of waste oil. Industrial effluents introduce 0.3 million t into the oceans of the world
and refineries nearly 0.2 million t.
Even when there are no spills, some oil continually escapes from the many small
leaks in off-shore wells and on the pumping platforms so that 0.1 million t of oil
escapes from off-shore drilling and pollutes the sea. On a world-wide scale, drilling
for oil has been done at about 20,000 offshore locations during the past 30 years.
In the North Sea, since 1964 drilling has been done at about 1000 locations, and
200km
SHETLAND
ORKNEY ,
EDINBURGH
............ )
..............
...............
:::::::::::::::
ENGLAND
n~:~:~~~6RT .
~. ,
:.:- •••••••••••••••••• :.
Dutch F/18'
........ ~
:·:·:·:·:·:·.·.·.·.·.E VI",.f
-- ... , ' .
......................... ~
.
:::::: EASiNGTON 0 WestSoie
":':-:-:-:-:':':-:':':':'. O~O Ind1efat\. ble Placid
E~Qt: ":':::".
~.
Isa
0
0
. . . . . . . . . .
. THEDDLETHORPE • Amethyst
0 ~n
• ':::., ..• :::::.
::::::::::::::::;:;:::::::>.
ewett ... O' t-~ rfEM~~~~~~.:.:.:.:.: FED REP
.~(}~:~:~:~:~:~:::: ••••• ~Leman NETHERU~NDS: GERMANY'
2m.:-:-:-:.:::.:::::.: ~~~~~~:.:
..... :: .......... ::::;: •.. :::;;.'. '::: .
• - - - oil 0 g : c gas ~ oil and gas +shelf borders
Fig. 44. Exploration and pipelines for oil and gas in the North Sea, (From information provided
by H. Schoeneich in lahrbuch fUr Bergbau, Energie, Mineralol und Chemie, 1977, and from newspaper information)
82