Harrington, L., Fabricius, K., Eaglesham, G., and Negri, A., 2005.
Synergistic effects of diuron and sedimentation on photosynthetic yields and survival of crustose coralline algae. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 51, 415–427.
Hawkins, J. P., and Roberts, C. M., 2004. Effects of artisanal
fishing on Caribbean coral reefs. Conservation Biology, 18,
215–226.
Hillebrand, H., 2005. Light regime and consumer control of autotrophic biomass. Journal of Ecology, 93, 758–769.
Hodgson, G., 1990. Tetracycline reduces sedimentation damage to
corals. Marine Biology, 104, 493–496.
Hopley, D., Smithers, S. G., and Parnell, K., 2007. The Geomorphology of the Great Barrier Reef. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Houk, P., Bograd, S., and van Woesik, R., 2007. The transition zone
chlorophyll front can trigger Acanthaster planci outbreaks in the
Pacific Ocean: historical confirmation. Journal of Oceanography, 63, 149–154.
Houlbreque, F., and Ferrier-Pages, C., 2009. Heterotrophy in tropical scleractinian corals. Biological Review, 84, 1–17.
Hughes, T. P., Baird, A. H., Bellwood, D. R., Card, M., Connolly,
S. R., Folke, C., Grosberg, R., Hoegh-Guldberg, O., Jackson,
J. B. C., Kleypas, J., Lough, J. M., Marshall, P., Nystroem, M.,
Palumbi, S. R., Pandolfi, J. M., Rosen, B., and Roughgarden, J.,
2003. Climate change, human impacts, and the resilience of coral
reefs. Science, 301, 929–933.
Hunter, C. L., and Evans, C. W., 1995. Coral reefs in Kaneohe Bay,
Hawaii: two centuries of western influence and two decades of
data. Bulletin of Marine Science, 57, 501–515.
Hutchings, P. A., 1986. Biological destruction of coral reefs.
A review. Coral Reefs, 4, 239–252.
Johannes, R. E., Wiebe, W. J., Crossland, C. J., Rimmer, D. W., and
Smith, S. V., 1983. Latitudinal limits of coral reef growth.
Marine Ecology Progress Series, 11, 105–111.
Kendrick, G. A., 1991. Recruitment of coralline crusts and filamentous turf algae in the Galapagos archipelago: effect of simulated
scour, erosion and accretion. Journal of Experimental Marine
Biology and Ecology, 147, 47–63.
Koop, K., Booth, D., Broadbent, A., Brodie, J., Bucher, D., Capone,
D., Coll, J., Dennison, W., Erdmann, M., Harrison, P., HoeghGuldberg, O., Hutchings, P., Jones, G. B., Larkum, A. W. D.,
O’Neil, J., Steven, A., Tentori, E., Ward, S., Williamson, J.,
and Yellowlees, D., 2001. ENCORE: the effect of nutrient
enrichment on coral reefs. Synthesis of results and conclusions.
Marine Pollution Bulletin, 42, 91–120.
Lapointe, B. E., Barile, P. J., Yentsch, C. S., Littler, M. M., Littler,
D. S., and Kakuk, B., 2004. The relative importance of nutrient
enrichment and herbivory on macroalgal communities near
Norman’s Pond Cay, Exumas Cays, Bahamas: a ‘natural’ enrichment experiment. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and
Ecology, 298, 275–301.
Lapointe, B. E., and Bedford, B. J., 2007. Drift rhodophyte blooms
emerge in Lee County, Florida, USA: Evidence of escalating
coastal eutrophication. Harmful Algae, 6, 421–437.
Lessios, H. A., Cubit, J. D., Robertson, D. R., Shulman, M. J.,
Parker, M. R., Garrity, S. D., and Levings, S. C., 1984. Mass
mortality of Diadema antillarum on the Caribbean coast of
Panama. Coral Reefs, 3, 173–182.
Littler, M. M., and Littler, D. S., 2007. Assessment of coral reefs
using herbivory/nutrient assays and indicator groups of benthic
primary producers: a critical synthesis, proposed protocols, and
critique of management strategies. Aquatic ConservationMarine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 17, 195–215.
