Fuller, T.K. 1995. Guidelines for Gray Wolf Management in the Northern Great
Lakes Region. Technical Publication No. 271. International Wolf Center, Ely,
Minnesota, USA.
Fuller, T.K., W.E. Berg, G.L. Radde, M.S. Lenarz, and G.B. Joselyn. 1992. A history
and current estimate of wolf distribution and numbers in Minnesota. Wildlife
Society Bulletin 20:42–55.
Gese, E.M. and L.D. Mech. 1991. Dispersal of wolves (Canis lupus) in northeastern
Minnesota, 1969–1989. Canadian Journal of Zoology 69:2946–2955.
Getz, W.M. and R.G. Haight. 1989. Population Harvesting: Demographic Models
of Fish, Forest and Animal Resources. Monographs in Population Biology 27.
Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
Gogan, P.J.P., E.M. Olexa, N. Thomas, D. Kuehn, and K.M. Podruzny. 2000.
Ecological Status of Gray Wolves in and Adjacent to Voyageurs National Park,
Minnesota. Draft technical report. U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky
Mountain Science Center, Bozeman, Montana, USA.
Haight, R.G. and L.D. Mech. 1997. Computer simulation of vasectomy for wolf
control. Journal of Wildlife Management 61:1023–1031.
Haight, R.G., D.J. Mladenoff, and A.P. Wydeven. 1998. Modeling disjunct gray wolf
populations in semi-wild landscapes. Conservation Biology 12:879–888.
Haight, R.G., B. Cypher, P.A. Kelly, S. Phillips, H. Possingham, K. Ralls, A.M.
Starfield, P.J. White, and D. Williams. 2002. Optimizing habitat protection using
demographic models of population viability. Conservation Biology 16 (in press).
Hayes, R.D. 1995. Numerical and functional responses of wolves, and regulation of
moose in the Yukon. M.S. thesis. Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British
Columbia, Canada.
Kelly, B.T., P.S. Miller, and U.S. Seal, editors. 1999. Population and habitat viability
assessment workshop for the red wolf (Canis rufus). IUCN/SSC Conservation
Breeding Specialist Group, Apple Valley, Minnesota, USA.
Lamberson, R.H., B.R. Noon, C. Voss, and K.S. McKelvey. 1994. Reserve design for
territorial species: The effects of patch size and spacing on the viability of the
northern spotted owl. Conservation Biology 8:185–195.
Lande, R. 1987. Extinction thresholds in demographic models of territorial populations. American Naturalist 130:624–635.
Mech, L.D. 1970. The Wolf: The Ecology and Behavior of an Endangered Species.
The Natural History Press, Garden City, New York, USA.
Mech, L.D. 1986. Wolf Population in the Central Superior National Forest,
1967–1985. U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service Research
Paper NC-270. USDA Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station,
St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
Mech, L.D. 1995. The challenge and opportunity of recovering wolf populations.
Conservation Biology 9:270–278.
Mech, L.D. 1998. Estimated costs of maintaining a recovered wolf population in
agricultural regions of Minnesota. Wildlife Society Bulletin 26:817–822.
Mech, L.D., S.H. Fritts, and M.E. Nelson. 1996. Wolf management in the 21st
century, from public input to sterilization. Journal of Wildlife Research 1:195–
198.
Mladenoff, D.J., T.A. Sickley, R.G. Haight, and A.P. Wydeven. 1995. A regional landscape analysis and prediction of favorable gray wolf habitat in the northern Great
Lakes region. Conservation Biology 9:279–294.
44
Jean Fitts Cochrane et al.
Lakes Region. Technical Publication No. 271. International Wolf Center, Ely,
Minnesota, USA.
Fuller, T.K., W.E. Berg, G.L. Radde, M.S. Lenarz, and G.B. Joselyn. 1992. A history
and current estimate of wolf distribution and numbers in Minnesota. Wildlife
Society Bulletin 20:42–55.
Gese, E.M. and L.D. Mech. 1991. Dispersal of wolves (Canis lupus) in northeastern
Minnesota, 1969–1989. Canadian Journal of Zoology 69:2946–2955.
Getz, W.M. and R.G. Haight. 1989. Population Harvesting: Demographic Models
of Fish, Forest and Animal Resources. Monographs in Population Biology 27.
Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
Gogan, P.J.P., E.M. Olexa, N. Thomas, D. Kuehn, and K.M. Podruzny. 2000.
Ecological Status of Gray Wolves in and Adjacent to Voyageurs National Park,
Minnesota. Draft technical report. U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky
Mountain Science Center, Bozeman, Montana, USA.
Haight, R.G. and L.D. Mech. 1997. Computer simulation of vasectomy for wolf
control. Journal of Wildlife Management 61:1023–1031.
Haight, R.G., D.J. Mladenoff, and A.P. Wydeven. 1998. Modeling disjunct gray wolf
populations in semi-wild landscapes. Conservation Biology 12:879–888.
Haight, R.G., B. Cypher, P.A. Kelly, S. Phillips, H. Possingham, K. Ralls, A.M.
Starfield, P.J. White, and D. Williams. 2002. Optimizing habitat protection using
demographic models of population viability. Conservation Biology 16 (in press).
Hayes, R.D. 1995. Numerical and functional responses of wolves, and regulation of
moose in the Yukon. M.S. thesis. Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British
Columbia, Canada.
Kelly, B.T., P.S. Miller, and U.S. Seal, editors. 1999. Population and habitat viability
assessment workshop for the red wolf (Canis rufus). IUCN/SSC Conservation
Breeding Specialist Group, Apple Valley, Minnesota, USA.
Lamberson, R.H., B.R. Noon, C. Voss, and K.S. McKelvey. 1994. Reserve design for
territorial species: The effects of patch size and spacing on the viability of the
northern spotted owl. Conservation Biology 8:185–195.
Lande, R. 1987. Extinction thresholds in demographic models of territorial populations. American Naturalist 130:624–635.
Mech, L.D. 1970. The Wolf: The Ecology and Behavior of an Endangered Species.
The Natural History Press, Garden City, New York, USA.
Mech, L.D. 1986. Wolf Population in the Central Superior National Forest,
1967–1985. U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service Research
Paper NC-270. USDA Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station,
St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
Mech, L.D. 1995. The challenge and opportunity of recovering wolf populations.
Conservation Biology 9:270–278.
Mech, L.D. 1998. Estimated costs of maintaining a recovered wolf population in
agricultural regions of Minnesota. Wildlife Society Bulletin 26:817–822.
Mech, L.D., S.H. Fritts, and M.E. Nelson. 1996. Wolf management in the 21st
century, from public input to sterilization. Journal of Wildlife Research 1:195–
198.
Mladenoff, D.J., T.A. Sickley, R.G. Haight, and A.P. Wydeven. 1995. A regional landscape analysis and prediction of favorable gray wolf habitat in the northern Great
Lakes region. Conservation Biology 9:279–294.
44
Jean Fitts Cochrane et al.