193
Table 7.1 Atmosphere-biosphere CO 2 fluxes recorded in various mangrove forests throughout the
world
Site
Method
Time
NEE – CO 2 flux
(g CO 2  m
−2
 day
−1
)
a
Authors
Lothian Island,
Sundarban, India
Flux
gradient
method
May, 1999
0.003
Mukhophadhya
et al. (2001)
Lothian Island &
Sagar Island,
Sundarban, India
Flux
gradient
method
1998–2000
(Annual cycle)
−284.5–2972.2
Mukhopadhyay
et al. (2002)
Lothian Island
&Sajnekhali,
Sundarban, India
Flux
gradient
method
2006 (Annual
cycle)
−48.3
Ganguly et al.
(2008)
Lothian Island and
Bonnie Camp,
Sundarban, India
Flux
gradient
method
September,
2009–2010
−86.4 ± 57.0(day) Ray et al. (2011)
79.5 ± 38.0 (night)
Jharkhali (JK), Henry
Island (HI) & Bonnie
Camp (BC),
Sundarban, India
Flux
gradient
method
April & May,
2011
−51.1(JK)
Chanda et al.
(2013a)
−18.9 (HI)
−1.5 (BC)
Jharkhali (JK), Henry
Island (HI) & Bonnie
Camp (BC),
Sundarban, India
Flux
gradient
method
April, 2011–
March, 2012
(Annual cycle)
−114.9 (JK)
Chanda et al.
(2013b)
−76 (HI)
−33 (BC)
Bonnie Camp,
Sundarban, India
Eddy
covariance
April (2012)–
March (2012)
−2.5 ± 0.2
Rodda et al.
(2016)
Lothian Island,
Sundarban, India
Flux
gradient
method
December, 2011 −31.1
Ray and Jana
(2017)
Phangnga National
Park Mangroves,
Thailand
Eddy
covariance
July & August,
1994
−86.4–1.7
Monji et al.
(1996)
Phangnga National
Park Mangroves,
Thailand
Eddy
covariance
March & April,
1995
−172.8–518.4
Monji et al.
(1997)
Phangnga National
Park Mangroves,
Thailand
Eddy
covariance
December
&January,
1996–97; July &
August, 1997;
August &
September, 1998
−151.2–86.4
Monji et al.
(2002)
Guangzhou
Mangroves, China
NA
NA
−81.2
Kang et al.
(2008)
Everglades National
Park, USA
Eddy
covariance
January,
2004 – August,
2005
−11.8 ± 1.3
Barr et al.
(2010)
(continued)
7 CO 2 Fluxes in Mangrove Ecosystems