Loya, Y., Lubinevsky, H., Rosenfeld, M., and Kramarsky-Winter, E.,
2004. Nutrient enrichment caused by in situ fish farms at Eilat,
Red Sea is detrimental to coral reproduction. Marine Pollution
Bulletin, 49, 344–353.
Lucas, J. S., 1982. Quantitative studies of feeding and nutrition during larval development of the coral reef asteroid Acanthaster
planci (L.). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 65, 173–194.
Luick, J. L., Mason, L., Hardy, T., and Furnas, M. J., 2007. Circulation in the Great Barrier Reef Lagoon using numerical tracers
and in situ data. Continental Shelf Research, 27, 757–778.
Mallela, J., Roberts, C., Harrod, C., and Goldspink, C. R., 2007.
Distributional patterns and community structure of Caribbean
coral reef fishes within a river-impacted bay. Journal of Fish
Biology, 70, 523–537.
Marubini, F., 1996. The Physiological Response of Hermatypic
Corals to Nutrient Enrichment. PhD thesis, Glasgow, University
of Glasgow, p. 192.
Marubini, F., and Davies, P. S., 1996. Nitrate increases zooxanthellae population density and reduces skeletogenesis in corals.
Marine Biology, 127, 319–328.
Matson, P. A., Parton, W. J., Power, A. G., and Swift, M. J., 1997.
Agricultural intensification and ecosystem properties. Science,
277, 504–509.
McCook, L. J., 1999. Macroalgae, nutrients and phase shifts on
coral reefs: scientific issues and management consequences for
the Great Barrier Reef. Coral Reefs, 18, 357–367.
Moody, J., Butman, B., and Bothner, M., 1987. Near-bottom
suspended matter concentration on the continental shelf during
storms: estimates based on in situ observations of light transmission and a particle size dependent transmissometer calibration.
Continental Shelf Research, 7, 609–628.
Nyström, M., Graham, N. A. J., Lokrantz, J., and Norström, A. V.,
(2008). Capturing the cornerstones of coral reef resilience:
linking theory to practice. Coral Reefs.
Pari, N., Peyrot-Clausade, M., and Hutchings, P. A., 2002.
Bioerosion of experimental substrates on high islands and atoll
lagoons (French Polynesia) during 5 years of exposure. Journal
of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 276, 1–2.
Philipp, E., and Fabricius, K., 2003. Photophysiological stress in
scleractinian corals in response to short-term sedimentation.
Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 287,
57–78.
Pimm, L. P., 1984. The complexity and stability of ecosystems.
Nature, 307, 321–326.
Rogers, C. S., 1990. Responses of coral reefs and reef organisms to
sedimentation. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 62, 185–202.
Rose, C. S., and Risk, M. J., 1985. Increase in Cliona delitrix infestation of Montastrea cavernosa heads on an organically polluted
portion of the Grand Cayman fringing reef. Pubblicazioni della
Stazione Zoologica di Napoli I: Marine Ecology, 6, 345–362.
Rosenfeld, M., Bresler, V., and Abelson, A., 1999. Sediment as
a possible source of food for corals. Ecology Letters, 2, 345–348.
Schaffelke, B., 1999. Particulate organic matter as an alternative
nutrient source for tropical Sargassum species (Fucales,
Phaeophyceae). Journal of Phycology, 35, 1150–1157.
Sebens, K. P., 1991. Effects of water flow on coral growth and prey
capture. American Zoologist, 31, 59A.
Smith, S. V., Kimmener, W. J., Laws, E. A., Brock, R. E., and
Walsh, T. W., 1981. Kaneohe Bay sewerage diversion experiment: perspectives on ecosystem response to nutritional perturbation. Pacific Science, 35, 279–395.
Smith, S. V., Swaney, D. P., Talaue-Mcmanus, L., Bartley, J. D.,
Sandhei, P. T., McLaughlin, C. J., Dupra, V. C., Crossland,
C. J., Buddemeier, R. W., Maxwell, B. A., and Wulff, F., 2003.
Humans, hydrology and the distribution of inorganic nutrient
loading to the ocean. BioScience, 53, 235–245.
Stambler, N., Jokiel, P. L., and Dubinsky, Z., 1994. Nutrient limitation in the symbiotic association between zooxanthellae and
reef-building corals: the experimental design. Pacific Science,
48, 219–223.
