26.6 References
Stanford, J. A; Ward, J. V. 1992. Management of aquatic
resources in large catchments: recognizing interactions
between ecosystem connectivity and environmental
disturbance. In: Naiman, R J., ed. Watershed management. New York: Springer-Verlag: 91-124.
Stanford, J. A; Ward, J. V.; Liss, W. J.; Frissell, C. A;
Williams, R N.; Lichatowich, J. A; Coutant, C. C.
1996. A general protocol for restoration of regulated
rivers. Regul. River. 12:391-413.
Statzner, B.; Higler, B. 1986. Stream hydraulics as a major determinant of benthic invertebrate zonation patterns. Freshwater Bioi. 16:127-139.
Steedman, R J. 1988. Modification and assessment of
an index of biotic integrity to quantify stream quality
in southern Ontario. Can. J. Fisheries Aquat. Sci.
45:492-501.
Steedman, R J.; Whillans, T. H.; Behm, A. P.; Bray,
K. E.; Cullis, K. I.; Holland, M. M.; Stoddart, S. I.;
White, R J. 1996. Use of historical information for
conservation and restoration of Great Lakes aquatic
habitat. Can. J. Fisheries Aquat. Sci. 53 (Supplement
1):415-423.
The Nature Conservancy. 1997. A classification framework for freshwater communities. In: Proceedings of
The Nature Conservancy's aquatic community classification workshop; April 9-11, 1996, New Haven,
MO. Chicago: The Nature Conservancy, Great Lakes
Program Office.
Tonn, W. M.; Magnuson, J. J.; Forbes, A M. 1983. Community analysis of fishery management: an application with northern Wisconsin lakes. Trans. Amer.
Fisheries Soc. 112:368-377.
Tonn, W. M.; Magnuson, J. J.; Rask, M.; Toivonen, J.
1990. Intercontinental comparison of small-lake fish
403
assemblages: the balance between local and regional
processes. Amer. Naturalist 136:345-375.
Townsend, C. R.; Hildrew, A 1994. Species traits in relation to a habitat templet for river systems. Freshwater BioI. 31:265-275.
Vannote, R. L.; Minshall, G. W.; Cummins K. W.;
Sedell, J. R; Cushing, C. E. 1980. The river continuum concept. Can. J. Fisheries Aquat. Sci. 37:130137.
Ward, J. V. 1997. An expansive perspective of riverine
landscapes: pattern and process across scales. Gaia
6(1):52-60.
Warren, C. E. 1979. Toward classification and rationale
for watershed management and stream protection. Report No. EPA-600/3-79-059. Corvallis, OR: U.S. Environ. Protect. Agency.
Wetzel, R G. 1983. Limnology, 2nd ed. New York: CBS
College Publishing.
Wiley, M. J.; Kohler, S. L.; Seelbach, P. 1997. Reconciling landscape and local views of aquatic communities: lessons from Michigan trout streams. Freshwater
Bioi. 37:133-148.
Williams, J. D.; Warren, M. L., If.; Cummings, K. S.;
Harris, J. L.; Neves, R J. 1993. Conservation status
of freshwater mussels of the United States and Canada.
Fisheries 18(9):6-22.
Williams, J. E.; Johnson, J. E.; Hendrickson, D. A.; Contreras Balderas, S.; Williams, J. D.; Navarro-Mendoza,
M.; McAllister, D. E.; Deacon, J. E. 1989. Fishes of
North America, endangered, threatened, or of special
concern. Fisheries 14(6):2-38.
Zaret, T. M. 1982. The stability/diversity controversy: a
test of hypotheses. Ecology 63:721-731.
Zwick, P. 1992. Stream habitat fragmentation-a threat
to biodiversity. Biodivers. Conserv. 1:80-97.
Stanford, J. A; Ward, J. V. 1992. Management of aquatic
resources in large catchments: recognizing interactions
between ecosystem connectivity and environmental
disturbance. In: Naiman, R J., ed. Watershed management. New York: Springer-Verlag: 91-124.
Stanford, J. A; Ward, J. V.; Liss, W. J.; Frissell, C. A;
Williams, R N.; Lichatowich, J. A; Coutant, C. C.
1996. A general protocol for restoration of regulated
rivers. Regul. River. 12:391-413.
Statzner, B.; Higler, B. 1986. Stream hydraulics as a major determinant of benthic invertebrate zonation patterns. Freshwater Bioi. 16:127-139.
Steedman, R J. 1988. Modification and assessment of
an index of biotic integrity to quantify stream quality
in southern Ontario. Can. J. Fisheries Aquat. Sci.
45:492-501.
Steedman, R J.; Whillans, T. H.; Behm, A. P.; Bray,
K. E.; Cullis, K. I.; Holland, M. M.; Stoddart, S. I.;
White, R J. 1996. Use of historical information for
conservation and restoration of Great Lakes aquatic
habitat. Can. J. Fisheries Aquat. Sci. 53 (Supplement
1):415-423.
The Nature Conservancy. 1997. A classification framework for freshwater communities. In: Proceedings of
The Nature Conservancy's aquatic community classification workshop; April 9-11, 1996, New Haven,
MO. Chicago: The Nature Conservancy, Great Lakes
Program Office.
Tonn, W. M.; Magnuson, J. J.; Forbes, A M. 1983. Community analysis of fishery management: an application with northern Wisconsin lakes. Trans. Amer.
Fisheries Soc. 112:368-377.
Tonn, W. M.; Magnuson, J. J.; Rask, M.; Toivonen, J.
1990. Intercontinental comparison of small-lake fish
403
assemblages: the balance between local and regional
processes. Amer. Naturalist 136:345-375.
Townsend, C. R.; Hildrew, A 1994. Species traits in relation to a habitat templet for river systems. Freshwater BioI. 31:265-275.
Vannote, R. L.; Minshall, G. W.; Cummins K. W.;
Sedell, J. R; Cushing, C. E. 1980. The river continuum concept. Can. J. Fisheries Aquat. Sci. 37:130137.
Ward, J. V. 1997. An expansive perspective of riverine
landscapes: pattern and process across scales. Gaia
6(1):52-60.
Warren, C. E. 1979. Toward classification and rationale
for watershed management and stream protection. Report No. EPA-600/3-79-059. Corvallis, OR: U.S. Environ. Protect. Agency.
Wetzel, R G. 1983. Limnology, 2nd ed. New York: CBS
College Publishing.
Wiley, M. J.; Kohler, S. L.; Seelbach, P. 1997. Reconciling landscape and local views of aquatic communities: lessons from Michigan trout streams. Freshwater
Bioi. 37:133-148.
Williams, J. D.; Warren, M. L., If.; Cummings, K. S.;
Harris, J. L.; Neves, R J. 1993. Conservation status
of freshwater mussels of the United States and Canada.
Fisheries 18(9):6-22.
Williams, J. E.; Johnson, J. E.; Hendrickson, D. A.; Contreras Balderas, S.; Williams, J. D.; Navarro-Mendoza,
M.; McAllister, D. E.; Deacon, J. E. 1989. Fishes of
North America, endangered, threatened, or of special
concern. Fisheries 14(6):2-38.
Zaret, T. M. 1982. The stability/diversity controversy: a
test of hypotheses. Ecology 63:721-731.
Zwick, P. 1992. Stream habitat fragmentation-a threat
to biodiversity. Biodivers. Conserv. 1:80-97.