, Colquhoun DJ (2006b) Vaccine-associated
systemic Rhodococcus erythropolis infection in farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar . Dis
Aquat Org 72:9–17
Olson BH (1978) Enhanced accuracy of coliform testing in seawater by a modifi cation of the most
probable number method. Appl Environ Microbiol 36:438–444
Ordal EJ, Earp BJ (1956) Cultivation and transmission of etiological agent of bacterial kidney
disease in salmonid fi shes. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 92:85–88
Paclibare JO, Evelyn TPT, Albright LJ, Prosperi-Porta L (1994) Clearing of the kidney disease
bacterium Renibacterium salmoninarum from seawater by the blue mussel Mytilus edulis, and
the status of the mussel as a reservoir of the bacterium. Dis Aquat Organ 18:129–133
Parisot TJ, Wood EM (1960) A comparative study of the causative agent of a mycobacterial disease
of salmonid fi shes. II. A description of the histopathology of the disease in chinook salmon
(Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and a comparison of the strain characteristics of the fi sh disease
with leprosy and human tuberculosis. Annu Rev Respir Dis 82:212–222
Pascho RJ, Elliott DG, Mallett RW, Mulcahy D (1987) Comparison of fi ve techniques for the
detection of Renibacterium salmoninarum in adult coho salmon. Trans Am Fish Soc
116:882–890
Pascho RJ, Landolt ML, Ongerth JE (1995) Inactivation of Renibacterium salmoninarum by free
chlorine. Aquaculture 131:165–175
Pascho RJ, Chase D, McKibben CL (1998) Comparison of the membrane-fi ltration fl uorescent
antibody test, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the polymerase chain reaction to
detect Renibacterium salmoninarum in salmonid ovarian fl uid. J Vet Diagn Invest 10:60–66
Pasnik DJ, Smith SA (2005) Immunogenic and protective effects of a DNA vaccine for
Mycobacterium marinum in fi sh. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 103:195–206
Pasnik DJ, Smith SA (2006) Immune and histopathologic responses of DNA-vaccinated hybrid
striped bass Morone saxatilis x M. chrysops after acute Mycobacterium marinum infection. Dis
Aquat Org 73:33–41
Pate M, Jencic V, Zolnir-Dovc M, Ocepek M (2005) Detection of mycobacteria in aquarium fi sh in
Slovenia by culture and molecular methods. Dis Aquat Organ 64:29–35
Paterson WD, Gallant C, Desautels D, Marshall L (1979) Detection of bacterial kidney disease in
wild salmonids in the Margaree river system and adjacent waters using an indirect fl uorescent
antibody technique. J Fish Res Board Can 36:1464–1468
Paterson WD, Lall SP, Desautels D (1981) Studies on bacterial kidney disease in Atlantic salmon
(Salmo salar) in Canada. Fish Pathol 15:283–292
Perdiguero GM, Barrientos A, Madrid E, Birkbeck TH (2011) Isolation of Rhodococcus erythropolis from vaccinated Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L smolts in Chile. J Fish Dis
34:715–717
Phung TN, Caruso D, Godreuil S, Keck N, Vallaeys T, Avarre JC (2013) Rapid detection and identifi cation of nontuberculous mycobacterial pathogens in fi sh by using high-resolution melting
analysis. Appl Environ Microbiol 79:7837–7845
Piganelli JD, Wiens GD, Kaattari SL (1999) Elevated temperature treatment as a novel method for
decreasing p57 on the cell surface of Renibacterium salmoninarum . Dis Aquat Organ
36:29–35
Pippy JHC (1969) Kidney disease in juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in the Margaree river.
