498
D. J. TRANTER:
monthly (or quarterly) means. For the purpose of comparison, the value is expressed as
a percentage of the annual mean (coefficient of variation).
Using this index of seasonal amplitude, various biological properties are compared
in Fig. 12. Particular species and taxa were chosen to encompass the diversity in trophic
habit and origins that makes up the zooplankton community: for example, Copelata
and Thaliacea are algal grazers, Chaetognatha and Coelenterata are predatory, and
Table 4. Seasonal variation + in biological properties in other areas of the world ocean. (+, coefficient
of variation of monthly or quarterly means; P, phytoplankton; Z, zooplankton). Data according to
various sources from the literature
Numerical abundance
Biomass
Nutrients
c::
c::
to
0
... j;! :~
' "
~
'"
...
c::
' "
;::
0:
0:
c::
v
..c::
' "
0..
0
::l
' "
0...
Area
Species
Taxon
Total
... -0
~ '"
0:
0
V
...
0
:§
0
0
...
...
..c::
Z
P
Z
P
Z
P
Z
N
0i:S::
0.
(a) Oceanic
Sub-arctic
Stn "P" (N. Pacific)
85
60 26
11
Stn "B" (Labrador Sea)
228
111 219
Stn "M" (Norwegian Sea)
246
165
Antarctic
110
93 41
Sub-antarctic
71
87
Sub-tropical
Sargasso Sea
148
81-316 27
87
87 49
Gulf Stream
26
Tropical
Eastern Pacific
14 41 31 19
(b) Coastal
Temperate
Long Is. Sound
142 80 66
46 51 112
Str. Georgia (BC)
177
123
88 51 34
39
Plymouth
75
62
86 39
Irish Sea
106 167
83
Sub-tropical
Sydney (Aust.)
33 140
104
48
30
Tropical
Singapore
56 130 56
80 59
Cochin (S. India)
188
107 187
57
73
Copepoda and Ostracoda have diverse feeding habits (RAYMONT, 1963); Eucalanid
copepods are largely herbivores and Euchaetid copepods are carnivores; fish eggs and
larvae and most of the decapod larvae are drawn from non-planktonic stock.
Fig. 12 shows that there is a general trend towards increasing seasonal amplitude,
from nutrients and biomass to plankton numbers. The variation is greater at the species
level (copepod species: 40-120%) than at the taxon level (total Copepoda: 40%). Within
the various taxa, fish eggs and larvae showed the greatest seasonal amplitude (120%)
D. J. TRANTER:
monthly (or quarterly) means. For the purpose of comparison, the value is expressed as
a percentage of the annual mean (coefficient of variation).
Using this index of seasonal amplitude, various biological properties are compared
in Fig. 12. Particular species and taxa were chosen to encompass the diversity in trophic
habit and origins that makes up the zooplankton community: for example, Copelata
and Thaliacea are algal grazers, Chaetognatha and Coelenterata are predatory, and
Table 4. Seasonal variation + in biological properties in other areas of the world ocean. (+, coefficient
of variation of monthly or quarterly means; P, phytoplankton; Z, zooplankton). Data according to
various sources from the literature
Numerical abundance
Biomass
Nutrients
c::
c::
to
0
... j;! :~
' "
~
'"
...
c::
' "
;::
0:
0:
c::
v
..c::
' "
0..
0
::l
' "
0...
Area
Species
Taxon
Total
... -0
~ '"
0:
0
V
...
0
:§
0
0
...
...
..c::
Z
P
Z
P
Z
P
Z
N
0i:S::
0.
(a) Oceanic
Sub-arctic
Stn "P" (N. Pacific)
85
60 26
11
Stn "B" (Labrador Sea)
228
111 219
Stn "M" (Norwegian Sea)
246
165
Antarctic
110
93 41
Sub-antarctic
71
87
Sub-tropical
Sargasso Sea
148
81-316 27
87
87 49
Gulf Stream
26
Tropical
Eastern Pacific
14 41 31 19
(b) Coastal
Temperate
Long Is. Sound
142 80 66
46 51 112
Str. Georgia (BC)
177
123
88 51 34
39
Plymouth
75
62
86 39
Irish Sea
106 167
83
Sub-tropical
Sydney (Aust.)
33 140
104
48
30
Tropical
Singapore
56 130 56
80 59
Cochin (S. India)
188
107 187
57
73
Copepoda and Ostracoda have diverse feeding habits (RAYMONT, 1963); Eucalanid
copepods are largely herbivores and Euchaetid copepods are carnivores; fish eggs and
larvae and most of the decapod larvae are drawn from non-planktonic stock.
Fig. 12 shows that there is a general trend towards increasing seasonal amplitude,
from nutrients and biomass to plankton numbers. The variation is greater at the species
level (copepod species: 40-120%) than at the taxon level (total Copepoda: 40%). Within
the various taxa, fish eggs and larvae showed the greatest seasonal amplitude (120%)