418
Pollutants. See also specific pollutants
atmospheric deposition, 265-276
delivery vectors, 266
effect on soil invertebrates, 319
modeling of, 165
Polycarbonate filters, 140
Population models, 374, 376, 377
Populus deltoides, 10, 14
Populus nigra, 10, 14
Potassium (K)
fertilizers, 299
as limiting nutrient, 293
and CNHt) absorption, 297
production by decomposition, 104
release, 272
Potassium carbonate (K2C03), 299
Potassium chloride (KCl), 299
Potassium hydroxide (KOH), 221,299
Potassium nitrate (KN03), 299
Potassium permanganate (PMn04), 299
Potassium pyrophosphate (~P207)' 299
Precipitation. See also Rainfall
and atmospheric deposition, 265
changes in patterns, 341
CLIMEX facility, 342-343, 359
isotopic composition, 183
nitrogen loss isotope fractionation, 132
predicted increases, 354
11DEs, 344, 347,348
throughfall,251, 342, 343, 344-345
volume measurement, 267-268
Predators, transplanted, 324
PRESS treatments, 333
Pressure chambers, 203-204, 210
Prey, transplanted, 310, 324
Primary productivity. See also Gross primary
productivity; Net primary productivity
in aquatic ecosystems, 72-85
herbivores, effect of, 154-156
reaction, 72
schematic carbon flow, 33
Principal component analysis (PCA), 146
Production, definition, 32
Profiling radar scatterometers, 19
Pseudoreplication, 349
Pulse laser systems, 11
PULSE treatments, 333
Pulse-labeling techniques, 223
PVI (perpendicular vegetation index), 22-23
Pyrites, 88
Quantum light sensors, 9
Quartz bottles, 75
Quartz combustion furnace, 188
Quercus, 154,342,344
Radar, SAR, 17
Radar interferometry, 17-18
Radar profilers, 17, 23
Radar remote sensing, 14-18
Radar scatterometers, 8
RADARSAT, 17
Radiative transfer, 9
Index
Radioisotopes. See also Isotopes; Isotopic methods;
Stable isotopes
decomposition rates, 113
material flow, 377
production measurements, 143-144
SOM turnover studies, 117-137
sulfate reduction, 95-96
tracers of nitrogen cycling, 132
Rain forests, 265
Raindrop size, 343
Rainfall, 343-344, 362. See also Precipitation
Raleigh distillation effects, 133, 193
Rangefinders, 11
Reciprocal transplants, 109-110
Redox zonation, 86-87
Reflectances, 45
Relaxed eddy accumulation (REA), 174
Remote sensing, 8, 21
Reoxidation, 88
Representative sampling, 184
Rhizobium, 322
Riparian zones, 292, 311
Rivers, 79-81. See also Streams
RNA hypothesis, 395
Rock formations, 311
Rock phosphate, 296, 298
Roots
barriers to, 349
belowground biomass estimation, 59-60
estimated turnover, 62
measurement of length, 63--64
within soil, 318
whole-plant hydraulic conductance, 209-210
Rotenone, 309
Rotifers, 333
Roughness sublayer (RSL), 162, 167, 168
Routh-Hurwitz criteria, 383
Salinity, and trace gas solubility, 239
Sample collection
organic matter, 186-189
plot shape, 35
soil, 59, 254
soil water, 184
streams, techniques for, 252-253
trace gases, 174, 238
water, 184
Pollutants. See also specific pollutants
atmospheric deposition, 265-276
delivery vectors, 266
effect on soil invertebrates, 319
modeling of, 165
Polycarbonate filters, 140
Population models, 374, 376, 377
Populus deltoides, 10, 14
Populus nigra, 10, 14
Potassium (K)
fertilizers, 299
as limiting nutrient, 293
and CNHt) absorption, 297
production by decomposition, 104
release, 272
Potassium carbonate (K2C03), 299
Potassium chloride (KCl), 299
Potassium hydroxide (KOH), 221,299
Potassium nitrate (KN03), 299
Potassium permanganate (PMn04), 299
Potassium pyrophosphate (~P207)' 299
Precipitation. See also Rainfall
and atmospheric deposition, 265
changes in patterns, 341
CLIMEX facility, 342-343, 359
isotopic composition, 183
nitrogen loss isotope fractionation, 132
predicted increases, 354
11DEs, 344, 347,348
throughfall,251, 342, 343, 344-345
volume measurement, 267-268
Predators, transplanted, 324
PRESS treatments, 333
Pressure chambers, 203-204, 210
Prey, transplanted, 310, 324
Primary productivity. See also Gross primary
productivity; Net primary productivity
in aquatic ecosystems, 72-85
herbivores, effect of, 154-156
reaction, 72
schematic carbon flow, 33
Principal component analysis (PCA), 146
Production, definition, 32
Profiling radar scatterometers, 19
Pseudoreplication, 349
Pulse laser systems, 11
PULSE treatments, 333
Pulse-labeling techniques, 223
PVI (perpendicular vegetation index), 22-23
Pyrites, 88
Quantum light sensors, 9
Quartz bottles, 75
Quartz combustion furnace, 188
Quercus, 154,342,344
Radar, SAR, 17
Radar interferometry, 17-18
Radar profilers, 17, 23
Radar remote sensing, 14-18
Radar scatterometers, 8
RADARSAT, 17
Radiative transfer, 9
Index
Radioisotopes. See also Isotopes; Isotopic methods;
Stable isotopes
decomposition rates, 113
material flow, 377
production measurements, 143-144
SOM turnover studies, 117-137
sulfate reduction, 95-96
tracers of nitrogen cycling, 132
Rain forests, 265
Raindrop size, 343
Rainfall, 343-344, 362. See also Precipitation
Raleigh distillation effects, 133, 193
Rangefinders, 11
Reciprocal transplants, 109-110
Redox zonation, 86-87
Reflectances, 45
Relaxed eddy accumulation (REA), 174
Remote sensing, 8, 21
Reoxidation, 88
Representative sampling, 184
Rhizobium, 322
Riparian zones, 292, 311
Rivers, 79-81. See also Streams
RNA hypothesis, 395
Rock formations, 311
Rock phosphate, 296, 298
Roots
barriers to, 349
belowground biomass estimation, 59-60
estimated turnover, 62
measurement of length, 63--64
within soil, 318
whole-plant hydraulic conductance, 209-210
Rotenone, 309
Rotifers, 333
Roughness sublayer (RSL), 162, 167, 168
Routh-Hurwitz criteria, 383
Salinity, and trace gas solubility, 239
Sample collection
organic matter, 186-189
plot shape, 35
soil, 59, 254
soil water, 184
streams, techniques for, 252-253
trace gases, 174, 238
water, 184