J Fish Res Board Can 26:2535–2537
3 Aerobic Gram-Positive Rods and Cocci
Olea I, Bruno DW, Hastings TS (1993) Detection of Renibacterium salmoninarum in naturally
infected Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., and rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)
using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Aquaculture 116:99–110
Olivier G, Griffi ths SG, Fildes J, Lynch WH (1992) The use of Western blot and electroimmunotransfer blot assays to monitor bacterial kidney disease in experimentally challenged Atlantic
salmon, Salmo salar L. J Fish Dis 15:229–241
Olsen AB, Birkbeck TH, Nilsen HK, MacPherson HL, Wangel C, Myklebust C, Laidler LA,
Aarfl ot L, Thoen E, Nygård S, Thayumanavan T, Colquhoun DJ (2006b) Vaccine-associated
systemic Rhodococcus erythropolis infection in farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar . Dis
Aquat Org 72:9–17
Olson BH (1978) Enhanced accuracy of coliform testing in seawater by a modifi cation of the most
probable number method. Appl Environ Microbiol 36:438–444
Ordal EJ, Earp BJ (1956) Cultivation and transmission of etiological agent of bacterial kidney
disease in salmonid fi shes. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 92:85–88
Paclibare JO, Evelyn TPT, Albright LJ, Prosperi-Porta L (1994) Clearing of the kidney disease
bacterium Renibacterium salmoninarum from seawater by the blue mussel Mytilus edulis, and
the status of the mussel as a reservoir of the bacterium. Dis Aquat Organ 18:129–133
Parisot TJ, Wood EM (1960) A comparative study of the causative agent of a mycobacterial disease
of salmonid fi shes. II. A description of the histopathology of the disease in chinook salmon
(Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and a comparison of the strain characteristics of the fi sh disease
with leprosy and human tuberculosis. Annu Rev Respir Dis 82:212–222
Pascho RJ, Elliott DG, Mallett RW, Mulcahy D (1987) Comparison of fi ve techniques for the
detection of Renibacterium salmoninarum in adult coho salmon. Trans Am Fish Soc
116:882–890
Pascho RJ, Landolt ML, Ongerth JE (1995) Inactivation of Renibacterium salmoninarum by free
chlorine. Aquaculture 131:165–175
Pascho RJ, Chase D, McKibben CL (1998) Comparison of the membrane-fi ltration fl uorescent
antibody test, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the polymerase chain reaction to
detect Renibacterium salmoninarum in salmonid ovarian fl uid. J Vet Diagn Invest 10:60–66
Pasnik DJ, Smith SA (2005) Immunogenic and protective effects of a DNA vaccine for
Mycobacterium marinum in fi sh. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 103:195–206
Pasnik DJ, Smith SA (2006) Immune and histopathologic responses of DNA-vaccinated hybrid
striped bass Morone saxatilis x M. chrysops after acute Mycobacterium marinum infection. Dis
Aquat Org 73:33–41
Pate M, Jencic V, Zolnir-Dovc M, Ocepek M (2005) Detection of mycobacteria in aquarium fi sh in
Slovenia by culture and molecular methods. Dis Aquat Organ 64:29–35
Paterson WD, Gallant C, Desautels D, Marshall L (1979) Detection of bacterial kidney disease in
wild salmonids in the Margaree river system and adjacent waters using an indirect fl uorescent
antibody technique. J Fish Res Board Can 36:1464–1468
Paterson WD, Lall SP, Desautels D (1981) Studies on bacterial kidney disease in Atlantic salmon
(Salmo salar) in Canada. Fish Pathol 15:283–292
Perdiguero GM, Barrientos A, Madrid E, Birkbeck TH (2011) Isolation of Rhodococcus erythropolis from vaccinated Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L smolts in Chile. J Fish Dis
34:715–717
Phung TN, Caruso D, Godreuil S, Keck N, Vallaeys T, Avarre JC (2013) Rapid detection and identifi cation of nontuberculous mycobacterial pathogens in fi sh by using high-resolution melting
analysis. Appl Environ Microbiol 79:7837–7845
Piganelli JD, Wiens GD, Kaattari SL (1999) Elevated temperature treatment as a novel method for
decreasing p57 on the cell surface of Renibacterium salmoninarum . Dis Aquat Organ
36:29–35
Pippy JHC (1969) Kidney disease in juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in the Margaree river.
J Fish Res Board Can 26:2535–2537
3 Aerobic Gram-Positive Rods and Cocci