362
Until now, the evaluation of ecosystem services has been conducted mostly by
natural science researchers, but Future Earth aims to emphasize the knowledge of
social scientists to better communicate the research results to communities, which
matches the aim of the IPBES, namely, strengthening the linkage between science
and policy. Through this transdisciplinary research, Future Earth will help to codesign/co-create the entire process of research from problem discovery to practical
solutions with the stakeholders of each society.
Among the international frameworks that are related to blue carbon, the most
integrative framework is the outcome document of the United Nations Sustainable
Development Summit, held in September 2015, “Transforming Our World: The
2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.” This agenda, which includes 17
Sustainable Development Goals and 169 targets, is positioned as the successor to
the Millennium Development Goals (adopted in September 2000), with the goals to
be achieved by 2030 for people, the planet, and prosperity. The 17 Sustainable
Development Goals include issues such as poverty, hunger, energy, health, and welfare (Fig. 13.7); the urgent action to combat climate change and the conservation
and sustainable use of the ocean are listed as independent goals.
Climate change is Goal 13: taking urgent action to combat climate change and its
impacts. Three targets are included:
13.1 Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and
natural disasters in all countries;
International GeosphereBiosphere Programme
(IGBP)
International research programme aiming
at integrating biodiversity science for
human well-being (DIVERSITAS)
International Human Dimension
Programme on Global Environmental
Change (IHDP)
World Climete Research
Programme (WCRP)
International Council for Science
(ICSU)
International Social Science
Council (ISSC)
Sustainable Development
Solutions Network (SDSN)
United Nations Educational,
Scientific and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO)
United Nations Environment
Programme (UNEP)
United Nations
University (UNU)
World Meteorological
Organization (WMO)
Science and Technology in
Society forum (STS Forum)
Future Earth
Belmont Forum
Fig. 13.6 Framework of Future Earth, which was organized for the purpose of integrating four
interdisciplinary fields (WCRP, IGBP, DIVERSITAS and IHDP) related to global environmental
change promoted by the International Council for Science and aims to foster transdisciplinary
research. Other international organizations also participate and support Future Earth. The Belmont
forum is typical in terms of a multilateral joint research funding agency for research on global
environmental change
T. Kuwae and M. Hori
Until now, the evaluation of ecosystem services has been conducted mostly by
natural science researchers, but Future Earth aims to emphasize the knowledge of
social scientists to better communicate the research results to communities, which
matches the aim of the IPBES, namely, strengthening the linkage between science
and policy. Through this transdisciplinary research, Future Earth will help to codesign/co-create the entire process of research from problem discovery to practical
solutions with the stakeholders of each society.
Among the international frameworks that are related to blue carbon, the most
integrative framework is the outcome document of the United Nations Sustainable
Development Summit, held in September 2015, “Transforming Our World: The
2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.” This agenda, which includes 17
Sustainable Development Goals and 169 targets, is positioned as the successor to
the Millennium Development Goals (adopted in September 2000), with the goals to
be achieved by 2030 for people, the planet, and prosperity. The 17 Sustainable
Development Goals include issues such as poverty, hunger, energy, health, and welfare (Fig. 13.7); the urgent action to combat climate change and the conservation
and sustainable use of the ocean are listed as independent goals.
Climate change is Goal 13: taking urgent action to combat climate change and its
impacts. Three targets are included:
13.1 Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and
natural disasters in all countries;
International GeosphereBiosphere Programme
(IGBP)
International research programme aiming
at integrating biodiversity science for
human well-being (DIVERSITAS)
International Human Dimension
Programme on Global Environmental
Change (IHDP)
World Climete Research
Programme (WCRP)
International Council for Science
(ICSU)
International Social Science
Council (ISSC)
Sustainable Development
Solutions Network (SDSN)
United Nations Educational,
Scientific and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO)
United Nations Environment
Programme (UNEP)
United Nations
University (UNU)
World Meteorological
Organization (WMO)
Science and Technology in
Society forum (STS Forum)
Future Earth
Belmont Forum
Fig. 13.6 Framework of Future Earth, which was organized for the purpose of integrating four
interdisciplinary fields (WCRP, IGBP, DIVERSITAS and IHDP) related to global environmental
change promoted by the International Council for Science and aims to foster transdisciplinary
research. Other international organizations also participate and support Future Earth. The Belmont
forum is typical in terms of a multilateral joint research funding agency for research on global
environmental change
T. Kuwae and M. Hori