218
Donato DC, Kauffman JB, Murdiyarso D, Kurnianto K, Stidham M, Kanninen M (2011)
Mangroves among the most carbon-rich forests in the tropics. Nat Geosci 4:293–297
Feller IC, Lovelock CE, Berger U, McKee KL, Joye SB, Ball MC (2010) Bio-complexity in mangrove ecosystems. Annu Rev Mar Sci 2:395–417
Fourqurean JW, Duarte CM, Kennedy H, Marbà N, Holmer M, Mateo MA et al (2012) Seagrass
ecosystems as a globally significant carbon stock. Nat Geosci 5(7):505–509
Ganguly D, Dey M, Mandal SK, De TK, Jana TK (2008) Energy dynamics and its implication to
biosphere–atmosphere exchange of CO 2 , H 2 O and CH 4 in a tropical mangrove forest canopy.
Atmos Environ 42(18):4172–4184
Giri C, Ochieng E, Tieszen LL, Zhu Z, Singh A, Loveland T, Masek J, Duke N (2011) Status and
distribution of mangrove forests of the world using earth observation satellite data. Glob Ecol
Biogeogr 20(1):154–159
Gouda R, Panigrahy RC (1996) The mangroves of Orissa. J Indian Ocean Stud 3(3):228–237
Hamilton S, Casey D (2016) Creation of high spatiotemporal resolution global database of continuous mangrove forest cover for the 21st century: a big-data fusion approach. Glob Ecol
Biogeogr 25:729–738
Hinson AL, Feagin RA, Eriksson M, Najjar RG, Herrmann M, Bianchi TS, Kemp M, Hutchings
JA, Crooks S, Boutton T (2017) The spatial distribution of soil organic carbon in tidal wetland
soils of the continental United States. Glob Chang Biol 23(12):5468–5480
Hirata R, Saigusa N, Yamamoto S, Ohtani Y, Ide R, Asanuma J, Gamo M, Hirano T, Kondo H,
Kosugi Y, Li SG, Nakai Y, Takagi K, Tani M, Wang H (2008) Spatial distribution of carbon balance in forest ecosystems across East Asia. Agric For Meteorol 148(5):761–775
Ho DT, Coffineau N, Hickman B, Chow N, Koffman T, Schlosser P (2016) Influence of current
velocity and wind speed on air-water gas exchange in a mangrove estuary. Geophys Res Lett
43:3813–3821
Ho DT, Wanninkhof R, Schlosser P, Ullman DS, Hebert D, Sullivan KF (2011) Towards a universal
relationship between wind speed and gas exchange: gas transfer velocities measured with 3He/
SF6 during the Southern Ocean gas exchange experiment. J Geophys Res 116:C00F04. https://
doi.org/10.1029/2010JC006854
Ho DT, Ferrón S, Engel VC, Larsen LG, Barr JG (2014) Air-water gas exchange and CO 2
flux in a mangrove-dominated estuary. Geophys Res Lett 41:108–113. https://doi.
org/10.1002/2013GL058785
Inoue T (2018) Carbon sequestration in mangroves. In: Kuwae T, Hori M (eds) Blue carbon in shallow coastal ecosystems: carbon dynamics, policy, and implementation. Springer, Singapore,
pp 73–99
IPCC (2007) Climate change 2007: the physical science basis. Contribution of Working Group I to
the fourth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. In: Solomon S,
Qin D, Manning M, Chen Z, Marquis M, Tignor KBM, Miller HL (eds) Cambridge University
Press, Cambridge/New York
IPCC (2012) Summary for policymakers, in managing the risks of extreme events and disasters to advance climate change adaptation: a special report of Working Groups I and II of
the Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change, In: Field CB, Barros V, Stocker TF, Qin D,
Dokken DJ, Ebi KL, Mastrandrea MD, Mach KJ, Plattner G-K, Allen SK, Tignor M, Midgley
PM (eds) Cambridge University Press, Cambridge/New York, pp 1–19
IUCN (2009) The management of natural coastal carbon sink. In: Laffoley D, GrimsditchG (eds)
IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas; Natural England; UNEP
Jennerjahn TC, Ittekkot V (2002) Relevance of mangroves for the production and deposition of
organic matter along tropical continental margins. Naturwissenschaften 89:23–30
Joffre R, Ourcival JM, Rambal S, Rocheteau A (2003) The key-role of topsoil moisture on CO 2
efflux from a Mediterranean quercus ilex forest. Ann For Sci 60:519–526
Kanemasu ET, Wesely ML, Hicks BB, Heilman JL (1979) Techniques for calculating energy and
mass fluxes. In: Barfield BL, Gerber JF (eds) Modification of the aerial environment of crops.