730
NUTRIENT POLLUTION/EUTROPHICATION
Synergistic effects of diuron and sedimentation on photosynthetic yields and survival of crustose coralline algae. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 51, 415–427.
Hawkins, J. P., and Roberts, C. M., 2004. Effects of artisanal
fishing on Caribbean coral reefs. Conservation Biology, 18,
215–226.
Hillebrand, H., 2005. Light regime and consumer control of autotrophic biomass. Journal of Ecology, 93, 758–769.
Hodgson, G., 1990. Tetracycline reduces sedimentation damage to
corals. Marine Biology, 104, 493–496.
Hopley, D., Smithers, S. G., and Parnell, K., 2007. The Geomorphology of the Great Barrier Reef. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Houk, P., Bograd, S., and van Woesik, R., 2007. The transition zone
chlorophyll front can trigger Acanthaster planci outbreaks in the
Pacific Ocean: historical confirmation. Journal of Oceanography, 63, 149–154.
Houlbreque, F., and Ferrier-Pages, C., 2009. Heterotrophy in tropical scleractinian corals. Biological Review, 84, 1–17.
Hughes, T. P., Baird, A. H., Bellwood, D. R., Card, M., Connolly,
S. R., Folke, C., Grosberg, R., Hoegh-Guldberg, O., Jackson,
J. B. C., Kleypas, J., Lough, J. M., Marshall, P., Nystroem, M.,
Palumbi, S. R., Pandolfi, J. M., Rosen, B., and Roughgarden, J.,
2003. Climate change, human impacts, and the resilience of coral
reefs. Science, 301, 929–933.
Hunter, C. L., and Evans, C. W., 1995. Coral reefs in Kaneohe Bay,
Hawaii: two centuries of western influence and two decades of
data. Bulletin of Marine Science, 57, 501–515.
Hutchings, P. A., 1986. Biological destruction of coral reefs.
A review. Coral Reefs, 4, 239–252.
Johannes, R. E., Wiebe, W. J., Crossland, C. J., Rimmer, D. W., and
Smith, S. V., 1983. Latitudinal limits of coral reef growth.
Marine Ecology Progress Series, 11, 105–111.
Kendrick, G. A., 1991. Recruitment of coralline crusts and filamentous turf algae in the Galapagos archipelago: effect of simulated
scour, erosion and accretion. Journal of Experimental Marine
Biology and Ecology, 147, 47–63.
Koop, K., Booth, D., Broadbent, A., Brodie, J., Bucher, D., Capone,
D., Coll, J., Dennison, W., Erdmann, M., Harrison, P., HoeghGuldberg, O., Hutchings, P., Jones, G. B., Larkum, A. W. D.,
O’Neil, J., Steven, A., Tentori, E., Ward, S., Williamson, J.,
and Yellowlees, D., 2001. ENCORE: the effect of nutrient
enrichment on coral reefs. Synthesis of results and conclusions.
Marine Pollution Bulletin, 42, 91–120.
Lapointe, B. E., Barile, P. J., Yentsch, C. S., Littler, M. M., Littler,
D. S., and Kakuk, B., 2004. The relative importance of nutrient
enrichment and herbivory on macroalgal communities near
Norman’s Pond Cay, Exumas Cays, Bahamas: a ‘natural’ enrichment experiment. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and
Ecology, 298, 275–301.
Lapointe, B. E., and Bedford, B. J., 2007. Drift rhodophyte blooms
emerge in Lee County, Florida, USA: Evidence of escalating
coastal eutrophication. Harmful Algae, 6, 421–437.
Lessios, H. A., Cubit, J. D., Robertson, D. R., Shulman, M. J.,
Parker, M. R., Garrity, S. D., and Levings, S. C., 1984. Mass
mortality of Diadema antillarum on the Caribbean coast of
Panama. Coral Reefs, 3, 173–182.
Littler, M. M., and Littler, D. S., 2007. Assessment of coral reefs
using herbivory/nutrient assays and indicator groups of benthic
primary producers: a critical synthesis, proposed protocols, and
critique of management strategies. Aquatic ConservationMarine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 17, 195–215.
Loya, Y., Lubinevsky, H., Rosenfeld, M., and Kramarsky-Winter, E.,
2004. Nutrient enrichment caused by in situ fish farms at Eilat,
Red Sea is detrimental to coral reproduction. Marine Pollution
Bulletin, 49, 344–353.
