M
Macromolecule, 142, 143, 149, 150, 153, 171,
175, 176, 183, 188
polyanionic, 369
polydispersity, 369
MagA, 12
Maghemite, 13, 15
Magnesian calcite, 225, 228
Magnesium, 143, 149, 175–178, 186
Magnetic fields, 5
Magnetic remanence, 16
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 20, 21
Magnetic saturation moment, 15
Magnetite, 15
Magnetite biomineralization pathway, 9
Magnetite formation, 13
Magnetite/goethide, 78
Magnetobacterium bavaricum, 7
Magnetoreception, 3
Magnetosome chain, 19
Magnetosome island (MAI), 7
Magnetosomes, 5, 9
Magnetospirillum
M. gryphiswaldense, 6
M. magneticum, 6
M. magnetotacticum, 6
Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB), 3, 5
Magnetotaxis, 6
MAI. See Magnetosome island
MamB, 13
MamJ, 19
MamK, 19
MamM, 13
Manganese, 49–67
Manganese deposition, 92
Mangroves, 23, 57
Mantle, 354, 357, 359, 360, 366, 376, 377, 379,
382, 385, 386, 388, 389
Marine Ore, 81
Marinoan, 253
Matrix
amino acid, 368, 369, 372
biochemistry, 367–369, 373, 375, 382
calcium-binding, 379, 380
conchiolin, 367, 368
electrophoresis, 368–374
insoluble, 367, 368, 373, 375, 386
interprismatic, 368
intracrystalline, 364, 367, 368,
373, 381
intraprismatic, 363, 364, 368,
369, 374
serology, 369–372
sheath, 363, 364
soluble, 368–371, 373, 375, 377, 379, 380
Matrix proteins, 332, 337–342, 344, 347
MC–1, 7
MCOs. See Multicopper oxidases
Membrane, 145, 178, 189
Mesocrystal, 383–385, 388
Metallochaperones, 62
Metalloenzymes, 51, 63
Metallogenium, 57, 58
Metals, 240
Micronodule, 91
Microorganisms, 85
MIH. See Molt-inhibiting hormone
Mineral bridge, 160–162
Mineral deposition, 90
Mineralization, 78
MMP. See Multicellular magnetotactic
prokaryote
Mms6, 15
Mn(II)-oxidizing bacteria, 94
Molecular biomineralization, 104
Molecular evolution, 325
Molecule, 169, 170, 175–178, 183, 184,
190–192
Mollusc shell, 143, 144, 159–160
Molting, 316
Molting hormone, 317
Molt-inhibiting hormone (MIH), 317
Monorhaphis chuni, 264
Morphogenetic assays, 237
Morpholinos injection, 239
Morphology, 145, 146, 154, 156, 158,
160–163, 170, 171, 176, 179, 184
MRI. See Magnetic resonance imaging
mRNA microinjection, 239
MTB. See Magnetotactic bacteria
Mucin, 377, 378
Mucoperlin, 354, 372, 375, 377, 378, 386, 388
Multicellular magnetotactic prokaryote
(MMP), 7
Multicopper oxidases (MCOs), 56
N
Nacre, 144, 153, 158, 160–163, 171, 178, 180
elemental composition, 367
mineralogy
row-stack, 365, 366, 386, 388
structure
tablet, 364–367, 375, 378, 386, 388
ultrastructure, 382
Nacrein, 337–340, 342, 343
400
Index
Macromolecule, 142, 143, 149, 150, 153, 171,
175, 176, 183, 188
polyanionic, 369
polydispersity, 369
MagA, 12
Maghemite, 13, 15
Magnesian calcite, 225, 228
Magnesium, 143, 149, 175–178, 186
Magnetic fields, 5
Magnetic remanence, 16
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 20, 21
Magnetic saturation moment, 15
Magnetite, 15
Magnetite biomineralization pathway, 9
Magnetite formation, 13
Magnetite/goethide, 78
Magnetobacterium bavaricum, 7
Magnetoreception, 3
Magnetosome chain, 19
Magnetosome island (MAI), 7
Magnetosomes, 5, 9
Magnetospirillum
M. gryphiswaldense, 6
M. magneticum, 6
M. magnetotacticum, 6
Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB), 3, 5
Magnetotaxis, 6
MAI. See Magnetosome island
MamB, 13
MamJ, 19
MamK, 19
MamM, 13
Manganese, 49–67
Manganese deposition, 92
Mangroves, 23, 57
Mantle, 354, 357, 359, 360, 366, 376, 377, 379,
382, 385, 386, 388, 389
Marine Ore, 81
Marinoan, 253
Matrix
amino acid, 368, 369, 372
biochemistry, 367–369, 373, 375, 382
calcium-binding, 379, 380
conchiolin, 367, 368
electrophoresis, 368–374
insoluble, 367, 368, 373, 375, 386
interprismatic, 368
intracrystalline, 364, 367, 368,
373, 381
intraprismatic, 363, 364, 368,
369, 374
serology, 369–372
sheath, 363, 364
soluble, 368–371, 373, 375, 377, 379, 380
Matrix proteins, 332, 337–342, 344, 347
MC–1, 7
MCOs. See Multicopper oxidases
Membrane, 145, 178, 189
Mesocrystal, 383–385, 388
Metallochaperones, 62
Metalloenzymes, 51, 63
Metallogenium, 57, 58
Metals, 240
Micronodule, 91
Microorganisms, 85
MIH. See Molt-inhibiting hormone
Mineral bridge, 160–162
Mineral deposition, 90
Mineralization, 78
MMP. See Multicellular magnetotactic
prokaryote
Mms6, 15
Mn(II)-oxidizing bacteria, 94
Molecular biomineralization, 104
Molecular evolution, 325
Molecule, 169, 170, 175–178, 183, 184,
190–192
Mollusc shell, 143, 144, 159–160
Molting, 316
Molting hormone, 317
Molt-inhibiting hormone (MIH), 317
Monorhaphis chuni, 264
Morphogenetic assays, 237
Morpholinos injection, 239
Morphology, 145, 146, 154, 156, 158,
160–163, 170, 171, 176, 179, 184
MRI. See Magnetic resonance imaging
mRNA microinjection, 239
MTB. See Magnetotactic bacteria
Mucin, 377, 378
Mucoperlin, 354, 372, 375, 377, 378, 386, 388
Multicellular magnetotactic prokaryote
(MMP), 7
Multicopper oxidases (MCOs), 56
N
Nacre, 144, 153, 158, 160–163, 171, 178, 180
elemental composition, 367
mineralogy
row-stack, 365, 366, 386, 388
structure
tablet, 364–367, 375, 378, 386, 388
ultrastructure, 382
Nacrein, 337–340, 342, 343
400
Index