American Society of Agricultural Engineering, St. Joseph
A. Akhand et al.
Donato DC, Kauffman JB, Murdiyarso D, Kurnianto K, Stidham M, Kanninen M (2011)
Mangroves among the most carbon-rich forests in the tropics. Nat Geosci 4:293–297
Feller IC, Lovelock CE, Berger U, McKee KL, Joye SB, Ball MC (2010) Bio-complexity in mangrove ecosystems. Annu Rev Mar Sci 2:395–417
Fourqurean JW, Duarte CM, Kennedy H, Marbà N, Holmer M, Mateo MA et al (2012) Seagrass
ecosystems as a globally significant carbon stock. Nat Geosci 5(7):505–509
Ganguly D, Dey M, Mandal SK, De TK, Jana TK (2008) Energy dynamics and its implication to
biosphere–atmosphere exchange of CO 2 , H 2 O and CH 4 in a tropical mangrove forest canopy.
Atmos Environ 42(18):4172–4184
Giri C, Ochieng E, Tieszen LL, Zhu Z, Singh A, Loveland T, Masek J, Duke N (2011) Status and
distribution of mangrove forests of the world using earth observation satellite data. Glob Ecol
Biogeogr 20(1):154–159
Gouda R, Panigrahy RC (1996) The mangroves of Orissa. J Indian Ocean Stud 3(3):228–237
Hamilton S, Casey D (2016) Creation of high spatiotemporal resolution global database of continuous mangrove forest cover for the 21st century: a big-data fusion approach. Glob Ecol
Biogeogr 25:729–738
Hinson AL, Feagin RA, Eriksson M, Najjar RG, Herrmann M, Bianchi TS, Kemp M, Hutchings
JA, Crooks S, Boutton T (2017) The spatial distribution of soil organic carbon in tidal wetland
soils of the continental United States. Glob Chang Biol 23(12):5468–5480
Hirata R, Saigusa N, Yamamoto S, Ohtani Y, Ide R, Asanuma J, Gamo M, Hirano T, Kondo H,
Kosugi Y, Li SG, Nakai Y, Takagi K, Tani M, Wang H (2008) Spatial distribution of carbon balance in forest ecosystems across East Asia. Agric For Meteorol 148(5):761–775
Ho DT, Coffineau N, Hickman B, Chow N, Koffman T, Schlosser P (2016) Influence of current
velocity and wind speed on air-water gas exchange in a mangrove estuary. Geophys Res Lett
43:3813–3821
Ho DT, Wanninkhof R, Schlosser P, Ullman DS, Hebert D, Sullivan KF (2011) Towards a universal
relationship between wind speed and gas exchange: gas transfer velocities measured with 3He/
SF6 during the Southern Ocean gas exchange experiment. J Geophys Res 116:C00F04. https://
doi.org/10.1029/2010JC006854
Ho DT, Ferrón S, Engel VC, Larsen LG, Barr JG (2014) Air-water gas exchange and CO 2
flux in a mangrove-dominated estuary. Geophys Res Lett 41:108–113. https://doi.
org/10.1002/2013GL058785
Inoue T (2018) Carbon sequestration in mangroves. In: Kuwae T, Hori M (eds) Blue carbon in shallow coastal ecosystems: carbon dynamics, policy, and implementation. Springer, Singapore,
pp 73–99
IPCC (2007) Climate change 2007: the physical science basis. Contribution of Working Group I to
the fourth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. In: Solomon S,
Qin D, Manning M, Chen Z, Marquis M, Tignor KBM, Miller HL (eds) Cambridge University
Press, Cambridge/New York
IPCC (2012) Summary for policymakers, in managing the risks of extreme events and disasters to advance climate change adaptation: a special report of Working Groups I and II of
the Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change, In: Field CB, Barros V, Stocker TF, Qin D,
Dokken DJ, Ebi KL, Mastrandrea MD, Mach KJ, Plattner G-K, Allen SK, Tignor M, Midgley
PM (eds) Cambridge University Press, Cambridge/New York, pp 1–19
IUCN (2009) The management of natural coastal carbon sink. In: Laffoley D, GrimsditchG (eds)
IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas; Natural England; UNEP
Jennerjahn TC, Ittekkot V (2002) Relevance of mangroves for the production and deposition of
organic matter along tropical continental margins. Naturwissenschaften 89:23–30
Joffre R, Ourcival JM, Rambal S, Rocheteau A (2003) The key-role of topsoil moisture on CO 2
efflux from a Mediterranean quercus ilex forest. Ann For Sci 60:519–526
Kanemasu ET, Wesely ML, Hicks BB, Heilman JL (1979) Techniques for calculating energy and
mass fluxes. In: Barfield BL, Gerber JF (eds) Modification of the aerial environment of crops.
American Society of Agricultural Engineering, St. Joseph
A. Akhand et al.