Lucas, J. S., 1982. Quantitative studies of feeding and nutrition during larval development of the coral reef asteroid Acanthaster
planci (L.). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 65, 173–194.
Luick, J. L., Mason, L., Hardy, T., and Furnas, M. J., 2007. Circulation in the Great Barrier Reef Lagoon using numerical tracers
and in situ data. Continental Shelf Research, 27, 757–778.
Mallela, J., Roberts, C., Harrod, C., and Goldspink, C. R., 2007.
Distributional patterns and community structure of Caribbean
coral reef fishes within a river-impacted bay. Journal of Fish
Biology, 70, 523–537.
Marubini, F., 1996. The Physiological Response of Hermatypic
Corals to Nutrient Enrichment. PhD thesis, Glasgow, University
of Glasgow, p. 192.
Marubini, F., and Davies, P. S., 1996. Nitrate increases zooxanthellae population density and reduces skeletogenesis in corals.
Marine Biology, 127, 319–328.
Matson, P. A., Parton, W. J., Power, A. G., and Swift, M. J., 1997.
Agricultural intensification and ecosystem properties. Science,
277, 504–509.
McCook, L. J., 1999. Macroalgae, nutrients and phase shifts on
coral reefs: scientific issues and management consequences for
the Great Barrier Reef. Coral Reefs, 18, 357–367.
Moody, J., Butman, B., and Bothner, M., 1987. Near-bottom
suspended matter concentration on the continental shelf during
storms: estimates based on in situ observations of light transmission and a particle size dependent transmissometer calibration.
Continental Shelf Research, 7, 609–628.
Nyström, M., Graham, N. A. J., Lokrantz, J., and Norström, A. V.,
(2008). Capturing the cornerstones of coral reef resilience:
linking theory to practice. Coral Reefs.
Pari, N., Peyrot-Clausade, M., and Hutchings, P. A., 2002.
Bioerosion of experimental substrates on high islands and atoll
lagoons (French Polynesia) during 5 years of exposure. Journal
of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 276, 1–2.
Philipp, E., and Fabricius, K., 2003. Photophysiological stress in
scleractinian corals in response to short-term sedimentation.
Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 287,
57–78.
Pimm, L. P., 1984. The complexity and stability of ecosystems.
Nature, 307, 321–326.
Rogers, C. S., 1990. Responses of coral reefs and reef organisms to
sedimentation. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 62, 185–202.
Rose, C. S., and Risk, M. J., 1985. Increase in Cliona delitrix infestation of Montastrea cavernosa heads on an organically polluted
portion of the Grand Cayman fringing reef. Pubblicazioni della
Stazione Zoologica di Napoli I: Marine Ecology, 6, 345–362.
Rosenfeld, M., Bresler, V., and Abelson, A., 1999. Sediment as
a possible source of food for corals. Ecology Letters, 2, 345–348.
Schaffelke, B., 1999. Particulate organic matter as an alternative
nutrient source for tropical Sargassum species (Fucales,
Phaeophyceae). Journal of Phycology, 35, 1150–1157.
Sebens, K. P., 1991. Effects of water flow on coral growth and prey
capture. American Zoologist, 31, 59A.
Smith, S. V., Kimmener, W. J., Laws, E. A., Brock, R. E., and
Walsh, T. W., 1981. Kaneohe Bay sewerage diversion experiment: perspectives on ecosystem response to nutritional perturbation. Pacific Science, 35, 279–395.
Smith, S. V., Swaney, D. P., Talaue-Mcmanus, L., Bartley, J. D.,
Sandhei, P. T., McLaughlin, C. J., Dupra, V. C., Crossland,
C. J., Buddemeier, R. W., Maxwell, B. A., and Wulff, F., 2003.
Humans, hydrology and the distribution of inorganic nutrient
loading to the ocean. BioScience, 53, 235–245.
Stambler, N., Jokiel, P. L., and Dubinsky, Z., 1994. Nutrient limitation in the symbiotic association between zooxanthellae and
reef-building corals: the experimental design. Pacific Science,
48, 219–223.
730
NUTRIENT POLLUTION/EUTROPHICATION